chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

uy a car Bhen he landed and scll it with about 100
miles on the cloct when hc departed,'sinple'he
said ii you knos how ro use a sde{driver.
Su@essfnl i. his pnme, he was poor in nis lasl
years, and he ended his days in an old army hut on
low lying Sround in a place caled Shadyside.
wElTE, the playcr who noves fte lighler
.oloured picces and paMs. Tbese are regardcd as
whitc men .egardless ot their actual colour.
WEITE, ALAIN CAMPBELL 0880 1951),
American problem conposer, aulhor. and patron.
From his lather he acquired a lifelo.g i.teresl in
chess problems. Each Christnas Iroh 1905 10 I936
he published one or more problem books at his
own expcnsei a lotal oI44 volum€s knosn as lhe
Christmas Senes. Besidcs famous cla$i6 sucb as
D^wsoN and Hundsdoder's Retoerude Akalsij
and wEENTN(is nic Cr.$ Prorlc the series
i. cl ude s collectiotrs otprobicmsbyA. F. MAccN
MANSFIELD, and
other leading composers. For ^N. many yeas lrom
19108 white collecled and classified No-Movris
and lrom the 1920s this Nork was taken over by lhe
English conposer Ccorge llune (1862 1936),1hc
result oi $en labours being kdown as thc whilc-
Hume couection. Hune also nclped White with
some of his books. Anolher collaborator vas
Frank Alhchul (188? ), a Ne! York banker
who, interestcd in printing as an !n, sel u, hh
privare Overbrook Pres at his country home al
Slanford, Connecticul. He and White published
eight problem 6ooks fron 1941 10 1945. The], wcrc
beaulifully produced *ith special typc-faces, pap
er, and even bindingpastci lbe pagesolone book
were damped alter printing to remove the gloss.
All Nere in limilcdeditions otbetween 150 and 400
wlite s other intercsts included - EnSlish,
French, ind llalian litcratB.e (he wrote on Dant
and Carlyle), bolany, on which he Nroie 1wo
books, and the Litchfield (conneclicul) Foundation
shich administered his gift ol aboul 3,500
ades (1,420ha) of land, including a {ild lil!
sanouary. Hc also wroie books on fbe history ol
Lirchlield, where he lived lor 6any ycars.
wHmE, JOUN GRISWOLD (184!1928),
lounder and dono. ol the world s largen chess
library, at Cleveland, Obio. As a boy While sas
lert wnh a bookdealerNhei his moihcr sbopped,
and nc dcvcloped both a love of books and
rapid-reading abilily. He ould giasp esse.tiah
quickly bul was unable to (encmbcr numbcs orto
lcar. byneart A las yei, as his father had been, he
a.hieved bigh honours in bis prolession. White
could play a lair Came otchesstin lriendly combat
silh zuKErroRrduringthc 1880s, although he lost
nosl of lhc games, he is said to have acquitled
himse[ welli but he is renenbered lor hn chess
librar!, abich, tounded upon his falher's collec
WHITE CORRECI'ION 3?7
tion. cvcntuauy consisted of 12,000 books and 428
beantiltrlly caryed cbessden, sone bone, somc
ivory. He issisled the chess hhtorian MlRky by
sending him many photographic @pies and tans
criprs ol ra.e oriental manuscnpb. White\ other
inlere$ included collecling lungi and sailing (be
was a tounder membcr ol the Cleveland Yachl
Club). Able lo rcad, to varying standards, 29
languages, a skill stenning iron his necd lo k.os
nore aboul his chess books- hc was inspned to
.olle.r 60 000 lolumes of folklore and onentalia
which he prescntcd to tbe Cleleland Public
Library Evcry year While took a holiday in the
mouniainsj on one occasion a guide sayine, They
ainl nocoN oan in rbesehere partscn throwlhe
diamondhitchon acayusebeltean him'r aad inthe
monntains he died, in a (cmote carP at Jackson
Lake, Wromina. Hc bequeathed his chess books
and chessoc.. valued at $300,000 for estate
purposes, to rhe clerland Public Library and
provided adequate endosncnr ior the luture.
Futher addilions since hh death bave doubled the
WITITE CORRICTTON, a problen teimrelering
to ahemad,e noves tnat While could makc with
one (occasionaUy mo.e) of his pieces. Onlyone ol
these moves solves tbe Problcm: othes are
attemptcd soludons thal fail. In one sense all
problems shov Whire co ection, bul the term is
uscdonlywhen thenoves inquestionatcrelatcdio
ffi%H
%H%. t
ru%t ffit
@?&"%: %
awdw
A lroblcm by BARrololta, Die S.hwalbe, Aptil
1961. Tlere is a SALF BAmRy on thc diagonal
h1 h7, and While s qucen .ould gile oale iI his
rooks se(c novcd out Dfthe way. Tbe solver n*t
.lis..v.r vhi.h rook \h.uld be noled 6rsl and
where ir should go. The rRrr-s RA. Re5. Rh5,
R\e7, and Re2. thc so-called random moves
(codpare B,xx coRRL.xoN), are aisNered by
1 . . . Od6. In lailing to anricipate or prcvenl this
detence Whire is dccmcd to have commilted an
errori this hc corecrs in the iollowing seven lries
I Rlf,ll gxb3
1 Rei4l D
7*ffi
% ?&.