chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

BACEMANN, LUDWIG 0856 1937), one ol the
eady chroniclen of ches. A1a time when it was
unuualto creale a rccord ofmntemporaryevenrs
Bachmann lamched a series oI yeabooks: lron
1891 ro 1896 they overed sequenrially the events
of modem chesr from 189? to 1930 eacn year\
events werc covcrcd in one o. more lolunes. He
aho pnblish€d a fon.-volume work inlended to
include all of srENrrz\ knoM ganes, and he
qrote books @nraining the games ol ANDERSSEN.
Pnr-suuRY ,nd .HARousn(. He wrote several
histori@l studies of which,46 vdE@gden Zeit
lt92o 2) and D6 schachspkt und seine histotis.he
E n h! ic kl un I (t924) ar e the best loown Bachmann
was a senio. offcial on the Bavarian railway a.d
chess was a spde-time activily. His records onlain
many ercrst but he attempted mlch and was
breakirgnew g.oundi he earned his nickname,thc
BACr GAME, a game that, by dgreenenr betNeeo
the playe.s, is comnened fron a PGition anivcd
at h a gane played previously. usually b€i*een lhe
sime playe6; an old name ior a vdiadon,
especially onc thal continnes lor manymoves. For
examplei pHrLrDoR,tuthefisleditionof hisbook,
gives nine games .nd, sra.ting from certaitr
positions in those games. 33 back games.
BAC(-RANK MAIE, a king nared on its bach
(6rst) rank by a rook or queen on ihe same 6Dk.
sonetines the lina cannol bc moved foNard
bccaurc ii is obstruded by its own pas.s. Such
mates ra.ely o(nr in naster play but are @mon
iy threarened; and are !sed, for example, in tne
game given under uNzr.(ER to helF lhe wi.ner
t
ffi % %iffi
'&ew% %'&
ww
ruruW&l
ww&n
% "t&&, ffi
ln an exhibition aame against BERNSETN, Mosow,
1914, cApABuN.A here played 29 . . . Ob2 winning
t
a rook (30 Oe1 Qrc3, or 30 Rc2 Qbl+), .nd ir
White himself threareN a backrank mate
(30Od3, Rd3, or Rcs) Black *ins by 30 ...
Qal+. (see gane alesedly won by Adans mder
BACTWAR.D PAWN, a pawn that can neirher be
guarded by, nor bc advancd with lhe support oI.
another pawn; is not blocked by an enenypa*ni
d is reslraiftd fron advancing by an e.emy
pawn on an adjoining filc. Such a pawn often ldcts
mobility, and nay bccome a source of*eakness.
However, its lalent power discounted by an
a&e6ary, il nay somelimes be advaned unex-
In tne fi.a! World Chanpionship qualifying
march, 191, the first game between nscsEr
(white) and pEnosyN began 1e4 c5 2NBe6 3
d4 cxd4 4N!d4Nc6 5Nb5d6 6BI4e5 7Be3
Nl6 8Bs5Be6 9Nlc3a6 10 Bxf6 gxl6 11Na3
Black's pawns ai d6 and f6 .re backward: neither
@be.dvanedwith the supporr oI another pawn.
Nelerthetess, he played 11 ... d5, and after 12
exds Bxa3 13 bx63 Oa5 14Qd20tr0hebad.
sarisfa.tory position. (see also BMmRouGs and
BAD BISEOP. A player's bishop is a bad bishop
rhen obsincted by his om pavns. If these cannot
be moved out of the way the.e wilt be squares ot
one colour that neither they nor tbe bishop can
ontrolt the disadvantage ot such a mlouR wEM
NEss @mbined with the bad bishop\ lack of mobil
ity maybe fatal. as in thc gamcsgiven under cREs
and MYsllRrous Roo( MovE.
BAGIROV. VLADIMIRKONSTANIINOVICH
(i936 ), soviet player, International Grandnm
ler(1978) From1960lo19?8nc@mpctcdinnine