chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

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%z % A study; poco$ANis that von second prize n, the Shokhftaq v sssR rourney, 1966 I Rh6+ l
256 PIRC DEFENCE PIRC DEFENCE, 114,line piayed by L. TAULSEN in the 1880s lnd revived by prxc in tbe 1940si also knoyn 6 ihe Antdl or Ufimtscr Defence. It can anse lrom other sequences, e.g.314. Compare the and PrRc RoB^rs.r sYsrEM. PIRC ROBATSCE SYSTEM. combinalion of the prR. and RouArscn DEENCB, sometimes called tbe Modern Defen.e although playcd rcgularly in the 1860s by Moheschunder Bannerjee, onc of cocsMNE\ lndian opponeflts. white n permited to movc both his cenre pasns to lhe tourth rank: Black plays Pd6, Pe6, Bg7, and Nf6. not ncce$anlyin rhat order, and may later strike at the centre by. . . Pe7 e5orin some otherway. This system became popular ]n the 1960s in answer to 1e4. but mat also be playcd altcr I d4 whcn lranspositions to other openings, e.g. the (N nay be a1 Whne\ dnposal. PIRC VARIATION.69. avanationinthe o!trEN s caMBrr Declined piayed in tbe gane Grnnleld SoultaDbeiel'f. Folkcstonc Olympild. lS33a 150 in tbe lrMzorNlrN D*!N.r. PLACSEIXA, JAN (1945- ), Czechoslovali player, Internarional oraDdmaster (1'rr8). Hh besr tournamenr wins Bere ?olaoica Zdr6i 1975 when he shared thc pri2c with AVERBAKS, Soiia 197' (+7=6), and Trnava 1979 (+6=?). (Sc. PLACHUTTA THEME, a c.mposirion thcme shown b! LorD in 185?. and by the Ausidan conposer Joseillachuua (1827 83) in the lolloq ing ycar Ithsimjlar ro rhew THEME. bnr with sa.ri6ce on thc intc&ction "'*): "tt, %* ?& 7& "&. l,&. "'4& tr% A sl!dy by coRcrEv rhat sas asarded 6st honorary mentio. i. a lourney organized in conjunction with rhe Moscow Inlernational tournament 1936. Tbe Phchutla lhene begins witb ihe sacrifice on Whitc-s5thmo!e. 1d7g2+ 2Lag2Re2+ 3KB Rd2 ,1K14 Rcl 5 Bd3. and now. i... Rdxd3 6Rhl+ Rh3 ?d8=O+ 5 . . Rcxd3 6 d8=Q Rxd8 7 Rhl+ Rh2 8 (For anolher example olthis thene see ^Nrr .) PLACIARISM, the deliberate copyi.g of anothels game or composition. Games have o(asionally been repedted by coincidene. bul sonednes almost unknown playcrs havc laid claim to games played by grandmastes. ComposeN comnonly suller on accouflt of ANncrP.noN when an idea has been used beloie allhough rhe setling na!nor hale been idcnti.al. Plagiarhm n rare, irs A problem by B^rRD that wo. srcond prize in lhe Leeds Mercutyweeklt Suppln tu theme lourney, 1895. TIe king Nas 10 beplacedintheniddle ollhc board ard allrhe sbiie men qere ro be as lar oli as possible. The solution: I Nc1 Ke6 (l . . . Kd4 2 Ql6+) 2 Nd3 Kd7 3 Nc5. "'&. %w, ?&" w% ail A probtef,lron One Hundru1 Publishetl Proble$ (194-4) b_\, Fran.is Pcrcilai wenoan (1891 1972), the problem world\ most notorious plagiarist. Baird-s posinon has been rotated ninety dcgre€s. Thh was onc ol ar leasr 16 probleds in this book rbar were instaDdy .ecogrized as anlicipared, a 6ucb hieher p roportion thancould have arhcn by chancc (scc sRrNous cAuEs.) PI-AKSTN. NIKITA MIKHAILOVICH (1931 ), Soliercomposerrrom Moscotr, rbeleading specialht o. RErRocNr ANarysN ot bis gene.ation, reacher. He published 100 rerro an a |ttical .omposirio n s i.l965and anothe.50. all based on the Em Mo!! hw. \n Prnhlcm tia 191 (i980)
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The game of ches exerts a fascinati
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THE OXFORD COMPANION TO CF{ESS DAVI
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PREFACE No game has surpassed chess
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS THE authoE and pub
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ABBAAA DEFENCE.582, standard line,
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16 Kxe2 RcB 1713 b5 13 cib5 axb5 19
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game againsr Adolf C!:nk in lhe Kol
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l+o=b-2r dller BonrNNrr, Capablanca
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AI-GEBRAIC NOTATION 9 ,ct ro be dis
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ANDERSON 11 and oilen look less lim
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AnJenseFL. Paulsen Vienna 1373 Phil
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this squa.e ineffe.- tive, a manauv
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ASETAPADA, an ancienr Indian ra@ ga
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posal was oade by Dr zboriet of Pra
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BACEMANN, LUDWIG 0856 1937), one ol
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BARING CHESS 23 % t i w % ,9 b4 (wr
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BASIC ENDGAME 25 posnionrhar can be
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BELYAVSKY 27 xJ2 Bxg3+ is threatene
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BERLINER 29 noted rhat (l d4 c5)2.1
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BIRD 31 move, Ircm rhree lo nve and
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BISHOPS OF OPPOSITE COLOUR 33 Tso b
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he playcd. and relreshing himself r
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Philidor plarinp blindJ.ld at Px$lo
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Dr!\cnnnathe,d\mlcottr/hte!lpuM)t4N
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cur back his chess activiies. Hh Ni
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choicc of moves. These artistic req
