Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
60 CASUAL GAME<br />
CASUAI- GAME, see TENDLY c^ME and srnlEs j<br />
and,lbr an elanple, oRANG urAN opENrNc.<br />
CATALAN OPENING. 172. \rr'hiD conlinues Bll-<br />
92 and Ngl f3, moves thal complctc what h<br />
somerines called the car.l.n syslen- a st!.dard<br />
opening since the 1930s. (<strong>The</strong> mo,es are not<br />
necessarily phyed in thc ordcr given.) Al tbe<br />
Bar@lona <strong>to</strong>ur.amenr 1929. rARrarcwER played,<br />
as White. the movesPd4, Nf3, PBl. and Bg2, aid<br />
named the openinS, Nhich tad bccn playcd<br />
previously <strong>by</strong> orhes- aftcr thc region. <strong>The</strong> move<br />
Pc2J4 laier bccame an essenrial pa.l oI the<br />
sysrcmj a means <strong>by</strong> *hich whne mighr extendrhe<br />
ra.se of his Lrcsr B6HoP. (scc aNrlPos'troN^L<br />
MovEiBLUNDIR| (locrusi rcRrscdi sosoN(o )<br />
c ATEcoRIE^S- see .rassrFrcAroN oFpLAyERs and<br />
CAVALLO'I'TICOINTER-GAMBIT,5l,perhaPs<br />
NAMC IOT tlE AItrIN 'OUNTR'<br />
c MBrr. <strong>The</strong> Iiatian player Mattia cavallotti<br />
(..1855-..1915) played it in the Milan <strong>to</strong>urn.ment<br />
l*Al He .diied , h.dk ahout this elcnt. and<br />
subsequently edited a <strong>chess</strong> column in ihe Mila.<br />
CENTRALIZATION, the act olbnnging pieces ro<br />
lhe entre or noving rhem so that they con[ol<br />
ential squares. Queens, bishops. and knights arc<br />
likely <strong>to</strong> gain mobility Nhen placed on cenlral<br />
squares. but .ooks. which perfom well lron the<br />
edges, are less often moved <strong>to</strong> rhe niddle of tbe<br />
board.Itr tbe endgane rhe king is oflen ooved 10<br />
the cenhe because ir can thcn bc brought <strong>to</strong> any<br />
,ar<strong>to</strong>f rhe boardinlewmoves. Fora gameinwhicb<br />
the king is centralized in rhe niddle gine see<br />
CENTRAL ZONE, the 16squarcsinthe entre ol<br />
CENTRE. the area in the centre of the board<br />
varyine irom rou squares (the basic cenire) lo 16<br />
squa.es (rhe cenkal zone)i tbe Pawn ce.tre. T]l1e<br />
cenlral squares are oi na<strong>to</strong>r slratecic importance<br />
rhroughour the gamc: in the opening playe6<br />
strugglc <strong>to</strong> control lhen, in rhe niddle gane the<br />
central situation deternines the @urse ofplay, in<br />
lhe endgane pieces may be .entralized ready lor<br />
aclion on any part ol the board. Ihe manner in<br />
shich rhe cenrral squares are @nholled nornally<br />
depends trpon tbe kind ol pAwN .rNrRE thal the<br />
players contrivc <strong>to</strong> bring abouli bur the ental<br />
sqnares remain inportanr eve. when all lhe centre<br />
pawns have been e&hadged, a siluation tnown as<br />
CENTREATT ACK,39,1,. Sraphicnamc for a line<br />
in thc closr DETENCE <strong>to</strong> the s<br />
CENTRE COUNTER GAMD,308. a dcfence 66t<br />
grlen <strong>by</strong> LUC.NA. and sometimes called tbe<br />
Scandina,ian Opening or Centre Counrer ganbit.<br />
(Sce PERPSI UAL .HE.(.)<br />
CENTRE GAME, 342. an opening daling bact al<br />
CENTRE PAWN! the d- or e-pawn<br />
CDRIANT. LUIGI 0894 1969),Italian composer<br />
f rom Milan, doc<strong>to</strong>r of engincering, manulaclurer.<br />
Cenani began composinC around 1924.ndbecamc<br />
one ottheworlds teading exPonenls ofth€ al<strong>to</strong>l<br />
His 32 PeBonaSSi e I<br />
,4zr"r. (1955) is a boo* of 65? pages @niaining<br />
more than 400 problems of various kinds, nost oI<br />
then conposcd <strong>by</strong> himi and his La genesi dzlle<br />
pdiz,,",(1961) conrains 155 reho analyticalproblems<br />
(see LAsr MoE monr.EM.)<br />
CERON, ALFONSO (161h centDry), als known<br />
as Zerone. Xeron, or Gnone. SpanishplayerAom<br />
cranada, reputcdly the equal ol Ruy L6pEz, and<br />
aulbor ol an unpublished ches book. In mat.hes<br />
playedinthecour<strong>to</strong>llhilip IIof spainaroud 1575<br />
Ceron dres silh r..oNA R Do oI Calrbri a and lost <strong>to</strong><br />
CESSOLE, JACOPO DA 031h-l4th cent.).<br />
Doninican 6onk NhoNas lhe autho. ollhe mosl<br />
famousof<strong>chess</strong> MoR^uIEs. More lhan a bundred<br />
manuscript 6pies are extant. cax<strong>to</strong>n\ lamous<br />
cone antl Plale of the Chesre. onc oI rhc fi6t<br />
printed books i. English and widely admired lor<br />
the soodots oftne second edition. Nas one of tbe<br />
numerous rranslarions.<br />
<strong>The</strong> appearance ofce$olet namc i. abonl30<br />
foms has lcd <strong>to</strong> asscrtions that he was French,<br />
Spanhh, or Greek. but mon [kely be cane lron<br />
Cessle near Ani, Italy, and vas a Lombard. In<br />
1317 18 he was in charge ol thc inquisition in<br />
In the last qua.ter of the 13tb century Cessole<br />
eave a senes ot seinons using <strong>chess</strong> as a<br />
framework. Because they werc so popular Cessole<br />
nade a book of them, usi.g De Regimine Ptinci-<br />
<strong>by</strong> Egidius Romanus (Guido Colonna) as his<br />
tm<br />
basis. <strong>The</strong> resull was aiber de m o/ib4 Hohinum et<br />
olf.iis Nobilutu oc Papuhnuft slpd tudo scacchotun.<br />
'fnc n* ol many pnnted ve^ions<br />
appeared in utrecht in 1473. caxron s lisl edition<br />
was pnnted in Bruges around 1,175, andthc second<br />
ednion in London around 1481.<br />
Becausc Ccssole wanted lo extend his aLLEcoR<br />
rEs he gave each pawn a distincr cbaractei, which
Change language