chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld
novel kind of .lock was prorided by a Gema, 6m, a.d pronounced a greal improlemenl Tne clocks are fixed upon a siand, not hovable like oDn. A lever h provided, which upon being presred dosn {ops unr Llnck and se6 rhe orher in ;ouon. and \rce LeLa Thcdocksare.ir
70 COCHR,ANE GAMBII Cochrane siayed in India until his retnement in 1869exceptloronevisnroEngland.l84l 3,when he played hundreds ot friendly ganes againsl srAUNroN, sbo began bywinninga largenajoriry. Wilheln srErNrz knew both contestanB and states thar rhei( lasl encounter was a match of 12 ganes, Stauflton concedi.g pawn and move ror rhe firsr six: and lhat Cocnrane mde .n elen !.ore uh.n reeiving odds but won (+3=2 l) when playing John Cochranc should dol be @ntused wnh Janes coch.ane (..1770-i830), co-author of a book on De Muzro cAMB,r (sce GHUUM {Ass,M cAMu'rl COCIfRANE GAMBIT. 553 in rhe pFrR.FF nr- FEN.E. oriAinated by cocsuNE in the 1840s. White sacrilices a knieht lor tro paMs and a strong centre. srA!NroN,who playcd lhe gambilsucce$ fully. pointed out that White should not seek aftck: instead he should play a posilionalgamc, adlancing his phalanx ol pawns in the manner advocated byplrrrDoR. Should while establish lwo pawns on lhe nlth rank he would probably hale sulficient conpensalion tor his piece. lRoNsrErN believes this eanbit is aortb furlherinlesrisalion. COCIIRANE VARIATION. 592 i. the (NG's c^Mrr Accepied. Bla.k\ sixlh nove, a retutation ol the sAlqo GMI', is .ightty named alter John cocoRANE Nho published his anallsis in 1822. The variation had occured in ainendlygame Sarratt- Lewis, London. 1816j subsequently LE*B disaPproved of tbis variation. nol cooprehending its COFfEE HOUSES, chess resorts rbar played an inportanr pa.i in chess tite oi the 18rh and t91h enlunes. In 1747 pHn-rDoR aled sreMA at Slaughlert in St Mirtin's Lane and lron 1774 he {requented Pasloe\ in SlJameJs St.eet. Ako in Sr JameJs St.eet there was Whnes Chocolate House (later whitet club) where chess *as oftcn ptayed lor slakes. (Some betting rccords irom the 1740s areextanl.) These and olher meeting places were, howeverj mosrlypatro.izedbylhe titledand the wcalthy. Coffee houses lor the tuiddling classes. 6 G. wALrcR called them, nourished pnncipally in the 19th centurv. I! London lhere were Ton's in Co.nhill. the Salopian al Charing Cross. Hultnan's Garnck Cbess Dilan in Redrn.d sr.eet. Gatti\ in Adelaide strer. tnc caf€ caro in Cnteman Strcct, Kilpack\ Divan in Colent car den and Stdiet Philidonan chess Rnoms in Rathbone Place. cliddon\ Dtuan, irequented by sr^uNroN in thc early 1840sj was dcsoibed by a conledPoraryasrlikc an Easrernienij rbedrapery leslooned up around you, an.l lhe views exhibited oa allsides of nosques, andhinarets- andpalaces nsing oul ol the water'. Soon, howcver, it was converted i.to an Ame.ican bowliDg alley. For mosl chess playes thc divan neanr Simp, $0\ In 1828 a Porluguese, Samuel Rre( oprneJ rhediv n in the Strand, and dfier five yeaFsare rl the more English soundi.g namc oI his head waner. Sinpson's was ftequented regularly by all the grealesl playes ol the time iron iis founding until 1903 vhen it was pnrchdcd by westminster Councii lor 15,1,000. Altered io permii road widening, Simpson s vas reopened in 1904, bur chess ras nol encouraged again unlil 1980 when the 6nal oi the national clnb championship was heu dere. hs chielnval. Pu6sells in CoDhiU, a demolished in lA94 when rhe playen moved to Dr Butler\ Head, a licensed rcstaurant in Telcgraph Street. The leadin8 London resort in the 20lh century {as Tbe Ganbir in Budgc Ros. Opened in 1898, visitcd by most masters oI rhe nrsl half of lhe century, the *ene of the Great Bntain end ol lhe r?dnr mrrch *nh rhe IJssR in 1c,16 i ended ilr daysin 1958. ln60yeatr ilwasclosedonlyonce, loi two dar6 in Scpt. 1940on accouni oI damagc in an airraid. ?ublicchesshasbeenplayed in othertypes ol premises like tavems such as the Ship and Turtle in Lerdenhall Sfteet nnd in the middle oi ih€ 20th centuryi aho in London. atthc Mandrakc. a soho Other Ianous 191h century chess alds Nere: Amsterdan. Roode l-ccuwiBertin. Bauer, Belve dcrc, Kaise.hof. Kerkau. and Kdnig: Geneva, Cafe de la Cou.onne: If,ipzig. Hanischi