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BOO(, k.own infornalion ahoui tbc o
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BOURDONNAIS 47 DOTVINNIK VaRIATION.
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BRINCXMANN 49 Frar Clenens Honoratu
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BUCKLE 51 shosing what mighl have o
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No-Movd conPose6 of his gene.ation.
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ioumament 1896. this defe.ce w6 use
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cibler ollhe 158 march and tournane
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caRO VARTATION- 44-1 in ib knorm \i
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.rss.. Caxton\ t.nshiior oI Cesol.\
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Checknare is a unique charactcrisli
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N. I. Greko!, M. /. cl4,r;n (1939)
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CLEAN SCORE 67 CTRCULAR CEESS. see
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novel kind of .lock was prorided by
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7E ol Jamaica and H. F. W. La.e of
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COMPANION SQUARES, COMPDNSATION, ad
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BRowNE played this ending against r
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CONTROI- NOTATION 77 eration is the
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R.8 15b.rNcd7 16Bg3Nb6 17Qb3Nfd5 l8
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CRACOW VARIATION 8I 7r. C/'6r C,n.
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CYC]TC PLAY 83 outsranding analrsr,
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DABBABA..n uno.thodox LtaPER used i
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DEMONSTRATION ROARIJ 3? a% "ffifrw
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tsla.l iniourcednaloin three by23.
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DIAGRAM, a piclorial representation
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DoMINATIoN, a study lem indicating
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The objecr, morc often than no1, n
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DUPI-EX 9? comncnls on the Sxde arc
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DUr'CIl VARIATION. 39. a standard l
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pa of the bod! qhrch rr A dcstred t
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ENGELS !03 FIDE title system is lou
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as ambasador. ln relurn d'6onwas sc
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nasrer, and rhey have been tanstaEd
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entre. AIso 414 in the spaNrss opEN
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EALKBEER VARIA'I ION, 321 . la Scha
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A posnion bl tne French inalyst Pie
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chess ser and sood became deeply ab
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Mt 60 Memorobk eMd. a classic of pa
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Ii$l pria ahead of Bogoljubow, L L.
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seond board lor bis suntry in tbe O
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Masaz c (Dec.1786). This essay in p
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FYFE GAMBTT i25 saved.19.. . Bxh2+
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GELLER I27 1833) in 1813 and by Bre
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trutto della Munieta di Gilocar'a S
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whouyto problens.In 1924 holh thc c
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cach player'ssecond rankcould be ad
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GA(A orGADAforWhite. SAWA oTSAPA fo
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2r e5 eb ?2 Ogl Nrs 23 Ne4 ts$3 ?4
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Whrre \ I]a{n on rl r r hrlfPc$ed l
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There was 6uch a.rimony between riv
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Ilaingunoflicially adoptcd a. l lye
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conquerorsolSicilyshortlyafterwards
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HUBNER 14? rr rN.oDened htrchesr dn
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I IBCA, thc Intenratioml Braille Ch
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INTERFERENCE ]5I to be faia!. In mn
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TVKOV 153 ou$clves adopl it. We dis
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J'ADOUBE. A waming givcn by a playe
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JUNGE 157 forerunner ol thc problem
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Kaeov in 1932 L€nidgrad Universir
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HebecamcacaNDrD^Ebywinning(+?=6)the
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KERES 163 and having lew opportunit
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0'0 g6 7 Rcl Bg7 3 h3 Nh6 I Ncr b6
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KNAAK 16? caied play iollowing 3 .
