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stalionary shootinS ns target oil the board withour<br />
o@upying the vlcaled squlre. an acrion thar<br />
Caplurcs can bc madc in no<br />
olherNay and onlyone al a line. A check lrom a<br />
line piece thar has nade a caprure can.or be<br />
answercd <strong>by</strong> intcrposiig a man o. thc squarc o1<br />
captnrc ln thc position 24l1BlRb3rQ/5K2/4n31<br />
4rk1r(rcNy'd No'r"ot) white could play I Qxel<br />
or Oxhl (neitber move gives check). I OI2+<br />
answered <strong>by</strong> I . . . KxD, or I Bxe2+ when Black<br />
cannol reply l Rc2. Scabrook was probably<br />
unaNarc that simila. capturing merhods had been<br />
tried earlyin the 19th cenlLrry in an Italianversion<br />
RIGA VARIATION, 190. Named from a cooev<br />
pondence eame Berlin Riga, 190G7, tbis line in<br />
the sP^N,s! oPENrNc was abandoned alter CAPA<br />
DraNca showed an adv,ntagc lor Whitc in a<br />
<strong>to</strong>urnamcnr gamc aeains Ed. Las(Li. NeN York<br />
1915.<br />
RINCK, HENRI (I870 1952) RinckandrRorrTxy<br />
are righlly regardcd as the principal founders ol<br />
norlern studl composing Born in Lyons oI i<br />
trosperous French ia<strong>to</strong>ily with bresing inrerests,<br />
Rinck spccialiT.d i. thc rclining of oln,c oilsr'lor<br />
lhe better proseculion oi his Nork he moved <strong>to</strong><br />
Spain around 19U1. <strong>The</strong>re he begancomposine add<br />
thcre he spenr nosr oI his life Hc was bolh<br />
immodcst about his o$n Nork and jealous ol<br />
Trcitzky: repuratioD. and {hen he lound that<br />
fe*er .f hi\ rhsn Tnitzkvs nndie\ hrd hedn<br />
included in Sutherland and r oMNrR S t2l4 Modnn<br />
E,l-8dftc Sr"di.s hc sulked lor a long time: but<br />
nost judges Nould regard Troitzkt as the more<br />
creative. RincL published collections oi 150 ol his<br />
srudies in l9ll7,3{r0 in l9l9- 700in 192?. and6nally<br />
l4ll Fins de Pdtuies (d^red 1950, publihed 1952). a<br />
dau.tine and unvinnowed 768 pages. (More than<br />
501) srudies are pas.le$, a lield in qhich srri<br />
lagcms arc lc{, so drcrc h mu.h rcpctition. t-or<br />
exanple.lhere are more than l30ex<strong>amp</strong>lesoftne<br />
endg.me two rooks v..two minor pieces.) Each<br />
book in.ludes the $hole oiils piedccessor;the lasr<br />
contanN aU his.ompositions and al his rcqucsl a<br />
copy was bu.ied with him. under his ann. ln<br />
couaboration *nh $e Belgran analyst Louis<br />
Malpas (1893 1971) Rinck srore D!u..o,rr.<br />
Tour d Cdrd I ier (1911 ), an ex.cllcnl analysis of lhh<br />
endsame. (see NoworNt lNrERrtRtNLL.)<br />
RIO DE JANEIRO VARIATION.,l37, a discorery<br />
that galc lhc urRrrN D.FrN.r ol thc spA\rsI<br />
(but short) leas€ or lire <strong>The</strong><br />
variadon aas piayed in a releBraph game Buenos<br />
,^ncs-Rio de Janeiro, l9ll3, and namcd iiier fie<br />
home ol its orieina<strong>to</strong>r Jono Caldas Vianna (1862-<br />
1931)<br />
RITITMOMACHY, agamc nrvoeuc lrom the llth<br />
lo lbe 17th centuries variously kno*n as Arithmomachi.<br />
(banle oi nuhbeG). A.ilhmelic <strong>Chess</strong>.<br />
RIVIERE VARIATION 283<br />
or Philosopher\ Gamc (/ /Ll phjk^othotuh) h<br />
sas played oD a board lormed <strong>by</strong> abutting rwo<br />
nomal che$-boa s, each Ptayer h.ling 124 piees<br />
shaped as triangles. circlcs, orsquarcs a.d bearing<br />
diffcrent numbeN. Accounh ol lhe game oien<br />
appeared alongside discu$ions oi <strong>chess</strong>. For<br />
eunple. $ere n an extensive a@ounr (pp<br />
'14]*95) in ir,J S.hd.htpi.l oder Kijnig-Spiel<br />
(1616) <strong>by</strong> sELrNUs. Rith'nonrachy nay have died<br />
out because il coukt nol be learned without<br />
tureknowledge oI mathcmatical progrcssions.<br />
RITTNER! HORST ROBERT (1930 ). East<br />
Ge.man player. Internarion.l Cofespondence<br />
chesGnndn6rer (196r).Ninncr (+ l0=s)orrhe<br />
sixth world Corresponden.e <strong>Chess</strong> Ch<strong>amp</strong>ionship,<br />
1968-71 . He is ediro. ol tbe Gernan magazine<br />
RIUMTN, NIKOLAI NIKOLAYEVICH 11908<br />
.12). Sovietplayerar hnben duringtheeadyl930s.<br />
He lon a datch asainsl N. D. r;Rtr;oRrEv<br />
(+6=l 1) in 1931, aon tne MoscoN ch<strong>amp</strong>ion<br />
ship tbree times (1931, 1931-1. 1935), and played<br />
in lour USSR chanpionships. taking seco.d placc<br />
dfrer BonNNr( in 1931. His best intcrnational<br />
rournanenr result was at Lcningrad 1934r he<br />
sharcd sc.ond placc ivilb Roi,^Novso hall a point<br />
afierBotvinnik and ahead ofEU{E. Around 1936<br />
nl healrh cur shorr ! pronisidg career.<br />
RIUMIN VARIATION. 168 in lhe oUEEN's ,NDTAN<br />
RIVADAVIA GAMBIT, 237. IhC MORRA GAMBIT.<br />
<strong>The</strong> name comes lroo a long alenue. Callc<br />
Ri!adavia, BuenosAires. whcrc manyches clubs<br />
RryriiRE, .JULES ARNOUS DE 0830-i905).<br />
nrc strongcsr Frc.ch playerlo. about 20 years lrom<br />
tbe lare 1850s.lln lather Nas French. his morher<br />
Englisb. He played in the Paris internalio.al<br />
rournamcnt ol r867. taking sixih pla.cwcll bchind<br />
the world\ Ieadem but ahead ol RosENrdAL.<br />
Riviere also played in a few minor <strong>to</strong>urnanents in<br />
Paris.1.1855 he Nas defeated b! DUBors in a long<br />
serics of gamcsi in 184{ he Non against T. W.<br />
BARNES (+5 2);in ls6<strong>The</strong>bear LowENraL(+2)l<br />
and in 1883 he narroNly lost a malch againsr<br />
crncoRr\ (+4=l 5). Riviirc cditcd sclcral .hcs<br />
columns. published books on billiards and roulexe,<br />
and inlenred nan)r de$ 8a6es including one<br />
with two-coloured dominocs. Hc h aho rcmc,nbered<br />
lor some casual games *nh MoRpu!, played<br />
RIVItRE OPENING, 119. 1h<br />
RMaRE VARIATION.6i5 in the KNc:s c4Mnrr<br />
Accepted, supeGeded <strong>by</strong> the nore 6 . . . Nxe4.
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