chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

364 TURTON DOUBLING
nrst dodmed, then obsened, and finally revcaled
by a forner opeiator Poe\ esay has been dediled
wirh dis@very of the secret by dedndive logic. In
fact P@ addod alno$ norhing new and tr6 wrong
about much that was already knowni bul this line
the publict belief in the Turk wd nrepeably
Who operated the machirc duing Kedpelen\
liletine is not knoM. Among the operators after
hk death were aLreMR, ALEhNDnEj Mouet, atrd
his equally gitted @6pa1riol Boncoul, also
wilhelm schlumberser (..1801-38) who ravelled
to lhe USA tor this purpose dd Nas ptobably the
st.ongest player there. Napoleon is laid lo have
plaied the machine wilh Allgai€r inside and dere
are varying aeounrs of the engaSenent. This
dighl be true but the game olten published as
arising lrom this encounler is spurious, lite the
other two games supposedly played by Napoleon
and published from tiBe to tine.
A romanticized fiction based on the Turk
develop.d after its d4lretion. For a play ,a
Czar € perfotued in Paris in 1868 lhe i.nos
m.gi.ian Roberl-Houdin nade a ches machine
wilh a dMny looking nore like a Europeatr
,r.hemisr rhin ^
-rdk A noieL Tne Turkirh
Autoruton, by Sheila Braine was ptrblished in
London in 1899. and ir 1926 a silearnld. Le Joueut
d'l.re.r, appeared, lo be fonowed in 1938 by a
Chades MicMel CaroU, Ire Cleat Chess Auto-
Heny Tuton (1832-81) moved to Bnrton-o.-
Trent where hc composed problens tu the early
185G and becane co-foundor of a chess club, 1854.
subsequently he gave Dp conposing, neied,
settled i. Derby. and pusued his career as a
IWINS, lqo or nore compositions consisting ol
almost idenrical positions but with distincrly dit
tere.t $lulions. The dissimilarities ol the set
positioN, hovever, should be slighl: the removal,
addilion, or re positioning of one na., replacemenl
oI of,e mar by another, or a shifi oI the whole
position, intacli to another parl of the board.
Cbnposs have somelim.s amNed themselves
and solves trith progressive twi.s: position A h
changed to position B which is in tum changed to
positionC, atrd son. Each change is sligil but the
l6t posnion oI a series may difier considerably
%t%,
w wtw
wtffi
www A w
TURTON DOUBLING, a problem mmeuvre
usmg hne-pieces: piece A ,s moved alonB a linc
a$os( a square ro wh'ch piece B s moled. and
piece B'is ften noled along the line away from
piece 'A . The object of doubling (in thn or atry
other way) is that o.e piee shall suppo.t the other.
(comparo ZTPLER Do@LING.)
w%7e
ww
wwru
+3
Th. pio.e.r problem by Tunon, lldndkd London
|v.rs. 1856. I Bh8 (a.rn.^L nove) 1 . . b4
2 Og7 Ra8 3 Oxb2. Unfortu.ately there are
@06: 1Og1+K, 2Bb4or1Bb4.(Theaddition
of a white pawn at 82 or b6 vould nake a sound
Born at Shipston-on-Stou. i. WaMickslrire,
Too composirions by pRoKEs lhal *on 6Et pnze i.
the Louma tourney for twin sludies, 1942. (Josef
l,una. 1898-1955. was a Cach player and
composer. ) In rhe 6Bt of the twins white wi.s by I
e7+ IGeT 2 d6+ Ke8 3 g7 Rg8 ,l Kt6 RA+ 5
Kg5 Rs8 6 Kg6 Rtt 7 sxA=O+ Kxit 8 Kf6,
whc. he has the ophsrroN. In the second lwin
wh e ir sl,lem.red: l r+ Kr{7 2e6+ KeR ih?
Rh8 4 Kg6 Kds 5 l(87 Ke8 6 Kxh8 KI8. (For
other examples s.e EELPMATE and zERo rcsmoN.)
T1{ISS. RICHARD (1747 1821), English wdter
who lr,velled 27 000 miles and nade 16 sea