chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

Philidor plarinp blindJ.ld at Px$loc\ in 1794
nolably L. PAULSEN,
PILBBUNY- UR'YER, RNII. ^LESINE,
ANd (OLTAN
ows(r. Ooe olthe nost aslonishing pcrfornaDces
was byPillsburl on a lree day during the rlanover
toumamenl, 1902. He played simultaneously 2l
opponenk, all of whon were tumpeling in the
HAUmRNTER. and allowed thed ro consult onc
anorher and to try out noles !t thc board. His
score aiter lwelve hou(, +3=11-7, was a good
resull inviesof theopposilion sstrength. Clnous
Iy he achieved betrer results in the master toynamenl
alter the display (+6=2) than bcrore
(+2=i 2).ln 1937 KoltanoNski played 34 opponenk
al Edinburgh, sconng +24:l0in l3,j hours
Subs€quent claims to records are based on perlbrmmces
lackinS in the kind ol controls cxpcctcd in
such events,.nd the whole idca ofaltaching ne.ir
10 meie numbers is our of favour.
BLITZ. This Geman word lor lighhing is used to
descnbe [ghtning chess or, on occasion, a fasl-
BLITZKRTEG, see TRoGBBSNE csBs.
BLOCK, a l)roblem position in which Black is
under no th.eat. yet any nove he could niake, rere
ithn tumloplay, wouldopenupathreatfor Whitc
(the word rhlear is here used in irsproblcm sense)l
this is rhe probleDisr\ equiyalenr ol ihe player's
zuczwANc or sauEEzE, but the terms are nor
interchangeable, Block problens may baffle tic
s.lver: h. r.!, s.htrion ifiruere BIa.k\ nrn i.
play but his difEohy is that White nust move6rst.
Four sell nno*n kinds are thc sailer. tb€ mutale,
the block threat, and the incomplete block prob
len: examples lollow in that order.
+2
A problem by LosErNs(y, Tnlschril t. d. NSB.
I TId .osition is a block. Werc Black to nove
'r30
6rsr (he s; pLAy) he *ould have a choice oI z
noves and to each ol lhesc Wtite colld reply by
aivins checknare. Ttere are sn nain lines: 1 . . .
Rb? 2 Rc6, or I . Bb7 2 Re? (cRtMssAw
TNIERFERTNCE)i 1. . . Rq7 2Qe5, or 1. . . Bg7 2
axfl (crimshaw inleriereoce): 1 . . . Bf6 2 Qs'l,
or1. . . f6 2Oe4(apaNnGnnsha*).Thekey, 1
Rh3 mainlains rhe block- and the sane 6ates
Iolow lhis kind oI problem is caled a waire.
becaus€ rhe key n a waiting nove that threatens
noihing and alle6 none oI the sel play mates.
Sonetimes, howcver, the key adds nes nales, as
in fie problem by (Er undcr Fo.^L PhI.