chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

VACAITON. se LNE !a.^noN
vADAsz, LAszLo 0948- ). Hungaria. player.
I.temationar Grandmaste. (19?6), joint wi.ner of
toumanenrs at Vrnjaika Bsnja 1975, a lie wilh
cr6l6 and osroft, and Budapcst 19?6
(+7=7-1), a de with solMov.
VA(:ANYAN. RAFAEL ARTEMOYICH
(1951- ), a cheerful, exfoverted. and popular
Sovi.t player lrom Ameoia who gained the title of
Inlemadonal Gr.ndmaste. when he was 19 after
raking fiBt prize (+7=8) ahead oI uuBorEub and
L. Z. sE,N itr the vmjaaka Bania toumane.t
191 . In the satue year he shared lourth place itr fte
world Junior Championship, von by tbe swiss
player we erHus(1952 ), and, ansered by his
failure, challenged the winner to a blitz matcb. Itr
sevetr minutg they Played te. gmes, vaganyan
Ninning theD all and taking lwo minutes ro Hu8\
fve. Subseqnently V.ganyan Non toumamenls al
Kmgujelac 1974 (+8=7),Sao P Nlo 1971 {+ 1 :6 ),
Kirovakan 19?8 (+7=8), Las Palnas 1979
(+9=6). Manila 1981 (+9=2), Mos@v 1982
(+6:6-1). shared vith rAL, Halinss 1982-3
(+9:4), and T.lLn 1983 (+6:8-1), equal with
Tal. In nine USSR chmpionships lron 1967 to
1983 his besi scoros were +6=6 3 to share thi.d
p,ace alkningad 194, +7=5 3 to share second
ptace at Yerevan 1975. and +5=7-3to sha.e third
pla@ at Moscow 1983.
ReshevslFvaganyan Skopje 1976 French Defene,
lc{e6 2d4.15 lNd2Nl6 4e5NId7 514.5 6dNc6 7
Ndl3 Oa5 3 Kf2 Bo7 9 ld3 Qb6 l0 Ne2 16 11 exl6
BxI6 12Kg3 qd4 1l cxd400 1,1Rel?
,.wbw 7&t
%ruffitrw:
% w.a%aw
iw *6m,t'ffi
Black nor nakes a decisive ariack on rhe en€my kins,
begidning wirh rh€ advrn@ oI his BAcxwaRD p m. 14
..c5 15fie5 Ndre5 l6de5Bhl+ lTKih4RiB 13
Rl]Q61+ lgBfaQeT+ 20tsg5Oe6 2rBl5R 5 22
Nf4Qxe5 23Qp4Rt 24Qh5Ne7 25s4Ng6+ 26K93
Bd? 2? Rael Qd6 23 Bh6 Raf8 Whne iestns
VAJDA (pron. vyder), ARPAD (1896-1%7),
Hunsa.ian player, lnLrnational M.ster (1950).
Intemational Arbiter ( 1954), nanonal champion in
1928. A. adive bumameni player duing tbe
1920s, vajda achieved his b.st r€s r at Budapesr
1929 when he shded foDrth prize wnh rsoN atter
qp BuNG, RUB'NSBN, ed ramAxoER. vajda
wor a mi.o.loumanent. Srchot 1932, ahead of
do.E, E. srENEr, and L,LrE\{uL, and he played
for his county in si\ Oly6piads fron 19? to 1937.
VALENCIA OPENING, t7, the Spanish name lor
VALUE OF PIECES. A popular scal€ is P=1,
N=3, B=3i. R:s, Q=9. This answes most
purposesj ercepr that three minor piec are
Enally regarded as superior to lhe pair of rooks
beeuw they wort better tosetner. A1$ root and
knisht are nor 6 swenor to the two bishops d the
Every wnter on lhis subjed, wirhout erception,
rightly stre$es that the values ol this or any other
scal€ arc not to be relied upon tor every kind of
positiotr or for every phas of the game, that all
yal&s depend on the nattrre o{ the posidon. (were
tnis nol so then sacrince- tbat common atrd
endoaring chascle.istic of the game, would not be
feasible.) Great playea like raR.ascE and Fts.sB
have valued a bishop abov€ the tnisht, yel dere
are positions in which lh€ kni8ht is plaidy superior.
(See MrNoR Ex.uNGE Ior a @mpa.isn.) A knieht
6rmly anchored in the basic centr. is not gr€ady
inlenor to the rcok, Il is hedly pcsible, h@ever,
to list the multifarioN situations in wbich rhe
naturo ol the posirion modins a set scale ofvalues,
Quasi-scienrific attenpts iave been made to
establish values. Early i. the 19lh cenitrry the
English player ard author Peler Pralt eorked out
six sales, hased on genenl rangE of action. general
faciliry ot raBir, power ol transirive atla€k,
dislodging fa@lty. extra poitrts of supporr, and
ci@m*ribing power. Atter conplicated @colidationhe
arived at the values P=1, N:3, B:3-5,
R=5.5, and O=10.In Bilcmr's rdDBUcE,1843, a
scale based on lhe activity oI lhe Piees $roughout
the eme gave the result: P=1.5, N or B = 5,3.
R=8.6, Q=15.5, whicb seeDs to underualue lh€
paM sri8hlly. srAUmN's lr"rutbook (1U1) e.e.
p=r, N=3.05, B=3.50. R=5.48, Q=9.94. rn
Reeue d tche6, 1916, Vogld based a sale on the