chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

OBLIGATORY CEECT, a term u*d by Idrt
PRoBLEM composers indicatinc thai one side nar
give check ifablc ro do so Of medieval origin- this
stipulalion is used ior eranple in a chccking
OBSTRUCT, to plae a man on a ce.tain square so
thil anotncr matr ol the same colour cannot be
moved to that quarei loo*ly, rointerferc. In the
ARut all tbe nen cxcept lhe knights aad Pawns are
OBSTRUCTION, the action ol obstructingr the
man that causes anotner nan to be obstructed.
OITRUSM PIDCE, a piece in a legal position *r
by a omposr that musi bave been created by
promotio.. The rem n not used lor pieces so
crealeddunngtheplay. PlaceWhite Kc6,Bb8, and
Pc7, and Black Ka8. and While mates in three by
t Ba7 L\a7 2 c8:R (A. F. McnN^E, Jamai.a
Glearel.1891). The bnhop is oblruive lorBlack\
lastmovemusthavebeen., . (ar-a8a.dWhite\
belore tha! Pb7 b8:B+. isee oarEoDox PRos-
ODDS, GAMES AT, see naNDIcaP.
6IM, ToNU (1941 ), soviel playcr. Iarema'
tional Correspondence Cness Grandnasrer
(1981), winner (+10:6) or the 9th world Cortespondence
Championship 1977 83. An Estonian,
he was bo.n i. Talinn tlbere he works in lhe P.
Keres Chess houe and lor the Estoni.n Sports
O'KELLY DE GALWAY. ALBERIC (19I1 8O).
Belgian professional player, Intemational Grand
mastcr (1956), Inremational Corespondence
Ches Crandnasler (1962), l.ternational Arbiter
(1962). A lrequenl competitor in ronrnaments, he
made his best ovER-rEE soARD licrory a1 Dort
mund l9s1 (about ategory 8). but hh b$r
achievement ras probably the winnine of the dird
world Correspondence chanpionship 1959 62.
Six times winner olthe Belgian chanpionship lrom
l95l to 1958 and elelen tihesvinner ofthe Royal
Belgian Chess Federatioa chanpionship lron 1937
to 1956. he played lor his @un1ry in eight
olyMprDs lron 193710 1968.In his laleryeas h€
gavenoreolhistinelochcssorganizaiionandpas
chiet ATBTER for the world ches cha6Pionship
matches oI 1966 and 1969. A good Unguist aid a
prolilic author. he srore nany articlcs and books,
oltcn in languages other lhan lhis oM
O'KELLY VARIATION, a39 in the stcILhN
DEENCE, irst made popular byrARr (owERin thc
1920s, ard r€-exanided by o'KELLY in the 1950s
OLAFSSON, FRIDRIK 0935 ), lntemaiional
Grandnaster (1958), the strongesr Icelddicplayer
up tohistime. He le{ned chess al tne ageofS,wo.
the,aiional chadpionship lor the frrsl titue when
hewas 17, and became $idely known at rhe age of
20 when hc shared firsr prize with (oR.HNor,
Hastings 195tu. In the Porloroi inte.rcnal
lournanenl 1958 he cane fif1h cqual wih F scsR
and qualiied toi the Ca.didales toumaoenl of
1959. ln rhis cvcnt his lack of top levelexperiencc
told against him: consisrenlly io time trcuble, he
took seventh place. Around thn dme he conpleled
his la{ studies andoblained a post in the Ministry
oi Justicc. Du.ingthenext Iewyeas his bcsi resulis
wcre: Ls Aneeles 1963- about category 15, ihnd
(+1=7 3) equal with NATDoRF after rcREs and
PFTROSVAN AhCAd Of RESSEVSXY ANd GI-IGOR't:
Lugano 1970. atDut calegory 12, seond
(+5:7 2) arter uRslN ahead of Glison6i wijk
aan Z.e 7971, about caiegory 12, second
(+6=7 2) equalwith drcv, Gligoria, and Petrosyan
arter Korchnoi: Reykjavit 19?2, fiBr
(+8=6 1) equal wirh GHEoRcn,u and roRr ahead
ofsErNiand Las Palnas 19?4, seotrd (+7=6 2)
equal witt BELtAvs( alter uuBorEvre and ahead
l. 1974 Olatsson gare up his gove.nmenl posl lo
become a proresional playcr, and al wijt aan
Zee 1976, catcgory 12, achieved his besl touraamcnt
res lj n6t (+1=7) equal rb Ljtrbojevia
ahead oI r L. Ar Reykialit later i. the year he
rored +7=8 and sharcd 6Bt prize snh nMMAN.
Olafsson played in seve.al olynpiads lrom 1952,
norably makingthe bestRrst boardserc (+10=8)
at Varna in 1962. His few nalches include a
ctushing defeat (+4:2) oI prhrx in 1955.In 1978
Olafsso. was eleded president of EDE for a
fouFyear tem in su.ession to EUVE.
Smeikal Olalssn R.vttavik 1973 Kins\ Indian De
I c,l NI6 2 Nc3 g6 I Ni3 Bg7 4 e4 d6 5 d4 0.0 6 Bs2
c5 70 0c6 3 QC NbdT S Rd1Qc7 10Rbl ex'14 l1