chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

lron those oI the Tarrasch Deledce, lor Blact is
not saddled with an isolated pawn. Play might
continue 6 e4 Nxc3 ? bxc3. when White has a
cussrcAl CDNRE and Black is poised lor counterattack,
a situation analagou ro that in the
i?6, ol ihe cRiiNFELD DE-
FENCE. The fitsI knom o.curre.ce ol the semi
Tarasch Vanadon sas in the 38tb nalch gane,
BourdonnaiFMcDoDne[, 1834. (See $oLAED
AUEEN\ TAWNi SPASNi SIiSLBERC.)
SERIES-MOVER, a FArRy pRoBLE i. which one or
bolh sides nake a series of stNGE-MbvEs sbile the
other side does not move. Two types may be
rega.ded as standard: the s€des helpmate (sht)
and the senes help{1al€mare (shp). In ftese Black
begins play and makes lhe sliPulated number of
single-novcs, then White nales one single-moYe
gilingmareorstalenate. Blact may not give checl
except on rhe lasr ofhis moves no. nove hn king
inlo check, but the rule Iorbidding RErRosrA.EMArE
(3 iI ar any dme it night be whnes
tnrn to play) is not univeFally a.cepled. There are
other kinds otseries-mover, including ihe zIGzAc.
The idea, dating lron medieval timcs and promoted
by D^wsoN, has also bcen nsed lor some
unorthodor Sades such
pnocRF-ssrE .H.ss. and one lorn ol MUsr cAmnE
A problem by GrnELr that won 6rst pnze in the
l.?ea.na.n toumey,1966. Black plays 5 Pcl=B,8
Bh2, 11 Br7, 13 Ke8. 16 Bhl. t9 Be7.2t Kcl,22
Bd6,2,1Ka5,25 Bb4. and While plays Qa6male. A
black bishop is used lor BUTLDTNG a BRTDCE on ibe
1lth, 19th, add 22nd 6oves.
SET PLAY! or apparent play, a line oI play,
p.oided intenlionally by a conposer, lhar could
occurifBt.ck were 10 move 6st in a orREm MArE
pRoBr-EM or if White Nere 10 move 6rst in a
HELpM^E. In a direcr nare problen er play
pernns the srPukroNs io be met 6 ,l an
antecedenl single-movc had been played byWhite.
In a dnect mate rwo-moyer,Ior ex.mple, setplay
would consist of a black nole answered by ashile
II a position sere a Bd( lhere would be set play
Ior every black nove. More omdonly rhere is sel
SHATRANJ 305
play lor a lew black noves, or lhere is none. A
mnposer somefimes constuds a Problen in
which Noo. mole lines olsetpl.y are confasted
virh ivo or m.re v:rirrions ofthe solution. a lorm
of chaneedplay. (Forexample
TEEM!, ANd AGORU]rc THEME,)
SEVENTH RAN(, tbe opponedis se@nd rank
whe.e his pavns (and in the array. A rook is ofte.
well placed on rhe selenlh rank from wbere it can
auach pawns laterallyillheyhave not been noved
and tion rhe rear otheNise. (For exanples sec
r^sp^Rov ,nd i7Au6I Rooks doubled on the
seventh rant, as in ihe games Siven under ADou,lN
and sMErxAL, nsualty bring decisive advantage.
SEVENTII RANr ABSOLUTE. A rook estabhhed
on its sevenlh rank and thereby confi ning lhe
enemy ting b ns back rank.ontrols rhe absolure
seventh. NrMzowrrs.d coined lhe teronodngthat
a player olte. eai.sdecisive advaniage by havinga
SHAME MATE. a tem once used in lceland and
no* obsolete to desfibe an inlerjor way oIlosi.g.
Ahong the mates considercd disgracetul pe.e
tnose given by a pawn, and rhose given 10 a king
thal vas on a co.ner square or in the cenfie oi the
board or, wosr otall. ro an unnoved kine.
SHAMKOVICII. I,EONID ALEXANDRO.
VICH 092! ), Russian-born playe., Inrernatio.al
cmndmaste. (1965). He won rhe RsFsR
(RDsian Federariod) ChaopionshiF in 1954 and
1956, and conpeted in rhe USSR Championship
si\ tines from 195.1 to 1972, shari.g frfth piace ai
his lourth atrempt in 1964. His best intemadonal
touroanent resulrs were in the 1960s: Moscos
1962, eqral thnd after AERBAXE and vAsyukovi
Mari nske Lrzoe 1965, thnd (+6=9) alter HoR'
ard xERnsi and Sochi 1967. lirsl (+6=8 1) equal
with K(ocrus. srM^crN. sPss(, and A. N. zArrsEv.
In 1975Shankolich emigraledtolsraelRh€re
he won the open championship. In the folloMn8
year he won the US Open Champiodship, halinB
noved by way of Canada io the USA Nh.ie he
setued. He tied with solm lor 66t pnze at Nev
Yo.k 1977 Gatesory 8).
SIIATRANJ, lhe ve$ion of the old game used in
Islanic count.ies for more than a thousand years.
The aray was simila. to tnat otthe nodcrn game
bnt in place oI the queeneach playerhad a uiziN
(F) dd in the phce oI each bisbop a ril (A). Pawns
.ould be mo,ed ofllyone square ar a time (which
slowcd the ope.ingphase) and could b. promoled
onlyto frzans. There wrs no such nove as casilinS
A player @uld win by checkm
by stalematins his oppo.enl. Tbe relarive value of
the pieces as siven by as snli may be comPa.ed