chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

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PSEUDO-TWO-MOVER, a kind ol problen: ii Blackwere to noveftsrWbitecouldchecknare in replyi bul While is lo nrovc 6st, and he cannot nlte in two moves as mighr be supposed. The solurion may consist ollosing the hove or n oay bearno relationship to whatvouldhappcn ilBhck PUZZLES 26) 1936) and his son John Spencer Purdy (1935 ) nave bcen cnampions of Ausrralia. PURE MATE, or clean matej a checknate that meetslhe lollosing cntena: unodupied squaresid the RNG'S FrEL, are attackcdonce only: piecesrhar tunctio. ass.r-F-BLocKare notunderartackunless .ecessa ly pinnedi and lhe naling nove is not a doublecheck unle$ this is necessary to prcvcnl thc deie.der lrom i.lcrposing a nan or capturine a checking piece. Pu.e mates are of interest ro composeB rather tba! players, and their oc@r rence in a gade is usually incidcnlal. Sreinliihl'r-Blackburnc FriendlyCame March*ie., 1clc5 2N$Nc6 3Bc4Bc5.1.3Nl6 5d4ci4 6.rd4 Bb4+ rBdzBxd2+ 3Nlid2lNid4 q0'0d6 10Nt:l Nxb3 1lOrb30012Re1Nh5 13e5Qg5 14exd6 Nl4 15Bxfl- Kh3 16glcid6 17Nc3Nh3+ 13Kg2QI6 19 A p.oblem by rcmz and (oc(.LxoRN. D?"rr.h?r V/ochebcha.h-1901. \NercBlack to nove nrsl hc qould bc mated by Nb5 or Nxe2. Whitc to play losesthe move:1Be6 Qh5 2Bh3Oes 3Bl5Qes 4Bg4 Qe5 5 BFOc8 6Bd5,andtheblackqueen must rclinquish her guard oi one oi olher ol the PITLLING COUNIEIIATTACK, 525 in rhe s.orcE caMEi in reply White usudly sacnfres a pawn to gain positional ad!.ntagc. sr.rNrrz playcd rhk !iri,ri.n virh f,ir sn..es\ hnr lin.e hk iime most masten have considered Black's deiensive rask too difficult. Tbe vanation *as onginated in the 1830s bv wellinsron Pulliis (..1813ri6), a strong English player with a dan lor blindlold displays. and 6st published in waLruR S Irca,irf PURDY, CECIL JOHN SEDDON (190G?9). Aushaliao pl.yer and .urhor, Idternarional Mas ter (l9sr), rntcrnalionar cotrcspondcnce che$ Grandnaste. ( 1953), s inn (+9=3-l)ofthe6Bt World Correspondence Che$ Championship. 1950 3. He {on the nationll (o!e.lhe board) champio.ship on rburoccasions liom 1934ro 1951, bul is betler remembered for hn lifelone devotion to the cause olchessinAuslralia. He loundedthe Abttulion Ches Rerie|| a^.1edited it Irom 1929 through two chanees ol name (C[?.11 in ]945, Ches Warld in 19,16l until 1967 when it ceased publicatiotr. Olhisseveralbooks the nost amusing is Anong Thele Mntes 11939), wftten under fte pseudonym ChiclamaneuJ. Hh i.tcrcst in all aspectsolthe Sameled him ononeoccasion to visit the Hebrldes seeking background naterial lor a lelevision pla, about thc r.16 cnEssMEN. Bolh Purdy s falher-inlaw Spence. Cnkanthorp (r885- 20. . . Qgl+ 2l Rxgl No+ 22Ks2Bh3,apuremar.. There aE sellblocks o, g1. h2, and 93, nvc o.hosquares intheking's6.ldarcanackcdonceonly, rl byabishop, hl .nd h3 by a *ni3ht, f2 andJ] br_ a rook PUZZLES! generally prcblens using ches pieccs or boa.dsbut nor invokins rhe kins-s toyal porer. The best known is probably the nr6sas tuR. i{any such puzlcs are malhematical. For ex ample, how man, difierenl rectangles can bc .niline.l.n 3 che\s b.rrdl The answcr is 1.296 ol Nhich 20,1 are squares. aReNoEM.Nrs may be regarded as puzles. Some problens in which the king plays a part nay be regarded as puzles. For exanple, the board isemptyolmcn. Black hasjust moved illegally a.d aglees to nake any move whft€ dicrarcs. after Nhich White nales in two moves. The answer: pla@ White Ke1, Ra1 and Black Kb3. Whne was in rhc a.t olcastling when Blacl litied his kingr play 1 0-0-0 Ka2 and White maresbyl Rd3 Ka1 2 Ra3. A problen Nilh an EN p{ss^Nr key thlt cannot be provcd LECAL may be Mathcmatical puzles probably origiraled in Indiaand almo( certainl, anre daredrhcinvenlioo or.hes\ one orthe oldeslchcss MEHS. thatolthe Brzhmin sissa called lor mathemalical under standing Eany Arabian players called puzzles
2:74 PVZZLES Mikheriq and oflen inclDdcd thcm in thcn collcctions ofM^NsnDAr. For example, place While Ral and Black Rhs. The players are to mole altemare ly but neither rook may cro$ a 6lc or rank commanded by the orher. the ain bei.g to sralemle the opponent s rook. The 6rst player to doveloses, e.g. 1Ra2Rg8(the leoea n always to playthe rook to the samc diagonal) 2Ral Rg7 and similar oscillations by White lose afler a srArR.AsE MoVEMENT (12 Ra1 Rb2).