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KOLISCH 169 KNIGIIT WEEEL, a proble
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sdnine the soviel masicr tiilc (195
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KROCIUS I73 rhe (rcnuNr hcciN 19 Oh
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KUPREICEIK. VIKTOR DAVIDOVICH (1949
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delearollvko!(+4:3 l)rhenalossloTal
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1914, a historic event because Capa
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playc$ from Riga, in particular by
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FwIs 133 men1, ln narch play he del
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LDWIS COUNmR-GAMBIT, 335, an aggres
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the G..r.Il,.hrc, neady nnished, wa
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LtvlNG CHESS 189 Anong the many poe
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Thc hmiLiar GREE( crF rollo*\ 2l Bx
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L6PEZ-4TANUTIO COTNTDR.GAMBIT. 569
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idea- although manyye rspasscd bclo
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MCCUTCmON VARIATION. 640. a line in
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t7Qh6+ Krh6 rsNhr5+ Bxf5 19Nxl5+ (h
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€ndgme,havebecomcstandardized. (S
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was not conducive to success 1n sho
Page 214 and 215: MARSHALL DEFENCE 205 York in 1896.
Page 216 and 217: as rhe grh centu4 are on rc.ord, bu
Page 218 and 219: a1 15 he won (+3=3) the 6nal (or pl
Page 220 and 221: The play is somelines said to show
Page 222 and 223: nlemaiional Grandmaster (1982). He
Page 224 and 225: MODEL MATE 215 Tara*h-Tci.hiann O$e
Page 226 and 227: playemi bur he would not !isi1 thc
Page 228 and 229: While and 39 or 40 single nov6 by B
Page 230 and 231: N, a symboliorthe knieht ohen uscd
Page 232 and 233: NEWSIAPER COLUMNS 223 NEUMANN. GUST
Page 234 and 235: temporarily retired) lrom ahoul 192
Page 236 and 237: indicaEs clearlylhrtir is whitcvho
Page 238 and 239: OBLIGATORY CEECT, a term u*d by Idr
Page 240 and 241: was little advance md the l9th i th
Page 242 and 243: inplying the .eciprocal relationshi
Page 244 and 245: white cannotplay I Nl6+ because thi
Page 246 and 247: PACITMAN, l-LrDiK (1924 ). Czech-bo
Page 248 and 249: An.r long derence Blact bc8nr hn.tu
Page 250 and 251: PAULSEN VARIATION 2,1I Quiet .nd un
Page 252 and 253: any player in thc world. None of bi
Page 254 and 255: seak or otheoise. Exanioation may r
Page 256 and 257: asainst iAENrscn nr the 1840s. Serg
Page 258 and 259: was the nore proDablc cause. (See D
Page 260 and 261: tbe frrs1*nler ro exahine a BAsrc E
Page 262 and 263: ioblcm by Shinkman. D.,rdi, Ire? Pr
Page 266 and 267: twtrfi.t %* %'& t wt% w % tst* w- F
Page 268 and 269: publishedbisanalysisinDearsches Wac
Page 270 and 271: E. Varnusz. .S.l..l?l (;an6 af Lajo
Page 272 and 273: Bla.l nos makes a p.sirional srrili
Page 274 and 275: The evenl thlt kindled the enlhusil
Page 276 and 277: (li-Ehmins wa, becausc of thc short
Page 278 and 279: PSEUDO-TWO-MOVER, a kind ol problen
Page 280 and 281: Q, the English languagc symbol for
Page 282 and 283: RABAR, BRASLAV 0919-r3). Yugoslav p
Page 284 and 285: RAT OPENING 2?5 ard sele.ts a piece
Page 286 and 287: RFjFLEX CtlESS. an unorrhodox gamc
Page 288 and 289: 1925 he played 29 blindf old games
Page 290 and 291: A pionccr problem by an unkroNn con
Page 292 and 293: stalionary shootinS ns target oil t
Page 294 and 295: naring continuation rhat v.s nol av
Page 296 and 297: Engl.nd, Germany. a.d India around
Page 298 and 299: ...Ngl 2Nd4.AfterthekeyiBI4(threale
Page 300 and 301: s, aslmbol ior lhe knight(GernanJp,
Page 302 and 303: In 1634 he published 1/ P,ri,o, all
Page 304 and 305: SAVON. VL,ADIMIR ANDREYEViCH (1940-
Page 306 and 307: Schlechteis laler achielemenls in.l
Page 308 and 309: anorhei 16 games and back g.nes in
Page 310 and 311: SCOTCH GAME 3l]I inte.est in dank o
Page 312 and 313: sealed arc Nritlcn on tbe envelope.