Madrid. Caf€ du Levant: New York,Intematio.aliParh, Procope and. nost lamous ol aI, the cAF! DE c RicrN..; Riga, Reutc( Rome, Palazo de' Cin qnei SiPelemburg, Dominik; Vienna. Ccntral and COnN, WILITELM (1859-1913). profcssional ches player who competed in aboul 20 iournamenls, some ol lhem inlernalional, Irom 1893 io 1911. Hk h.st performance was his second place equal with.tuRousEk and.HrcoRrN, aft cr nuRN, al Cululne 1898. W. Cuhn should .ot be .onfLsed srlh-iirch ('ohn (188a 1ql8), d LlorDr ut medi COINCIDENCE, lhc unplanned duplication of chess ideas. There are nany examples ot idenrical games being played, inparticularRhen an opening trap is involvcd. Tie tbllo*ing two games bear a Alekhine F. Kaihnlein Dnserdorf allpru,r.r 1903 1d4d5 2Nt3Nl6 3c3c6 4Bd3Nbd7 sNbd2Bd6 6e, dxe4 rNxe4Nxe4 3Rxe4G0 90.0f5 10tsd3e5 ]l BgJ Q.3 12dre5 Nrc5 13Re1Qh5 l4NxcsQig5 15 Bc.l+ Kh3 16 Qxd6 Bla.L esisns D.esga A. Barat P.ris 1923 Two yiishh' Defe"@ re!es 2NJ:rN.6 lBclNf6 4d4ci,l 5011d6 6Nid4 Bc7 ?Nc301l 31.18e4 9Nxc6i'i.6 10Qc1d5 lrBd3 dxc4 12 Nxc4 RcB 13 KhI Bci 14 Ogr Nxe4 15 Qxg4 The .epctition ol a coopositio. idea nsually implies ^NrrcrF{noN or plAoatusM but a renark able coin.idence o(urred in 1898. A. F. AC(EN-
- Page 28 and 29: posal was oade by Dr zboriet of Pra
- Page 30 and 31: BACEMANN, LUDWIG 0856 1937), one ol
- Page 32 and 33: BARING CHESS 23 % t i w % ,9 b4 (wr
- Page 34 and 35: BASIC ENDGAME 25 posnionrhar can be
- Page 36 and 37: BELYAVSKY 27 xJ2 Bxg3+ is threatene
- Page 38 and 39: BERLINER 29 noted rhat (l d4 c5)2.1
- Page 40 and 41: BIRD 31 move, Ircm rhree lo nve and
- Page 42 and 43: BISHOPS OF OPPOSITE COLOUR 33 Tso b
- Page 44 and 45: he playcd. and relreshing himself r
- Page 46 and 47: Philidor plarinp blindJ.ld at Px$lo
- Page 48 and 49: Dr!\cnnnathe,d\mlcottr/hte!lpuM)t4N
- Page 50 and 51: cur back his chess activiies. Hh Ni
- Page 52 and 53: choicc of moves. These artistic req
- Page 54 and 55: BOO(, k.own infornalion ahoui tbc o
- Page 56 and 57: BOURDONNAIS 47 DOTVINNIK VaRIATION.
- Page 58 and 59: BRINCXMANN 49 Frar Clenens Honoratu
- Page 60 and 61: BUCKLE 51 shosing what mighl have o
- Page 62 and 63: No-Movd conPose6 of his gene.ation.
- Page 64 and 65: ioumament 1896. this defe.ce w6 use
- Page 66 and 67: cibler ollhe 158 march and tournane
- Page 68 and 69: caRO VARTATION- 44-1 in ib knorm \i
- Page 70 and 71: .rss.. Caxton\ t.nshiior oI Cesol.\
- Page 72 and 73: Checknare is a unique charactcrisli
- Page 74 and 75: N. I. Greko!, M. /. cl4,r;n (1939)
- Page 76 and 77: CLEAN SCORE 67 CTRCULAR CEESS. see
- Page 80 and 81: 7E ol Jamaica and H. F. W. La.e of
- Page 82 and 83: COMPANION SQUARES, COMPDNSATION, ad
- Page 84 and 85: BRowNE played this ending against r
- Page 86 and 87: CONTROI- NOTATION 77 eration is the
- Page 88 and 89: R.8 15b.rNcd7 16Bg3Nb6 17Qb3Nfd5 l8
- Page 90 and 91: CRACOW VARIATION 8I 7r. C/'6r C,n.
- Page 92 and 93: CYC]TC PLAY 83 outsranding analrsr,
- Page 94 and 95: DABBABA..n uno.thodox LtaPER used i
- Page 96 and 97: DEMONSTRATION ROARIJ 3? a% "ffifrw
- Page 98 and 99: tsla.l iniourcednaloin three by23.
- Page 100 and 101: DIAGRAM, a piclorial representation
- Page 102 and 103: DoMINATIoN, a study lem indicating
- Page 104 and 105: The objecr, morc often than no1, n
- Page 106 and 107: DUPI-EX 9? comncnls on the Sxde arc
- Page 108 and 109: DUr'CIl VARIATION. 39. a standard l
- Page 110 and 111: pa of the bod! qhrch rr A dcstred t
- Page 112 and 113: ENGELS !03 FIDE title system is lou
- Page 114 and 115: as ambasador. ln relurn d'6onwas sc
- Page 116 and 117: nasrer, and rhey have been tanstaEd
- Page 118 and 119: entre. AIso 414 in the spaNrss opEN
- Page 120 and 121: EALKBEER VARIA'I ION, 321 . la Scha
- Page 122 and 123: A posnion bl tne French inalyst Pie
- Page 124 and 125: chess ser and sood became deeply ab
- Page 126 and 127: Mt 60 Memorobk eMd. a classic of pa
novel kind of .lock was prorided <strong>by</strong> a Gema,<br />
6m, a.d pronounced a greal improlemenl Tne<br />
clocks are fixed upon a siand, not hovable like<br />
oDn. A lever h provided, which upon being<br />
presred dosn {ops unr Llnck and se6 rhe orher in<br />
;ouon. and \rce LeLa Thcdocksare.ir
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