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The game of ches exerts a fascinati
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THE OXFORD COMPANION TO CF{ESS DAVI
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PREFACE No game has surpassed chess
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS THE authoE and pub
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ABBAAA DEFENCE.582, standard line,
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16 Kxe2 RcB 1713 b5 13 cib5 axb5 19
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game againsr Adolf C!:nk in lhe Kol
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l+o=b-2r dller BonrNNrr, Capablanca
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AI-GEBRAIC NOTATION 9 ,ct ro be dis
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ANDERSON 11 and oilen look less lim
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AnJenseFL. Paulsen Vienna 1373 Phil
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this squa.e ineffe.- tive, a manauv
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ASETAPADA, an ancienr Indian ra@ ga
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posal was oade by Dr zboriet of Pra
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BACEMANN, LUDWIG 0856 1937), one ol
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BARING CHESS 23 % t i w % ,9 b4 (wr
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BASIC ENDGAME 25 posnionrhar can be
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BELYAVSKY 27 xJ2 Bxg3+ is threatene
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BERLINER 29 noted rhat (l d4 c5)2.1
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BIRD 31 move, Ircm rhree lo nve and
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BISHOPS OF OPPOSITE COLOUR 33 Tso b
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he playcd. and relreshing himself r
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Philidor plarinp blindJ.ld at Px$lo
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Dr!\cnnnathe,d\mlcottr/hte!lpuM)t4N
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cur back his chess activiies. Hh Ni
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choicc of moves. These artistic req
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BOO(, k.own infornalion ahoui tbc o
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BOURDONNAIS 47 DOTVINNIK VaRIATION.
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BRINCXMANN 49 Frar Clenens Honoratu
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BUCKLE 51 shosing what mighl have o
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No-Movd conPose6 of his gene.ation.
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ioumament 1896. this defe.ce w6 use
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cibler ollhe 158 march and tournane
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caRO VARTATION- 44-1 in ib knorm \i
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.rss.. Caxton\ t.nshiior oI Cesol.\
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Checknare is a unique charactcrisli
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N. I. Greko!, M. /. cl4,r;n (1939)
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CLEAN SCORE 67 CTRCULAR CEESS. see
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novel kind of .lock was prorided by
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7E ol Jamaica and H. F. W. La.e of
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COMPANION SQUARES, COMPDNSATION, ad
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BRowNE played this ending against r
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CONTROI- NOTATION 77 eration is the
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R.8 15b.rNcd7 16Bg3Nb6 17Qb3Nfd5 l8
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CRACOW VARIATION 8I 7r. C/'6r C,n.
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CYC]TC PLAY 83 outsranding analrsr,
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DABBABA..n uno.thodox LtaPER used i
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DEMONSTRATION ROARIJ 3? a% "ffifrw
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tsla.l iniourcednaloin three by23.
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DIAGRAM, a piclorial representation
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DoMINATIoN, a study lem indicating
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The objecr, morc often than no1, n
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DUPI-EX 9? comncnls on the Sxde arc
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DUr'CIl VARIATION. 39. a standard l
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pa of the bod! qhrch rr A dcstred t
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ENGELS !03 FIDE title system is lou
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as ambasador. ln relurn d'6onwas sc
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nasrer, and rhey have been tanstaEd
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entre. AIso 414 in the spaNrss opEN
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EALKBEER VARIA'I ION, 321 . la Scha
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A posnion bl tne French inalyst Pie
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chess ser and sood became deeply ab
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Mt 60 Memorobk eMd. a classic of pa
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Ii$l pria ahead of Bogoljubow, L L.
