chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

inplying the .eciprocal relationship @mon to all
This example shows lhe praclical advatages
that acrue to the player sho has rhe oPPosition: he
may prevent the outflanldns of his tins or he may
oudant the eneny king.
a\aNa.,
A
'
R,4'
,, sso S\
NN\\\\
This pawn formalio. contains inherendy 28 @nju
gare patu snowing the opposition in one lom or
anolher. Ilalic letlers and numbe$ indicale tho*
pairs. upper @sc for While, lower ese lorBlack.
Fo. example if Wl,itet king were on a Cl square
and Black s on a .1 squre the ldngs woud stand in
opposition. While would win iI he muld move his
kitrs acros rhe line on the diaerad (inro Black\
teritory) before molina his h pawn. Ttis he
onnot do. so tbc position is drawn.
1Kd2Kc6 2Kc3 Ke5z 3 Kd3 (the adunE I h5 uould
al$ dms) 3 . . Kd5z 1 Kc3 Kesz (tslack rates rhe
dias.nal opposition.) 5 Kb3 Kd5z 6 Ka3 Kcsz (Black
rakss th. obliqnc opDcnion.) 7 K,4 Ke{z (Bhk r,kes rhe
horizonial disianr opposilion.) 8 Ka5 K€52 9 Kb6 Kd6z
By mainraining ihc delensivc opposi.ion Black can kccp
Tte ii.lic lelters reveal lhe regDlar paltcrn of
@njugatc squarcs rbar cha.actedzes the opposi
rion. Notionally there are four interlocling gouF
ofsqu.res (narked., b, c, and d) and il bolh linCs
were to sland on squares of onc group rhen
positions would be co.related. In p.actice this is
trtre only lo a limited extent for lhe theortical
patlem is hodified by the pawn fornation. Here
for cxample a black kins at c6 (an a sqna.e) would
stand i. opposiiion io a while ki.g at a6, c6, a8, or
e8 (A squarer, but ir rhe while king {ere to st.nd
on olher A squ.res (e.9. c4) the positionNouldnot
w.
flg:
3&ffi
%&, w
"tg&
%&
^ww 1gt&,
% %effi
ORANC UTAN OPENING 233
TLe kings s tand in vertical lo n g- disl ant opposition.
Twenly conjugate paiB are possible, all loms of
the vertical oppositiotr on the c d e l or g 6le.
White 10 play draws: I Kfl Kllz 2 Kel KeTz 3
Kdl KdTz 4 Kc2 Kc6z lverlical dired
opposition) 5 Kc3 Kcsz (dnect oPPosi(on) 6 Kd2
Kd6z 7 Kd3 Kd5z, and Black mainlains lbe
delensile opposilion, Black to play loses: I . . .
Kn 2Kf1zK.1 3Ke1zKd7 4Kd1zKc7 5Ke2
(outaanking) 5 ... Kd6 6 Kd2z Ke6 , Kd
(outfla.kins) 7 ... Kd5 8 Kd3z K.5 9 Ke4
(outflanldna)9...Kc6 l0Kd4rd6 11Kc4Kc6
12 a4z Kb6 13 Kd5. and White {ill gain Black\
Opposition al a distance is not comnon h play.
but dnecl opposition is of con*quede in many
Compare coNrucA,E souAxEs, when the dis
tane betNeen the kings usually contai.s ar ledl
one odd-numbered co-ordinate. Some aurhonlies
regard rhe opposition as a special cae of conjugale
squares, ode$ reeard conjtrgale squaro snuadotu
6 a special form of opPositiDtr which they
designale irregular oPposition.
OPPOSmION TIEME, a problenisfs term lor a
'duel' betveen a shire piece and a black pieei
somerines nore pieces arc i.lolved. (The yord
opposi(on in this context does nor be.rns normal
meaning as unde6tood by playes a.d study
a
7&
%,
w"
wt
%&,
r&
A problen by Loyo, acrpz,sel lll$d . Zeitukg,
1869. Aicr rhe key, I QI1, the battlc is fonght
bclween While's queen and Black'sbishoP: 1 . . .
Bb2 2Obl, i...Bc3(d4) 2Od3r1...Be5(t6)
2 Qf5. BY-Pr.AY: 1 . . . g3 2Ng6+.
ORANGUaANOPENINC,5, d.tingfrom lhe l9tn
centuy dd also called the Hunt, ?olish, or
Sokolsky Opening. During lheNew York touma
nenl 1924. rARrAxowd visired the zoo, a.d was so
inpressed by Suza., the Ora.g Utan, that he
decided to dedicale his ncxl game to her. On the
following day he p,aycd I b4 against Mr6czy. The
opening had bccn siudied and practised by the
Mccow mathenatician Nikolai Vasilyevich