chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

Samnch NiDovitch Copcnlra8en 1921 Queenklndi
1 d4 Nf6 2 c,l e6 :r NB b6 .1 s3 Bb7 5BsrB.7 6Nc3
0I 70 0d5 llNesc6 9cxd5.ids loBtua6 ll Rcl b5
12Qb3 Nc6 13Nxc6Brc6 l1h3 Qd7 15 (h2 Nh5 16
Bd2f5 lTQdlb4 l8NbLtsbs 19RglBd6 ?0c,1Lrc4
2l Qxh5 raro 22 Og5 RaA IXhl R3r5 21Qe:l Bdl
25 Rc.1 h6 Whirc esiEns
In 1924 thiswascallcd azDgzNanggamc, anisuse
oftbe word lhaiisnolunmnnon. While is ataloss
ior a good nove in the Iinal posilion, butit is nol a
zugzwanC. Bla.k .ould lose thc molc in nany
waysj hecan also make threats. andlheposition is
ZUKERTORT, JOHANN HERMANN ( 18.12-
88). Polish-born Jew, lronr aboul 1871 lo 1886
second playe. in tbe world after srElNtrz. Fron
abour 1862 lo 1866 zukerlorl, then liling in
BresDu, played many lricndl, gamesNith aNDERSsEN.
al 6Bt receiving odds oI a knight but soon
neeting on even lems. Tbey played lqo natches
in Beilin. Zukerrorl losinC thc li^t in 1868
(+.1=1 8) and winninc the second in 1871
(+5-2). L, l8?2 a sroup ol London playersi
3nxnnxnrfin,l (me.ne wh. c.uld delerrSreinnT
p.id zu kerrort 20 I uineas to co mcto England. He
came, he staycd, but hc lailed to beal Stcinitz.
Zukertorl took third place after Slei.ilz and
BhCGURNE ar London 1872, the nrongesr rourna
nent in which tie had yer playcd, and latcr in rhe
,earwas dccisivelybeaten bySteinitzinmatchplay
(+l=4 7). zukerron senled in London as a
prolessional player. He won narcbes .8xinn
ponER in 1872 (+4:8 2). Ros.Nrna, ii l8E0
(+?=Ir-l). and Blackburne in 1881 (+?=5-2).
He aho had a lair record in tournament play:
Leipng 1877,secondequllwithAnde^senailerL.
?AILSEN ahe.d ol w,NAw.Ri Paris 1878, lirsr
(+1,1=5 3) cqual with Winaser ahead oI Blackburne
(zukertortBon rbeplay off, +2=2)iBerrin
1881, seond .tter Blackburnc ah$d ol Winiwer:
and Vienna 1882, lourth cqual aith MA{rKrNzr.
afte. Steinitz, Winaaer, and M^soN The world\
nine best playeB were rnong lhe ompetito$ in
the double rolnd l-ond.n rournancnl ol 1!83
shen Zukertort a.hicved hh grealest vi.lory: 6(t
pdze (+2 4) rhree points ahead olsteinitz, rhc
second pnze winner. tn selen seeks nd a dayhe
ZUKERTORT 38?
played33 Banes (scven daws were replayed) and
tosards thc cnd he relieved the strain by raking
opiates, the cause of his losing his last rhree ganes.
This victory led to rhe nret match tor lhc world
championship, a struegle bel*een hin and
Steinitz. USA, 1886. Atier nearly 1en weeks ot
relentless pressure by his opponcnl zukcrtort lost
(+5-5 10), winningo.lyoncofrhelasl 15 games.
Hisspirilcrushcd. his health lailing, he *as adised
to gi,e up comperirivechess, bulrheresasnotning
else he cluld do. I an preparcd', hc said.'to be.
uken awry at any moment.i Seized by a stroke
whitc playing ar London\ I.nous coUee housc.
Simpsons Divan, he died thc ncxt day.
Iike Anderssen his teacher. Zukerlon had a
dnccr and straighiiosard style, and in conbinatile
siiuarions hecouldcalculatcfarahcad. Having
a prodiaous nenory hc could recollect ar will
counrles Aam.s and openins vanations. a tilenl
which may havc limited his vision. (Forhismatch
with Stcinirz in 1872 his extensi!e opening prcparations
bronghl him odly one win Slcinitz sas the
bexer player in unhniliar situations.) As an
annolaroi ind analyst znkerrorr Ias outstanding
in hi( iim.,nd mn.h othis *.rk in rhese lields
appeared in rhe Ch?ss Monthlf which he and
Horrtk edited lron 1879 to 1888
zukertofi read widely and what he read b.came.
as h.said non-printed in my head. Hofferrec.lls
Zuke.ro holding a visitor Iron lndia spellbound
\rirn a convincing and dctlilcd a.counl of a
tiger hun1, although it must hale been outside his
cxpcricnce. zukertort s own accounl oi bn earlt
lile was reporled in rbe No&& N.,r. 16 Nov.
1872. He claincdarislocralic(Prussianand Polish)
dcs.cnt, and Ruenq in nine ldguages. He learnl
one laDguage ro read Dante, another ro read
C€Nantes, and a tbird. Sa.skri1, totracc thc oriein
oiche$.' Besides thc studyoltheology, philoloey,
andsocialscicn.c'he is also an origin al I hinker on
somc of thcDroblcmslhal perplexhtrm.nity. Heis
'an accomplished Nordsnan, lhe best donino
plater in Berlin. one ol rhe best whist playcn
living, a.dso goodapistolshotthat atf lteenpaces
hc h moralltcertain ro hit rhe r@ olhea.ts. . . has
found xme lo play 6,000 gamcs ol chess with
Anderssen.lone. . .. pupil of Moschclcs, and in
1862 6 musical criti. of the 661journal in Silesia
.. . halsoamilitaryleteran.. heservedinthe
Danish, in the Aosrrian- and in thc Frcn.h
canpaign . . . he Nas prcscnr at the folloiving
cngagcmcnis. viz. in DeDmark, Missunde, Dup
pel. and Alseni in Aunrii, Traurenau, K6nigin
hof, Kaniggr.tz (SadoNi). and Blun'cnaui ir
France. spicheeren, Pange (vionville), Gr.ve
lorte, Nois.ville, and all olhcraffans bclorc Mclz.
Twice dange.ously qoundcd, and on.c lclt for
dead upon the feld, hc is cDtitled lo wea. seven
mcdllsbcsidcs lhcorde$ of lhe Red Eagle and the
IronCross....HeobhinedthedegreeolM.D.al
Breslau in 1865, b.line chieflv devoled his.ttcnlion
lo chenistry uddcr lrolcsor Bunscn at
Heidelhers- a.d to physiolosy ai Berlin under