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seond board lor bis suntry in tbe O
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Masaz c (Dec.1786). This essay in p
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FYFE GAMBTT i25 saved.19.. . Bxh2+
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GELLER I27 1833) in 1813 and by Bre
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trutto della Munieta di Gilocar'a S
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whouyto problens.In 1924 holh thc c
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cach player'ssecond rankcould be ad
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GA(A orGADAforWhite. SAWA oTSAPA fo
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2r e5 eb ?2 Ogl Nrs 23 Ne4 ts$3 ?4
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Whrre \ I]a{n on rl r r hrlfPc$ed l
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There was 6uch a.rimony between riv
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Ilaingunoflicially adoptcd a. l lye
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conquerorsolSicilyshortlyafterwards
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HUBNER 14? rr rN.oDened htrchesr dn
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I IBCA, thc Intenratioml Braille Ch
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INTERFERENCE ]5I to be faia!. In mn
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TVKOV 153 ou$clves adopl it. We dis
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J'ADOUBE. A waming givcn by a playe
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JUNGE 157 forerunner ol thc problem
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Kaeov in 1932 L€nidgrad Universir
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HebecamcacaNDrD^Ebywinning(+?=6)the
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KERES 163 and having lew opportunit
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0'0 g6 7 Rcl Bg7 3 h3 Nh6 I Ncr b6
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KNAAK 16? caied play iollowing 3 .
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KOLISCH 169 KNIGIIT WEEEL, a proble
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sdnine the soviel masicr tiilc (195
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KROCIUS I73 rhe (rcnuNr hcciN 19 Oh
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KUPREICEIK. VIKTOR DAVIDOVICH (1949
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delearollvko!(+4:3 l)rhenalossloTal
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1914, a historic event because Capa
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playc$ from Riga, in particular by
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FwIs 133 men1, ln narch play he del
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LDWIS COUNmR-GAMBIT, 335, an aggres
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the G..r.Il,.hrc, neady nnished, wa
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LtvlNG CHESS 189 Anong the many poe
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Thc hmiLiar GREE( crF rollo*\ 2l Bx
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L6PEZ-4TANUTIO COTNTDR.GAMBIT. 569
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idea- although manyye rspasscd bclo
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MCCUTCmON VARIATION. 640. a line in
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t7Qh6+ Krh6 rsNhr5+ Bxf5 19Nxl5+ (h
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€ndgme,havebecomcstandardized. (S
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was not conducive to success 1n sho
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MARSHALL DEFENCE 205 York in 1896.
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as rhe grh centu4 are on rc.ord, bu
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a1 15 he won (+3=3) the 6nal (or pl
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The play is somelines said to show
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nlemaiional Grandmaster (1982). He
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MODEL MATE 215 Tara*h-Tci.hiann O$e
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playemi bur he would not !isi1 thc
Page 228 and 229: While and 39 or 40 single nov6 by B
Page 230 and 231: N, a symboliorthe knieht ohen uscd
Page 232 and 233: NEWSIAPER COLUMNS 223 NEUMANN. GUST
Page 234 and 235: temporarily retired) lrom ahoul 192
Page 236 and 237: indicaEs clearlylhrtir is whitcvho
Page 238 and 239: OBLIGATORY CEECT, a term u*d by Idr
Page 240 and 241: was little advance md the l9th i th
Page 242 and 243: inplying the .eciprocal relationshi
Page 244 and 245: white cannotplay I Nl6+ because thi
Page 246 and 247: PACITMAN, l-LrDiK (1924 ). Czech-bo
Page 248 and 249: An.r long derence Blact bc8nr hn.tu
Page 250 and 251: PAULSEN VARIATION 2,1I Quiet .nd un
Page 252 and 253: any player in thc world. None of bi
Page 254 and 255: seak or otheoise. Exanioation may r
Page 256 and 257: asainst iAENrscn nr the 1840s. Serg
Page 258 and 259: was the nore proDablc cause. (See D
Page 260 and 261: tbe frrs1*nler ro exahine a BAsrc E
Page 262 and 263: ioblcm by Shinkman. D.,rdi, Ire? Pr
Page 264 and 265: %z % A study; poco$ANis that von se
Page 266 and 267: twtrfi.t %* %'& t wt% w % tst* w- F
Page 268 and 269: publishedbisanalysisinDearsches Wac
Page 270 and 271: E. Varnusz. .S.l..l?l (;an6 af Lajo
Page 272 and 273: Bla.l nos makes a p.sirional srrili
Page 274 and 275: The evenl thlt kindled the enlhusil
Page 276 and 277: (li-Ehmins wa, becausc of thc short
Page 280 and 281: Q, the English languagc symbol for
Page 282 and 283: RABAR, BRASLAV 0919-r3). Yugoslav p
Page 284 and 285: RAT OPENING 2?5 ard sele.ts a piece
Page 286 and 287: RFjFLEX CtlESS. an unorrhodox gamc
Page 288 and 289: 1925 he played 29 blindf old games
Page 290 and 291: A pionccr problem by an unkroNn con
Page 292 and 293: stalionary shootinS ns target oil t
Page 294 and 295: naring continuation rhat v.s nol av
Page 296 and 297: Engl.nd, Germany. a.d India around
Page 298 and 299: ...Ngl 2Nd4.AfterthekeyiBI4(threale
Page 300 and 301: s, aslmbol ior lhe knight(GernanJp,
Page 302 and 303: In 1634 he published 1/ P,ri,o, all
Page 304 and 305: SAVON. VL,ADIMIR ANDREYEViCH (1940-
Page 306 and 307: Schlechteis laler achielemenls in.l
Page 308 and 309: anorhei 16 games and back g.nes in
Page 310 and 311: SCOTCH GAME 3l]I inte.est in dank o
Page 312 and 313: sealed arc Nritlcn on tbe envelope.