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lron those oI the Tarrasch Deledce,
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SHATRANJ 307 sqnares are on hisodd-
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SHORT, NIGEL DAVID (1965 ), Enghh p
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SISIlR SQUARES 311 SICIIRJONSSON, G
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the cenrre pasns scrc adranced late
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i ,5tt t %wt "&,%ru 20 Bb7 (Blrck!
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Black mu$ conccdc nor spae in rhc .
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man.csin l930 rscoreol+5=5 3bshrren
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SQUEEZE 32I 18 Os,l Ob5 19 Oc4 Od7
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A position f.on rhe gane N. hoscki-
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S'I'AUNTON 325 to rccruil Ameicans
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about chess be lenrned by himsell.
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1972,second (+6=81 afler Polusaye,s
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oad, nh bearins sturdy. IHis leatur
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STRATEGY ]33 SIIPULATIONS, inslrlct
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striving to win: To gain a lourname
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clined; 634 in the rxEN.s DEENCE. T
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yearFl0o 000 no!e, conrains 22 game
Page 350 and 351:
TAIMANOV 341 gxn3, and \:!tne has t
Page 352 and 353:
Sbo ly alter losi.g the title Tal n
Page 354 and 355:
% 7Z&, H@ &s*t"& %&m .r1r . . . d5
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A pos un trcm lh€ Scme BoNrntrrk
Page 358 and 359:
A position from the gane Gligona El
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correc{y played game siould cnd in
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TIME 353 deleated G. wALrcR and oth
Page 364 and 365:
.I'IMING OF MOVES 355 given penod o
Page 366 and 367:
sound enough for the higheslhonou6.
Page 368 and 369:
the results ohtained by applying EI
Page 370 and 371:
showed the winning procedurer I Ka3
Page 372 and 373:
TtJR( 361 Thc Toik, displayed so as
Page 374 and 375:
TWO.PAWNS ATTACK 365 voyag€s, Hor
Page 376 and 377:
UNCAPTURE, to rctract (takc back) a
Page 378 and 379:
VACAITON. se LNE !a.^noN vADAsz, LA
Page 380 and 381:
2l h4f6 22h5Bif 23Os4Kh3 24Nh4 Nbl
Page 382 and 383:
Conpositio6 rhen i1 was i.trodrced
Page 384 and 385:
AL\iscE. walkcr esrablished rhe cus
Page 386 and 387:
uy a car Bhen he landed and scll it
Page 388 and 389:
woLF l7q srrArr. but of drbious ner
Page 390 and 391:
worzburger. Black\ bhhop on c2 iS t
Page 392 and 393:
YUSUPOV 383 shared find dace alter
Page 394 and 395:
in the second world war and in 1949
Page 396 and 397:
Samnch NiDovitch Copcnlra8en 1921 Q
Page 398 and 399:
APPENDIX I OPENINGS O pEN r N G lin
Page 400 and 401:
lhdet 01 None.l t)FninBs ddJ vanatt
Page 402 and 403:
thd.\ ol Naned Openiryt and variati
Page 404 and 405:
l,tlc\ ot l\ou?tl Opchnps ahd vattu
Page 406 and 407:
lhdex oJ Narud Opekiass and vatidti
Page 408 and 409:
lnder oJ Namdl Opehings ahd ratidti
Page 410 and 411:
Iadex of Naded Operings atd yatiuti
Page 412 and 413:
lndo of NaheJ OphtnBs and va, idt o
Page 414 and 415:
APPENDIX II GLOSSARY OF CHESS TERMI
Page 416 and 417:
Glossart of ChN TeminoloLy npoEE rc
Page 418:
0- 1,1 ;q0-8 ,|ffi[ ||il1 192 ffill
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chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld