chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

324 STANDARD NOI'ATION
snbsequenl whcrcahouls are nol knowd. He may
bave t.alelled io Oxford around 17@ Jbr sn
william.robes. chess player and creator ol.^rssA,
mentionedthal atthistimc hcin!ited a Syrianlrom
London lo teach him Arabic.
Ol $e game Stamma wnlesr 'If yotr brine oul
yourpieces loo soon, belore you have opened thcir
Road. the! sill conline your Pdl,ns, and croud
,our Camc . . . h se.cral it h hest to bnns oul
,our Pieces under rhe ?rotcction ol your Pdur
. . . He adlocales bolh the o!EE\'s cAMBrr and
the BIRD AnA.(. His interen in pasn pla, and
au.rN's srDE naneulring indicales hn preterence
for a posiiional game rathcrthan rhe dncd atracks
recomnended bt most olhn predecessors.In the
cEmE GAME he recommedds the PAILSEN .nA.(.
His l01l problems .re sinilar in kind ro fie
vANsnu,ir ol thc old gamc, but using modern
pieces The problems ( about 18 are worthy ol
notice. wntes poNzhN, wer repinted many
times, Eost recendy in 1979j the! nay h.ve
.eawakened intcrcst in ihe probLcm arr bur they
showlilde advance in itsdevelopment lle givesa
lewinteiesdnglacts about the old gnne withwhich
he was lamiliar in his ],oulh, and lrom ahich
perhaps he derived his posnional approach to the
gamc. Hiswerc rhe nrstbooksoirhenodern gane
in wbich eaNDaRo NorAroN Nas used.
STANDARD NOTATION, a nethod olrecordine
the moves of a game. sonetines knorvn as
co-osrN^1r NohrnrN (olwhich iti n exafrple),
algebraic notation, or more rarely conlnrcntal
nolalion Files are entilied alphaberically, ranks
nume.icallyj and cach squarc is uniquely.anedby
n\ file lener 3nd r?nk nnnrher in rh,i.rn.r
,a $.a 6*
ea y$ ca
$\ rz \ az \l rz !i\.az
,o$"0$,o\$ee$
S as $das \$ rs )$ rs
aa t!( .a \s e, liA 9a
a.: \$
a.: ${ r.: $ ,ra
,z$$"2$ "z\$
s.z !$
or \$ ar \\ r \i\ r,r
WHITE
On acounr of ns clarn! and brcvity slandard
nolation has bccomc increasingly popular in the
last two and a hall enrunes and is nou the onlt
notation reognized by FIDE lor ovrR-rHE-BoaRD
play. lt is also the only one used on.hess playine
.owrr.Rs Thcrc are tNo main veBions: full. in
which bolh depanure and airiral squares arc
namedi lnd abbrcliatcd, in which the depa ue
square is oanedonlywhen e$ential In the lomer
the noves of the KtNc's NIcHr GAMBIT Bould be
wnuenle2 e,le7 e5 2i2 14 e5x14 lNal t3.
nr the latter I e,l e5 2 tlci INA Inbolhthe
svmboh lor picccs arc eiveD and the synbol for
prsn omirted. Thereareversions tbar i.ll between
these lwo. e g l el e5 2ll exE I N$ as uscdin
th$ book. In lbbrcvialcd notation checks (+) as
sell as .aplurc siens (: or ) are olten omirLed.
Intnflnation abont the deParrure squar. is nccc*
sary il two pieces ol the samc kind.ould be moled
to the afival square. Suppose While novei a
tnighr to c3i il his N! Lnights werc o. a2 and b5
rh. 'novenn,ldterenderedNa.l
or Nbc3. orilhis
koighrs were on a2 and a4 N2c3 or N4c3. For EN
pf,ssANr caplures the arival square is gilen. For
cmmple. aier l d4c5 2d5e5whitccouldcapture
ctr pd$?,, 3 d5xc6 cp or de6 (Only in the
specialiTcd ficld oI klrocuDE ANArysrs qould
rhis move be shown as d5!e5 ep ) lhc s,vmbolfor
pasD n sonetines gile h annotations. e g Pe,l
in*e,d.fe4 so as lo make clearthal a nove and
nol the squarc k intended
Stlndard notation is parricuhrly valuable to
thosc who rearl widel!.s il is subsranliaUt lhe same
in alllanguages. Countrics such aslhe USSRrvhicb
hale rhe Ctrilli. alphabet use rhe Latin alphabcl
lor this purpose There are ninor dificren.es ol
usage. Where Soliet books give Cll c4 or C:d
GerBans would write Lll c,1: or Lc,l: ud tbe
English vcnion sould be BI1xc,1 or Brc4. (See
STANLEY, CIIARLES HENRY (1819 1901).
plarer trom Brighton in England Nh. gavc r
po{erlul iinleius to chcs in America. ll. W.
Porcrt (f 1835). a strons Ilamburs player ten
porarily residenl in London and sriuNroN\ match
opponenr in 1840, galc lcssons lo StaDley who,
ieceiring pa{n and move. defeated Staunton in
18,11 (+l=1 2). Abour rwo yea$ later stanle!
moledro theUSA $here he delelted lhcsrrongcsl
playeisin Nes York lnd laun.hcd America\nrsl
ch.$ colum. in Ik.srd dlrr Imcs (l Marcb
18,15 ,1Oct. 1848). The column contains rhe 6rsr
chess problen ro be published in Aneiica. ln
a Barch lor a sraNe o1 $1,(l0ll hc dcfcatcd the
Nci! Orlca.s bank clerk Eugine Rousseau
(+15=8 8). MoRpHt artended. and the nxtch dn!
sell hire inspired bn inGrest in the gane. Thc
lblloqing year Stanlcy Nblished lrrry-o,c
Gdft.s d. Cr?ss. America\ 6rst book ola march,
becamesecretaryoirheNewYorkchesclub.and
lbunded the,4ne./.4, C,i.rs MdEazide (184G1).
1hi\ 1rd lhp ah.{ Pnllnlnl ahd Mothnnti.al
S2/,rr share the distinction oI being Amenca s
6nt ches journals. He edired a chess colunn in
711.,4/DDd ( 1848-56) and through this he nrel and
asisted L,lwLNrH^1. a penniless relugee, in 1849.
Marcbes wnh Lii{emhal id 1850 andSA'Nr-AMANT
in 1852 sere draw! (+3-3. +,1-,r). A minor
problcmGt. orienraror olone kind of Fo.ar pl^t.
Stanley promoted America\ lnsr.onposidg toui
In rhc samc ycar he bccame inlolved in a
diplomatic incidenl. The British were altemptins