chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

was little advance md the l9th i then Players f.on
different cities and @unl.ies began to pool lheir
hnowl€dge. and a dislinct inpro,emenl nay be
fouod in ,sNrs.H's book and Bileuer's eNDuuc!,
both published in lhe ca.ly 1840s. Sin.e then
knorlcdge and undestanding oithc oPenings has
arcsn ieadrly Thcre ha!e been many innovi106
i.dL therr rder sarne! cccetrance only \hcn
de\eluped and resEJ rn dJy. lhe qork of man,
hJnds F.r a long lrmc nlryetu Plcnncd from lhe
Itrsl move lo drt,ck the enem, kins. From thc
1870s such axacki.gplaybecamcthe ultinalc but
nol the lisl object oi thc game (6ErNr4. and
uprnrna nlaj was drrectcd losird\ ohjectne\ ufi
Eaneral kin.l, broadly the i(h'evemenr ot grearcr
inobrliry by mean\ ot dcvelonmenl and conrol ut
the e;re Specth( ohlectnA .re determncJ
ldrer The rnosr popular fi6r move\ Jre I e1 rnd l
d4, fashion ar larioB times Prcfcrring one or the
oincr. Thenlollos I c4 and 1 NB inthatordcr.The
sanes ol e,cry malch 1or the world cha,npionship
anle lrom 1886to 1981 beganwith onc olthese tour
A beEn.ersoon6ml\ rr nc.essao lo havl sonre
Lnu{E;Ec of the.pen'nas.Ile m.y dLcide upun i
hmiLed reDertore as c!en ftnets somenme\ do
uc mLetri sudv rrom buok\, but ir h( le.h
disincl;ed to unravel 1he labyrinlhine varialions ol
a contenporary oPenings monoSraph or manual he
6ight instead sludye numberolgamcs in which a
ccrlain opening is used, .limc_honoured way lo
eai. an undeNaDding ol lhc nnderlying idcas
OPENINCS LTTERATURFj. Early wrilers in_
clu ed mndelopenrng\ in rhetr w.r[s, hur the fRr
cuLhor to arlempt r.omprehensi!e rurvey ol
oDeninss known at the time lnd lo labul.te them
Nnh his E .).loprdie (1837)i
rAENrscn produced the lirsl oPenings analyses on
rodcrn linesinhis,4,arse,,ur.l. d.s ouve ura
t 342 l), ind rhe ments .l rhere bool" $crc
cumbrned 'n
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