LightNeedle - RJ Laser

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EFFECTS OF NEW NONINVASIVE LASERNEEDLES ON BRAIN FUNCTION G. Litscher*, D. Schikora** * Department of Biomedical Engineering and Research in Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Graz, Graz, Austria ** Department of Physics and Optoelectronic, University of Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany Abstract: This paper describes the first double-blind study in acupuncture research in 17 healthy volunteers using laserneedle acupuncture. Stimulation of vision related acupoints resulted in marked changes of mean blood flow velocity in the posterior cerebral artery measured by multidirectional transcranial Doppler sonography. Further studies using different laser stimulus intensities and wavelengths are in progress. Keywords: laser, laserneedle, acupuncture, brain function, blood flow velocity Introduction A new noninvasive laserneedle system has been developed and used for the first time in acupuncture research [1,2]. This new optical stimulation technique has the advantage that the stimulation cannot be felt by the patient. The operator may also be unaware of whether the laserneedle system is active and therefore for the first time true double blind studies in acupuncture research can be performed. Materials and Methods The laser radiation is coupled into eight optical fibres and the laserneedles are arranged at the distal ends of the optical fibres. Due to the direct contact of the laserneedles and the skin, no loss of intensity occurs and the laser power, which affects the acupoints, can be exactly determined [1,2]. Simultaneous and continuous transtemporal Doppler sonographic examinations of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) and the middle cerebral artery (MCA) were performed to objectify alterations of cerebral blood flow velocity. Seventeen healthy volunteers with a mean age of 25.1 + 4.1 years (⎺x + SD) were examined. Eight vision related distal acupoints (Hegu, Zusanli, Kunlun, Zhiyin) on both sides and 8 placebo points were tested using two schemes, each in one session in a randomized double-blind cross-over study design. The data before (a), during (b - d), and after (e) laserneedle acupuncture (Fig.1) were tested with Kruskal-Wallis one way ANOVA on ranks (SigmaStat, Jandel Scientific Corp., Erkrath, Germany). Fig. 1: Measurement profile. Results The results of the alterations of mean blood flow velocities in the PCA and MCA before (a), during (b - d), and after (e) laserneedle and placebo acupuncture are summarized in Table 1. Tab. 1: Changes in mean blood flow velocity (vm; ⎺x + SE) in 17 healthy volunteers during laserneedle (A) and placebo (B) acupuncture. Note the increase of vm at the conditions b - d (* n.s.) during A. v m (cm/s) A: PCA B: PCA A: MCA B: MCA a 42.2 ± 2.5 42.9 ± 2.6 48.0 ± 3.1 47.5 ± 3.2 b 44.7 ± 2.7 * 41.6 ± 2.7 48.0 ± 3.2 45.9 ± 3.1 c 43.9 ± 2.6 41.6 ± 2.7 47.6 ± 3.2 45.7 ± 3.1 d 44.1 ± 2.6 41.9 ± 2.4 48.6 ± 3.1 45.9 ± 3.0 e 42.3 ± 2.4 42.1 ± 2.8 46.8 ± 3.2 46.2 ± 3.1 Discussion Recent scientific and technological progress has truly revolutionized acupuncture. The usage of advanced exploratory tools, such as laser Doppler flowmetry, laser Doppler imaging, ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging, provides revealing insights and attempt to shine scientific light upon the most spectacular of the eastern medical procedures [3-9]. Similar like in animal studies we have found recently that the brain is the key to acupuncture’s and laserpuncture’s effects. New experimental constructions to measure ultrasound, light and bioelectrical processes can reproducibly demonstrate effects of stimulation of acupoints in the brain [1,3-9]. Streitberger and Kleinhenz [10] have reported that the stimulus strength at the acupuncture points are of
decisive importance for the therapeutic efficiency of acupuncture treatments. Using placebo-needles in comparison with metal needles, it was found that the efficiency of acupuncture treatments decreases significantly, if placebo needles were used. Our studies show that the new high optical stimulation with laserneedles can elicit reproducible cerebral effects which are in the same order (half dimension) with respect to the maximum amplitude of the mean blood flow velocity as compared to needle acupuncture [1]. Conclusions The new laserneedle system is able to induce specific, marked alterations in cerebral blood flow velocity of the PCA after stimulation of vision-related acupoints on the foot and hand. At the same time blood flow velocity in the MCA did show minor changes. Further studies using different laser stimulus intensities and wavelengths are in progress. Acknowledgements We are especially indebted to Dr. Lu Wang, Evamaria Huber and Mag. Petra Petz (all Department of Biomedical Engineering and Research in Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Graz, Austria) for their support to this study. We thank Petra Thöne, Tanja Prohaska, Marianne Hubbert and Jörg Reitemeyer from Laserneedle ® Systems GmbH (Germany) for technical support. The present report is a pilot study to the presumtive FWF project P16020. REFERENCES [1] G. Litscher and D. Schikora, “Cerebral vascular effects of non invasive laserneedles measured by transorbital and transtemporal Doppler sonography”, Lasers Med. Sci., vol. 17, 2002, in press. [2] D. Schikora, European Patent Nr. PCT/EP 01/08504. [3] Litscher G and Z.H. Cho, Eds., “Computer- Controlled Acupuncture ® ”, Lengerich Berlin Rom Riga Wien Zagreb: Pabst Science Publishers, 2000. [4] G Litscher, “Computer-based quantification of traditional Chinese-, ear- and Korean hand acupuncture: Needle-induced changes of regional cerebral blood flow velocity”, Neurol. Res., vol 24, 2002, in press. [5] G. Litscher, L. Wang and M. Wiesner- Zechmeister, “Specific effects of laserpuncture on the cerebral circulation”, Lasers Med. Sci., vol 15, pp 57-62, 2000. [6] G. Litscher, “High-Tech Akupunktur ® ”, Lengerich Berlin Rom Riga Wien Zagreb: Pabst Science Publishers, 2001. [7] Z.H. Cho, E.K. Wong and J. Fallon, Eds., “Neuro- Acupuncture I. Neuroscience Basics”, Los Angeles: Q-Puncture Inc, 2001. [8] G. Litscher, L. Wang, N.H. Yang NH and G. Schwarz, “Computer-controlled acupuncture. Quantification and separation of specific effects”, Neurol. Res., vol. 21(6), pp 530-534, 1999. [9] G. Litscher, L. Wang, N.H. Yang NH and G. Schwarz, “Ultrasound-monitored effects of acupuncture on brain and eye”, Neurol. Res., vol 21(4), pp 373-377, 1999. [10] K. Streitberger and J. Kleinhenz, “Introducing a placebo needle into acupuncture research, Lancet, vol. 352, pp 364-365, 1998. Information gerhard.litscher@uni-graz.at www.litscher.info
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16 Service & Support REIMERS & JANS
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