Page 314 and 315: lron those oI the Tarrasch Deledce,
Page 316 and 317: SHATRANJ 307 sqnares are on hisodd-
Page 318 and 319: SHORT, NIGEL DAVID (1965 ), Enghh p
Page 320 and 321: SISIlR SQUARES 311 SICIIRJONSSON, G
Page 322 and 323: the cenrre pasns scrc adranced late
Page 324 and 325: i ,5tt t %wt "&,%ru 20 Bb7 (Blrck!
Page 326 and 327: Black mu$ conccdc nor spae in rhc .
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man.csin l930 rscoreol+5=5 3bshrren
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SQUEEZE 32I 18 Os,l Ob5 19 Oc4 Od7
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A position f.on rhe gane N. hoscki-
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S'I'AUNTON 325 to rccruil Ameicans
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about chess be lenrned by himsell.
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1972,second (+6=81 afler Polusaye,s
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oad, nh bearins sturdy. IHis leatur
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STRATEGY ]33 SIIPULATIONS, inslrlct
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striving to win: To gain a lourname
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clined; 634 in the rxEN.s DEENCE. T
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yearFl0o 000 no!e, conrains 22 game
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TAIMANOV 341 gxn3, and \:!tne has t
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Sbo ly alter losi.g the title Tal n
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% 7Z&, H@ &s*t"& %&m .r1r . . . d5
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A pos un trcm lh€ Scme BoNrntrrk
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A position from the gane Gligona El
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correc{y played game siould cnd in
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TIME 353 deleated G. wALrcR and oth
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.I'IMING OF MOVES 355 given penod o
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sound enough for the higheslhonou6.
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the results ohtained by applying EI
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showed the winning procedurer I Ka3
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TtJR( 361 Thc Toik, displayed so as
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TWO.PAWNS ATTACK 365 voyag€s, Hor
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UNCAPTURE, to rctract (takc back) a
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VACAITON. se LNE !a.^noN vADAsz, LA
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2l h4f6 22h5Bif 23Os4Kh3 24Nh4 Nbl
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Conpositio6 rhen i1 was i.trodrced
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AL\iscE. walkcr esrablished rhe cus
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uy a car Bhen he landed and scll it
Page 388 and 389:
woLF l7q srrArr. but of drbious ner
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worzburger. Black\ bhhop on c2 iS t
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YUSUPOV 383 shared find dace alter
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in the second world war and in 1949
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Samnch NiDovitch Copcnlra8en 1921 Q
Page 398 and 399:
APPENDIX I OPENINGS O pEN r N G lin
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lhdet 01 None.l t)FninBs ddJ vanatt
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thd.\ ol Naned Openiryt and variati
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l,tlc\ ot l\ou?tl Opchnps ahd vattu
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lhdex oJ Narud Opekiass and vatidti
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lnder oJ Namdl Opehings ahd ratidti
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Iadex of Naded Operings atd yatiuti
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lndo of NaheJ OphtnBs and va, idt o
Page 414 and 415:
APPENDIX II GLOSSARY OF CHESS TERMI
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Glossart of ChN TeminoloLy npoEE rc
Page 418:
0- 1,1 ;q0-8 ,|ffi[ ||il1 192 ffill
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chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld