chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

80 CORRESPONDENCENOI'A'IION
were played bctNccn clubs or eroups ol playes
who .ould pool iheir reson.ces
On 10 Jan 1840 Bnlain inlroduced a nltionside
penny post and two months later C WAL$R
rcpodcd a widespread increase in the number oI
cooespondence games. cheaP PostaSe soon iol
lowed in other coundes. ln the l&50s some
magazines pronored iournamcnls. in l8r0 rhe
Caissa Cofcspondcncc Club, the n$t olits kind.
{as lounded in England. and in 1888 M,d.
Ilrdrri orga.ized the Iirst internalional rourna
menr. Itr lhe 2Oh cenrury maeazincs devoled to
cofespondence chcss Ncre published in severil
In Dec. 1928 the Intcrnationaler Femschach
Bund (IFSB) sas lonnded in Gernanyi rcconstituled
aiter thc Second World War as the
tntemarional Corespondence ahcss Associalio!
(lCCi.), ii becane rhe i.lc,narional corespondence
chess Federadon (lccF) in 1951 and Nas
alfiliared to FIDE in 1961. An agrecment with
FIDE in 1968 conimedrhalthcrso organizalions
would be joinily responsible lor world championships
ol larious kindsandfortbe aqlrdnre oI
FIDE titlcs. After asenes orqualilyingronnds the
final ol the Ii6t irdividual Norld chanpionship
ronrnanenr began in 1950. Suchevents nke ihrcc
ortuuryea6 to complete, and $e linal olthc lenlh
championship began in 1983. Individual world
championsbips restictcd to vomen conPetitors
began in i965. Thc ICCF also arrangessorldleam
chanpionships. Tte Geman laneuagc moDthly
nagazine F./,s.na.r. Iounded in 1929, disconti
nned in r9l9 ,nd reslartcd in 1951 is the oflicial
BruDo Basi, fl,e ,qdro,'} al co trespoklace Ch.$
,p,ol8J9(1965) karepdnrolarriclespublishedin
nrarlCn.rs,1948 52: T. D. Hlrdinq. The Gan sof
th. llotld Cortesponden e Che$ Cha"pioahip
t-vt (1979).
aORkESPONODNCE NOTATION- a lorn of
co oRDTNATE NorAroN used lor traNmilting the
movcs ol a corespondence eame and recognized
by FIDE. The 6les are nunbered 1 to 8 iron lhe
queen s nank lo rhe king\ flank, the ranks I to 8
lron white s side of thc board. Each square is
dcscribed bytwodigits, the nle nunberpreeding
the rank ntrmber. Amove is sho{n by atuurdigit
.umber, rhe srarting square preceding thc arival
square. TXus e2 e4 hccomes 5254. C6tling is
rcprcscnted bythekingismovealone: iorexamPle,
G0 becomes 5171 ior While,5878lor Black The
pu.pose of using this notation is to avoid problems
thatarise i. i.iernationalchesssbenplayenmiSbt
use differenr initial lerters ior rhe sane piece, or
even difierent alphabeh. There are nosymboh lor
capture, check, or EN rAssNr, and no method is
given lor descnbing a pronotion.
Originated by a German prolessor, DrJ. w. D.
Wildt of Oi,ttinge., this noialion was used a
quarte. ofa centurr laler by J. F. W. Koch in his
Eleneatafiuch dil S.hacht?ieku6. (1828) and is
oftcn named after him. In Russia the nane
Savenkov notation was once used.
CORTLEVER VARLATION. 285 in the srcrLAN
DLfLN.E, naned alter fte Durch player Ni@laas
COTTER GAMBIT, 618. Played by and naned
afte. an English player oi $e 181h century- this
opening is lor known as the
COUNTERATTAC(, (1) an attack nounred by
tne delender or by a player Nho is apparentl,
defending. (For somc cxamples lron play see
d PRoPstuxs.)
COUNIERATTACT, (2) a dcscriptio. ol an
opening variario. inniaied by tslack.
COUNTER-GAMBIT, a dcscription oI an opening
in which Black oIlc6 a gambil. Thn nay be a dnect
reply ro a gambil as in fie sIN and rA' mEER
couNER-.aMEm, or a delaled rcsponse as in the
uR!^N, r6PEz