chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

A position f.on rhe gane N. hoscki-Tartakower i
Jurata 1937. Aiter lllack\ staircase molement 32
. Qb5 33 Kgl Oc5+ 34 Khl Qc,l 35 KBl
Od,1+ 36Khlplayconrinued36...Oel 3?Ocl
Odl l8 Kg1 Qd4+ 39 Kh1 Od2 and Uhiie
STAKES, In tne l9th centlrynatchcsse.e usually
played io. stakes. For the srANlE,-Rousscau
narch o11845, whicb could be regarded as the firsr
cvent to dccide ! national chanpionship. the
stakes were $1.000 srAUNroN playcd SAINr-AMANT
in1843forstakesoM00 In1858voRpHydeleated
rnwENmAL, then skuCgling to eam a living ar
chess, anduscd hisNi.ni.g stalic oftlol)10 tumnb
Ldwenlhal s house. srErNrrz played most of his
nalches for stakes which were usually .aised by
sponsos, the winnercustonlrily receivine part of.
perhaps half, lhc winning srake. whe. he played
BrkD in 1866 he gave stake-odds of,l:3, probably
raising hn osn moner. That tbe ginner sbould
take all became unacceptabte as the nuaber oI
prolc$ional playc( incr.ased and in allimporrant
matches since 1886 the loses hav€ receilcd somc
Paynenl. Reord s takes were raise d for tbe sorld
championship narch oi 1972. EscsER receiving
$r56,250, SPA$N $93-?50.
STALE, an old word tor stalenntei to eive or to
STALEMAIE, a position inwhich aplaycrwhosc
tu.n il is lo nove is neitber in check nor able to
make a movei 10 pu1 a player in such a posnion.
Slalemalc e.ds rhc gamc. which is thcn drawn
(Neirher player can subsequenily lose o. time.)
In practice nalenare oeurs only in the ends,mc.
a dlawing resource lo( rhe delender. (see
fo. one of thc
besr knovn exanples.) The tolloNing positions,
give, in FoRSrs NorAnoN, shoN so6eolrhebasic
endgames ahich are drawn by stalcmatc rcgardless
oI whose tum it is to play:
K?/2k5/P7l40 I .7 Kc3 .r I Kr7 K.3 2 (h6
KbS 3 a?+ Ka8 ,1l