chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

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TWO.PAWNS ATTACK 365 voyag€s, Hording his ob6enations. Itr 1787 he nor neesarily advdlageous. Many other factors, published ano.ynously Cliess, which he intlodued lhus: The lollowing T.ifle is o(ered to not le6t the nature of rhe PA Chess-playe6, 6 a Conpilation ol all the Arccdoles a.d Quolations tbat @uld be found elative the two bishops and sErNrz piorcered the L. p uLsEN nrsr drew atleorion to the power oi lo the gane of chess: with ar ac@unl of all the appropriate iehniqu€ by neans oI which fte Ches-book which @uld be pEued.' He s6 mobilily of the oppositrS tniSht or tnighh @dd be attacked by some revi.wers lor lack of onSiMlity. restnded. Fron the many games he woo in this A seco.d volune came out in 1789. way mateB ale lea.aed hov the player vith the Many yea6 later, under his own name. Twis tnight or knights shonld onduct his play. Today a pubrished a tso volme work , Mbceaa4iet OtA5'). m6ter misht volurarity exchange his bishop fo. a ihe second volume ofwhich contained a snbslanlial knight in lhe opening phase knowing lhal he can supplement to his earlier work .s well as 100 pages dange malt.rs in such a vay thst hG opponent s of stories about dranghB and many topics such 6 two bishops {ill trot gain extensive s@pe. For Kolrplay (gol0, not tnown in any other coDntry exanples which demonst at€ the bishoF' power in llhan lhe Neth€rla.dsl, a yery pleasatrr salutary the endgame or the niddle-8de see Flosr, exercjse, and not atredded with the fatigue of and rArNcs. In th. gane u.der HaBMr white gets ao opon positiotr Twiss nissed little oI importane i. chess, bur never get his bishops actively placed, and in the .lthough LU.ENA ras unkmm to him. He mpied games won by aNDERssEN, NcE6, and rnc the his ext.acts.a.etully in rype style as sel as spelling power of th. bishops is *nously resrricred by the d made lireral lranslations of the foreign exra.h. His own recollections are not always p.ese.ce oI a blocked entre Pasn, reliable. I . . . s6 with [pEtLrDoR] in Pans in 1783, TWO I(NIGIITS DEFENCE,497, a good alternalive for Blacl should he not wish to delend the where I sav his wife. He had at that time 19 children lieing, to none of whom he had raught After 4 Ng5 he nay need to che$. Twi$t brother l€ll in lovo with Mrs Siddoc ecrince a pam,lor which he gers a mnpe.sati.s and maried he. sister Frarces Kenbl€. aunt of the attack. This old opening, tound in crduno (1597) actress Fanny Kenble- and k.own to poLERro, is sometioes caled the Prussian Deletre. (See corN.,DN.E.) TWO BISEOPS. To say that a player has the two bishops usually implies that his opponent h6 TWO XNIGETS VAIIATION, 298, line in the bishop ard knight or two knights instead. Advantage might subsist in lhe posession of the two eeuNN DETENG popular ia the 1950s. bishops, especidy if they @n both oporale on open diagonals and iI the opposing k"ight or TWO-MOVER, a DqECI-utE ProrGM, WIneis lo tnights cd.ot 6trd an anchorage in the GNfuL play iEr and to sive nare on hi3 se@nd move. a aNE. A player vho 'gains' lhe two bishops in the snpul^iroN indicated by the symbol l2(+2). opening mighl @nsider this a potential advantage: he nay hope roopendiagonalslor lhe bishoFlaler TWO PAWNS ATTAC(, 667, ihe 6@ v^rh- 'n the eam€. How€ver, to have the two bshoBs ION Of the ALEruINE DETN'E, 's
