chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

266 PROBLEM HISTORY
tines combiniig lw. or more elemenls in new
ways. From 1913 to I924 these devclopmcnts wcrc
encouraged by rbe GooD.oMr^
ouB. (Foi exanples see INALVE, PrN !hrE, and
s.nr.tuANN DrF.Nc. ) Thc same tactic,l delices
wcrc Bed to enrich three-novers. Economy of
lorce became of increasing importance. to wbich
end MLRrDrrs rourneys Nere inlrodu@d in 191,1.
Conposeis would often atloadu.lsin theBy pLAy
rltbe. than add exha ne. to prevenr then.
Inhoduoory play and rRrNGr v
oI fashion. From about i910 Britnh conpose$
specialized on .UNGED puy aml BLoc( problems.
Shortlv hcr.re the Fnst World Wa leN
delorees nNcsiieatcd R.f,Ror;RADE ANALyss and
fkoBlrMs and self
mates bad been known since nedieval tines and
EELPM{ES since 1854 i these and other tinds oflairy
problem j.leresled shl.kman and rhrouch hin
DAlsoN, who madc thh lield his spcciality from
r9ll.From l9l9inthcpaeesolrheChes A atew
he coDductedthe 6rstlone'runningcolunndevoted
to iairy problens and tbese became esrablishcd
in contincntal Europ. in thc 1920s. largelythrough
CoBposing technique in all branches ot the arr
continucd 10 improle- nolably on accounl ol thc
lead given by the exceplionally talentcd LosHrNs(y
in the 1930s. Around lhis time lhe fashion lor
nodel nites praclically ended elcepr lor Bohenian{tylc
composirions For tao-movcB DUALbecame
popular in rhe
^vorDAN.EandcoRR..noN
1930s, changedplaywithspecialregard tonY Put
in rhe l95lk .y.rr. prAy soon alierwards Morcmoven
arc siill lor thc most pa in accordance
with tbe New Geman style Three-movers give
scope lor . wide .ange oi rhemes, norably those
containing crjtic.l play, that can.or be shown i.
feae. moles. In the earlyyears oithe 20th century
three nole oilen consisted of several ladalions
shoNinC a nulriplicity oliacdcal elenents, sinitar
in kind but more complcx than those of thc
two-mover. Laterpuritrof aim, a spin-ofi from the
logical problen. becane more corrspicuous, a
mcrc 1wo rarialions being lcceprable on occasr.n
r.tz
y.%w1& tt*-
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'ffi'/& % 'ffi
% ?&Hl%tr/*A
ry /ry, %f%
%6ffi8% 'il
A more nover by {rHM thal won li6l prize in the
Leipzie Olydpiad toumey, 1160 $rhile\ naring
thrcats (othcr than thc promolion oi the lpawn)
arcBxe? and R\I5. delended byBlacki rook al e2
and his bishop respc.tivcly. I Kc6 Ba4+ 2 b5 (a
DEcoy) 2. Bxb5+ 3KlsBd3(here thebishop
inrerlcrcs with rhe rook ar a3) ,l Kgs Rg2 + 5 Ng4
(arotherdecoy) 5. . . RxC4- 6K18, andilBlack
delendseThecutsoff hndelenceott5,e.g. 6..,
Re4 7 R\t5. Ihc piayshowsaRonan lheme.with
decoy ol tqo pieces. The EEMATC rRyi I KgSi
nimics rhe key i alter L RE2+ 2 Ng4 R\94+ 3
Krx Bl.c* ..uld dcfcnd bv 3 . . . Re3.
+3
t
7z
A problem by G. F. ANDERSoN and the Anerica.
composcrVinccnt l-aniusEalo. (r915-62), Bfli6h
Crers &dgdzi,c, 1953. The keris l Bbl and in sn
lanations Black. by his own acrions, depnles
hinsellol a check by one olhis rooks on a5, g8, or
1...Bxa5 2 Nxd4
1...Nxa5 2Nd6
1.. Bc5or1...B.? 2 Nc7
1...Nc5 2Nc3
1... Nd8 2gxh6
1... Nd6 2Nt8.
The collaloratos, who spcnt thrcc hmd.ed
hours composnrg ihis hiehly complex problem.
tded to sho{ in as nan} vanations as possible a
thene called checl preventiod. Other variadons
begi.1...llc7 2Rxd5- 1. Rxb5 2R15+- I
..Rd 2 Nxc5. 1...d3 2 Oh,1+, 1...
Rgl 2Rh4+,and1. hxg5 2 Rhag5
H. G. M. Weenink, Ih? Cr€ss ltobkn \1926) is a
PROBLEMS, ORTTIODOX, S
tr
%
t
PROGRESSM CHESS! a. unorthod.x gamc in
which White Dakes his first mo!e. BIa.k makes
two sNcLE MovEs in reply, Wrile then makes three
single Boles- Blac( Io!r. andsoon Check may 6e
givcn only on the lasi ol a series ol si.gle-moves
and must be evaded on the 66t move ol lhe
folldwingseries. The Frenchexpeiton unoahodox
ganes Joscph Boycr (lli95-1961). qho suge*l.d
thc namc progressive.hes. said it was knoxn in
FraDce as Scotch ches becau
said that he had seen it played Nhen he visiled
Scotlandin i947 The gane is also c.lled rlr:lri€a