chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

72 COLMAN VARIAIION
brothers. The three pa.ts ol the book dcal with
geneial inlornarion, opENNGs with illusr.Ative
games, and .NDGA@S, in rhal order. The seond
part oI the last edition, ocNpying more than 400
pages and including 133 games, sas edited by rir',
R@NsErN, and SPTELMNN, and was mnsequently
the mos1 important sour@ oI openi.gs inlormation
ro be published in the 1920s.
COLMAN VARIATION, 503, a standard line in
the No Nrctsrs DEENCE. The English player
Euscne E ncst Colman (1878-1964) discolered
and analysed lhis variation $hile in a Japancs.
prnoner of*arcanp. 1942 5.
COLOUR, whne or black (alhou8h rechnially
neither is a 6lour). The che$nen may be of any
hue hut , colonrdistinction betwccn thc tNo sides
is desirable. Ivory scts are comno y white and
red. orgreen and red. A presentation ser 8i!en 10
MoRpHy was silver and gold. However, the pie.cs
are stiu refered to as wnilc and black.
Since at least thc llth cenrurythe squa.es olthe
boa.d have been ol tso onlrastin8 sbades and
these too.re often called shite and bla.k.
altnough the words light'and'da.k'are less likely
io cause onfusio. betseen Pieces and squares.
COLOIIR-WEA(NESS, inability lo gain efiective
conhol oI squares ol one olour, irequenily
as$.iated Ii1h BrsEoPS or o
BAD ursnop. and usually disadlantagcous
CheoqhiFMiles Londoi 1930 Qucen\ Indiai De
Ld4Nl6 2c4e6 3N1366 4N.3tsb,1 5tsssh6 6Bh1
g-l 7Bg3Nc4 3Qc2Bb? 9c3Bxc3+ 10br.3Nrg3 1l
hx33 Nc6 12 Rtl Qe7 ll c5 h5 14 Be2 NaJ 15 Ndz
tsxs2 16Rxnsorl0 r7cxb6db6 18ra\nsltxhs tglB
BrB 20 NxA Oi6 2l Ke2 Nc4 22 Oa1d5 x NxL5
Whitc has *on a paln. buth.salilalcolourtu.knc$: hc
is unable to gnin surficienr mntol or the light quarer.
. Kb7 24 NB O15 25 Rcl Og4 26 Qdl Rni l7
n
KIl (iI2? a4 RJ5 23 Oh1c5) 2? ..Rhl+ 23NEl
Nrc3+ 29lxcl Qxg3 l0Kez Rh2+ w'ire resigns
COI,UMN, (1) a flrL.
"&@r4* W,
% 7& r%r.',&
7& '.lg&,r.ru
'& '/&r.% ffi
s%^ffi w
'&ffi'&'&
t% 1g&*w'&.
trv&ww
coLUMN, (2) see NEWSPNER coLUMNs.
COLUMNAR NOTATTON,
COMBINATION, a senes of for.ing movcs sitn a
clear stafl and nnish grounded in r^or.s. A
sa.RrFr. is likely to be presenl and sone. lor
example lorarNNrK. say is always present. The
object naybe anrthing f.om adefensilc rcsourcc
io a naling attacl, IJon a small rcsnoN^L
ADvANrAcr to a gain olmaterial. Essenlial ro 6os1
conbinations and a reason for thcir populaniy k
surpnse: lhe senes of moves diffe.s in lorm lron
the kind ol condnuarior nomally to be expected.
Combinalions do nol come lron thin an
Usually a playe.will first have gainedsome kindol
Posnional .dvadlage, and if this is increased then.
,s isconnonly said, theconbidations will cone 01
th.msclvcs: his orponcnt aill bc too dkorganizcd
to p.event them. Sometimes a dhtin.iiv€ weak'
ness. an u.guarded piece, or an uncastled king is
the sign.l ior a conbination. In gnnes beNeen
grandmasrers conbinations are oilen seen and
avoidcd, and may bc ovcrlookcd by a bcCinnct
plaving lhrough the gameihe believes he can 6nd
belEr noves, nor seeing the combinative refut.
tio.s Onlhe olherhand games betseenplayersol
markedly dificrcnt strcngth oltcn ha,e ! livclicr
appeara.ce because the combinations comc to lhe
suriace, the belEr player havine seen further
COMBINED PIECE, a piece that conbines the
po*ers of lwo or nore othcr pi.ces. lt may be
moved at will in 1ne man.er of any one of its
conslitucnt park. The queen, tor example, combines
thc po{c( of the rook and bishop Some
otber combined picccs arc thc aMAzoN (R+B+N),
the EMpREss (R+N). a.d the rxNcEss (B+N)
7*.
w % H 'r'&:
W*. ffi. W
%?Z*%%
"&" %* W.,
* 7r- ?r"
7* "&
tt?,, 7"
A problem ftom thc B0NUS socos MS, late 13th
entury. The piece on h7 is a F.ns (which cad be
moved one square di.gonally) while thc piccc on
eThas rhc powcre ofan AUrrN (a V8 or2,2 LLTpLR)
and arook White matcs by moving rhis piece first
ro e6Gerring upa Bro.k) and rhcn tosE. Thnn rhe
carliesl known invention oI a combincd piece lbr