UEDEMANN CODE, thc namc incor.ctly Ci,en byFIDE andorhe6tocRr{6MLrH Nor}rioN. Louis Uedenann (18s+1912) saw an aEounr or tbe ielegraphic code delised by Sir Watson Rurheilbrd and wrole ! lcxei publishcd in Rrcntano\ Ch.ss M"nrnlr. Feb. 1882,sarine'it is iolauyunpractical for several .easons. I did not re.d the article entirely. . . .- He proposed giving each square a tro letler desisnadon and transmittins a lour leltcr vord indicating lhe departure and ar.ival squa.es lor each nole (see beloB). Ruderfonjt code remained in use: Uedenann\ ede never AP EP IP OP PO !I PE ?A AL EL IL OL LO LI LE LA AK EK IK OK (O KT KE KA AH EH IH OH HO HI HE HA AG EG ]G OG GO GI GE GA AF EF IF OF FO FI FE FA AD ED ID OD DO DI DE DA AB EB IB OB BO BI BE BA achieved seleral Bood lournament resuhs: Hast ings 197tu, n$t (+5=10) equal Nnh BroDsrein aad HoRri Skopjc 1976, sccond (+t=1 2) alter kReo!i Vrbas 197?, nEi (+5=6)i Halle 1978- lirsr (+6=6 1) equal with FAuc6 and oAA(i and Hallc 1981, f6t (+7=6). Uhlnan. isonc olthc lcw mastes olhn dne lo pin his laith in lhe RIN.H DtrFENc.i he has strengdened many vanations lrom Black\ point otview althoughnone has beennaned after him. re4e6 2d1d5 lNcrBb4 4e5Nc7 5a3Bxc3+ 6btrc3 .5 7 Og.1Oci 8 OxsT Rglt 9 OxhT cxdl l0 Ne2 Nhc6 ll14RdT 12 Qdl 11h.10.0.0 14h5Nf5 15h6 'jx.3 s4 Nh4 21 Ohl ldas4 22 Ng3 RxhT 2r Ne4 UIIMTSEV DEFENCE, 1l4,lhe Soviet nane toi the ?rRc DIFNCE. Anatoly Gavnlolicb Ulinrsev (1911 ) playcd it regularly UELMANN, WOLFGANG (193! ), pro tessional playcr- Intcrnational Grandmaslcr (1959). champion or Easr Germany seven times fron 1954 lo 1976, he played Inst lodd in nine Olymplads lrom 1956 to 1972. nolably scoiing +13:4-l al Tel Aviv in 1964. At fi^l hh inlern2ti{rnrl nn,rnsment res,lr\ were nnelen: tben, iron the nid 1960s, he won or sh.red litst rizc in scvfal srrong cvcnlsr Saratcvo 1961 (+6:9) equal with poruc^yLvskyi Havana 1964 (+11-10) equal with sMtslovr Zagreb 1965 (+9:9 1) equal with ryxov ahead ol pETrosyAN: Szombathely 1966 (+8=r) cqual with DRoNsrnNl Berli! 1968 (+8=5 2) equal with Bronsteinl Ra.ch 1969, azoral tournanent (+ 11=9 1),t$o points ahcad of poRrrs.H who sharcd sccond place. Al Amsterdam 1970 Uhlmann Nas third (+6=7 1) after Polueayevsky and sp ssKy.andin the Palna de Majorca interzonal taterin the year (about caresory 13) he scored +10:8 5, shared lilih pLace, and becane . cINrDAEibul he losl the qua(er-linal aeainsl LAisEN. UhlBann w.s no1 sDc.esstul in subscquent inlcrzonah. bui he Black tror sacrifices a piccc ro cnablish a fatal prN on the longlighi squrrdia8of,l 2:l .Nxe5 241xe5ts.6 1i tsd3Kc7 26K2Rh5 27REOg3 23BI4NiB 2'rQrl'5 Rxtu l0 Oh6 Ng5+ Whirc rcsiAos. ul(IlalNLAN VARIATION. 142 in rhe orD rNDraN DEFENCE, a line anxlysed and playedby Ukriinians I-TLVESTAD VARIATION. 505 in the mo NrcErs DEFENCE. anallsed by ulvestad in cltc$ Rcd,- 1941 Aho,l?2, an EvaNscaMBn variation popular ir the seond baliol the l9thcenlury and played, iorex.nple, by rcuso againsl ANDTRSS.N in thcir maicb ol1861. The Anencan player ola! ulvcnad 0912 ) retired to Spain and played lor Andora in the Siegen Olynpi.d, 1170. tNBLOCK, to makc a Fr orr in thc KN{fs EILD by moving a*a, a man oI lhe same colour as the kingilhe nove made for this purpose. The lem n used bl cotuposers: a player *ould sa! he was n.king an escape square.
Page 2 and 3:
The game of ches exerts a fascinati
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THE OXFORD COMPANION TO CF{ESS DAVI
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PREFACE No game has surpassed chess
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS THE authoE and pub
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ABBAAA DEFENCE.582, standard line,
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16 Kxe2 RcB 1713 b5 13 cib5 axb5 19
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game againsr Adolf C!:nk in lhe Kol
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l+o=b-2r dller BonrNNrr, Capablanca
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AI-GEBRAIC NOTATION 9 ,ct ro be dis
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ANDERSON 11 and oilen look less lim
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AnJenseFL. Paulsen Vienna 1373 Phil
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this squa.e ineffe.- tive, a manauv
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ASETAPADA, an ancienr Indian ra@ ga
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posal was oade by Dr zboriet of Pra
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BACEMANN, LUDWIG 0856 1937), one ol
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BARING CHESS 23 % t i w % ,9 b4 (wr
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BASIC ENDGAME 25 posnionrhar can be
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BELYAVSKY 27 xJ2 Bxg3+ is threatene
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BERLINER 29 noted rhat (l d4 c5)2.1
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BIRD 31 move, Ircm rhree lo nve and
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BISHOPS OF OPPOSITE COLOUR 33 Tso b
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he playcd. and relreshing himself r
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Philidor plarinp blindJ.ld at Px$lo
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Dr!\cnnnathe,d\mlcottr/hte!lpuM)t4N
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cur back his chess activiies. Hh Ni
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choicc of moves. These artistic req
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BOO(, k.own infornalion ahoui tbc o
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BOURDONNAIS 47 DOTVINNIK VaRIATION.
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BRINCXMANN 49 Frar Clenens Honoratu
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BUCKLE 51 shosing what mighl have o
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No-Movd conPose6 of his gene.ation.
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ioumament 1896. this defe.ce w6 use
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cibler ollhe 158 march and tournane
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caRO VARTATION- 44-1 in ib knorm \i
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.rss.. Caxton\ t.nshiior oI Cesol.\
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Checknare is a unique charactcrisli
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N. I. Greko!, M. /. cl4,r;n (1939)
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CLEAN SCORE 67 CTRCULAR CEESS. see
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novel kind of .lock was prorided by
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7E ol Jamaica and H. F. W. La.e of
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COMPANION SQUARES, COMPDNSATION, ad
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BRowNE played this ending against r
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CONTROI- NOTATION 77 eration is the
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R.8 15b.rNcd7 16Bg3Nb6 17Qb3Nfd5 l8
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CRACOW VARIATION 8I 7r. C/'6r C,n.
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CYC]TC PLAY 83 outsranding analrsr,
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DABBABA..n uno.thodox LtaPER used i
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DEMONSTRATION ROARIJ 3? a% "ffifrw
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tsla.l iniourcednaloin three by23.
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DIAGRAM, a piclorial representation
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DoMINATIoN, a study lem indicating
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The objecr, morc often than no1, n
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DUPI-EX 9? comncnls on the Sxde arc
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DUr'CIl VARIATION. 39. a standard l
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pa of the bod! qhrch rr A dcstred t
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ENGELS !03 FIDE title system is lou
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as ambasador. ln relurn d'6onwas sc
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nasrer, and rhey have been tanstaEd
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entre. AIso 414 in the spaNrss opEN
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EALKBEER VARIA'I ION, 321 . la Scha
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A posnion bl tne French inalyst Pie
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chess ser and sood became deeply ab
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Mt 60 Memorobk eMd. a classic of pa
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Ii$l pria ahead of Bogoljubow, L L.
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seond board lor bis suntry in tbe O
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Masaz c (Dec.1786). This essay in p
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FYFE GAMBTT i25 saved.19.. . Bxh2+
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GELLER I27 1833) in 1813 and by Bre
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trutto della Munieta di Gilocar'a S
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whouyto problens.In 1924 holh thc c
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cach player'ssecond rankcould be ad
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GA(A orGADAforWhite. SAWA oTSAPA fo
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2r e5 eb ?2 Ogl Nrs 23 Ne4 ts$3 ?4
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Whrre \ I]a{n on rl r r hrlfPc$ed l
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There was 6uch a.rimony between riv
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Ilaingunoflicially adoptcd a. l lye
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conquerorsolSicilyshortlyafterwards
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HUBNER 14? rr rN.oDened htrchesr dn
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I IBCA, thc Intenratioml Braille Ch
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INTERFERENCE ]5I to be faia!. In mn
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TVKOV 153 ou$clves adopl it. We dis
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J'ADOUBE. A waming givcn by a playe
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JUNGE 157 forerunner ol thc problem
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Kaeov in 1932 L€nidgrad Universir
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HebecamcacaNDrD^Ebywinning(+?=6)the
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KERES 163 and having lew opportunit
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0'0 g6 7 Rcl Bg7 3 h3 Nh6 I Ncr b6
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KNAAK 16? caied play iollowing 3 .
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KOLISCH 169 KNIGIIT WEEEL, a proble
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sdnine the soviel masicr tiilc (195
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KROCIUS I73 rhe (rcnuNr hcciN 19 Oh
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KUPREICEIK. VIKTOR DAVIDOVICH (1949
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delearollvko!(+4:3 l)rhenalossloTal
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1914, a historic event because Capa
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playc$ from Riga, in particular by
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FwIs 133 men1, ln narch play he del
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LDWIS COUNmR-GAMBIT, 335, an aggres
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the G..r.Il,.hrc, neady nnished, wa
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LtvlNG CHESS 189 Anong the many poe
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Thc hmiLiar GREE( crF rollo*\ 2l Bx
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L6PEZ-4TANUTIO COTNTDR.GAMBIT. 569
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idea- although manyye rspasscd bclo
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MCCUTCmON VARIATION. 640. a line in
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t7Qh6+ Krh6 rsNhr5+ Bxf5 19Nxl5+ (h
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€ndgme,havebecomcstandardized. (S
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was not conducive to success 1n sho
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MARSHALL DEFENCE 205 York in 1896.
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as rhe grh centu4 are on rc.ord, bu
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a1 15 he won (+3=3) the 6nal (or pl
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The play is somelines said to show
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nlemaiional Grandmaster (1982). He
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MODEL MATE 215 Tara*h-Tci.hiann O$e
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playemi bur he would not !isi1 thc
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While and 39 or 40 single nov6 by B
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N, a symboliorthe knieht ohen uscd
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NEWSIAPER COLUMNS 223 NEUMANN. GUST
Page 234 and 235:
temporarily retired) lrom ahoul 192
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indicaEs clearlylhrtir is whitcvho
Page 238 and 239:
OBLIGATORY CEECT, a term u*d by Idr
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was little advance md the l9th i th
Page 242 and 243:
inplying the .eciprocal relationshi
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white cannotplay I Nl6+ because thi
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PACITMAN, l-LrDiK (1924 ). Czech-bo
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An.r long derence Blact bc8nr hn.tu
Page 250 and 251:
PAULSEN VARIATION 2,1I Quiet .nd un
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any player in thc world. None of bi
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seak or otheoise. Exanioation may r
Page 256 and 257:
asainst iAENrscn nr the 1840s. Serg
Page 258 and 259:
was the nore proDablc cause. (See D
Page 260 and 261:
tbe frrs1*nler ro exahine a BAsrc E
Page 262 and 263:
ioblcm by Shinkman. D.,rdi, Ire? Pr
Page 264 and 265:
%z % A study; poco$ANis that von se
Page 266 and 267:
twtrfi.t %* %'& t wt% w % tst* w- F
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publishedbisanalysisinDearsches Wac
Page 270 and 271:
E. Varnusz. .S.l..l?l (;an6 af Lajo
Page 272 and 273:
Bla.l nos makes a p.sirional srrili
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The evenl thlt kindled the enlhusil
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(li-Ehmins wa, becausc of thc short
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PSEUDO-TWO-MOVER, a kind ol problen
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Q, the English languagc symbol for
Page 282 and 283:
RABAR, BRASLAV 0919-r3). Yugoslav p
Page 284 and 285:
RAT OPENING 2?5 ard sele.ts a piece
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RFjFLEX CtlESS. an unorrhodox gamc
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1925 he played 29 blindf old games
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A pionccr problem by an unkroNn con
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stalionary shootinS ns target oil t
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naring continuation rhat v.s nol av
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Engl.nd, Germany. a.d India around
Page 298 and 299:
...Ngl 2Nd4.AfterthekeyiBI4(threale
Page 300 and 301:
s, aslmbol ior lhe knight(GernanJp,
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In 1634 he published 1/ P,ri,o, all
Page 304 and 305:
SAVON. VL,ADIMIR ANDREYEViCH (1940-
Page 306 and 307:
Schlechteis laler achielemenls in.l
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anorhei 16 games and back g.nes in
Page 310 and 311:
SCOTCH GAME 3l]I inte.est in dank o
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sealed arc Nritlcn on tbe envelope.
Page 314 and 315:
lron those oI the Tarrasch Deledce,
Page 316 and 317:
SHATRANJ 307 sqnares are on hisodd-
Page 318 and 319:
SHORT, NIGEL DAVID (1965 ), Enghh p
Page 320 and 321:
SISIlR SQUARES 311 SICIIRJONSSON, G
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the cenrre pasns scrc adranced late
Page 324 and 325: i ,5tt t %wt "&,%ru 20 Bb7 (Blrck!
Page 326 and 327: Black mu$ conccdc nor spae in rhc .
Page 328 and 329: man.csin l930 rscoreol+5=5 3bshrren
Page 330 and 331: SQUEEZE 32I 18 Os,l Ob5 19 Oc4 Od7
Page 332 and 333: A position f.on rhe gane N. hoscki-
Page 334 and 335: S'I'AUNTON 325 to rccruil Ameicans
Page 336 and 337: about chess be lenrned by himsell.
Page 338 and 339: 1972,second (+6=81 afler Polusaye,s
Page 340 and 341: oad, nh bearins sturdy. IHis leatur
Page 342 and 343: STRATEGY ]33 SIIPULATIONS, inslrlct
Page 344 and 345: striving to win: To gain a lourname
Page 346 and 347: clined; 634 in the rxEN.s DEENCE. T
Page 348 and 349: yearFl0o 000 no!e, conrains 22 game
Page 350 and 351: TAIMANOV 341 gxn3, and \:!tne has t
Page 352 and 353: Sbo ly alter losi.g the title Tal n
Page 354 and 355: % 7Z&, H@ &s*t"& %&m .r1r . . . d5
Page 356 and 357: A pos un trcm lh€ Scme BoNrntrrk
Page 358 and 359: A position from the gane Gligona El
Page 360 and 361: correc{y played game siould cnd in
Page 362 and 363: TIME 353 deleated G. wALrcR and oth
Page 364 and 365: .I'IMING OF MOVES 355 given penod o
Page 366 and 367: sound enough for the higheslhonou6.
Page 368 and 369: the results ohtained by applying EI
Page 370 and 371: showed the winning procedurer I Ka3
Page 372 and 373: TtJR( 361 Thc Toik, displayed so as
Page 376 and 377: UNCAPTURE, to rctract (takc back) a
Page 378 and 379: VACAITON. se LNE !a.^noN vADAsz, LA
Page 380 and 381: 2l h4f6 22h5Bif 23Os4Kh3 24Nh4 Nbl
Page 382 and 383: Conpositio6 rhen i1 was i.trodrced
Page 384 and 385: AL\iscE. walkcr esrablished rhe cus
Page 386 and 387: uy a car Bhen he landed and scll it
Page 388 and 389: woLF l7q srrArr. but of drbious ner
Page 390 and 391: worzburger. Black\ bhhop on c2 iS t
Page 392 and 393: YUSUPOV 383 shared find dace alter
Page 394 and 395: in the second world war and in 1949
Page 396 and 397: Samnch NiDovitch Copcnlra8en 1921 Q
Page 398 and 399: APPENDIX I OPENINGS O pEN r N G lin
Page 400 and 401: lhdet 01 None.l t)FninBs ddJ vanatt
Page 402 and 403: thd.\ ol Naned Openiryt and variati
Page 404 and 405: l,tlc\ ot l\ou?tl Opchnps ahd vattu
Page 406 and 407: lhdex oJ Narud Opekiass and vatidti
Page 408 and 409: lnder oJ Namdl Opehings ahd ratidti
Page 410 and 411: Iadex of Naded Operings atd yatiuti
Page 412 and 413: lndo of NaheJ OphtnBs and va, idt o
Page 414 and 415: APPENDIX II GLOSSARY OF CHESS TERMI
Page 416 and 417: Glossart of ChN TeminoloLy npoEE rc
Page 418: 0- 1,1 ;q0-8 ,|ffi[ ||il1 192 ffill
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chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld