chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

222 NAJDORF VARIATION
Black s lripling on rhc b-nb and his hold on llr. rrcHr
sou^BEs eive him a decnive advanrase. 2s Ras (not 25
Nxca Rxs2+) 25 . . lj 26 h3 h6 ?? Kn1N16 23 Rc5
Ra2 29 RBI Qfl 30 c4 Rbb2 :rl Nxcr Rc2 l2 Qe3
34Nb6 Rac3 35 ()d4(]h5 360xd5+
Kh7 37OxrRrh3+ 33eih3Qrh:l+ 39Qh2NInatc.
NAJDORT' VARTATION, 262, popular line in lbe
sr.rlhN DEFENCE. The original idea was lhal Black
would nswer 6 Be2 by 6 . . c5. suppo*dly an
inprovenent on rhc Bor-Eshvsky v^i,^noN.
White has scvoal other oplions on his sithmo!e,
ro some ofvhi.h Black would nol ind thc reply
6 .. e5expedient. Evenso, Najdofs5... a6is
a usetul mole lbr thc defence. He Played and
,dvocarcd his va.ialion iron .round 1947. bu1 it
had been played previously, by caNAr. (Black)
against BocouuBor, Cadsbad 1929. and by
omaENsd (on scvcral occasionr, (orov, and
other mastc6. (See MEc(Nc: PoLUcAEvscl
SBNJ TSLSHKOVSOi UNACKER,)
NAPIER, WILLIAM EWART (1881 1952),
English bornptayervhose lanilycmigratcdtDthe
USA wnen he vas live yea6 old and moved to
Brooklyn in 1895. There he learned his chess.
achieving seleral local successes nrcludine a 1ie
qirh Eug.nc Delmar (1841-1909) lorsecond place
,Ir.r r" 'sR',py
and,hezd ofM^nsEAr r in the Neu
York State Chanpionship 1901. Lalerrhalyearhe
retumed to Engl.nd to study mDsic and moslly
siudied chess instcad. ln each ol rhe three major
lounaments in which he onpeted, Modte carlo
1902, Hanover 1902. andCambridge Springs 190.1,
he won a BRTLLTANCY pRrzE: and in lhe fi6tBritnh
Chess Fcderation Championship 1904 he tied with
ArkrNs for fiEl place, gaining rbe rifle atrer !
ptav-off (+1=3). In 1905 Napierdrewanalchwith
MrBEs (+4=2,1). losttorE,.HMANN (+1:4-5),
and thcn returned to New York. Soon altetrards
he gave up 1i6t-cla$ compelitive ches, becnme a
naruiatized Us ciiizei (1908), and moved to
PenDsyl,ania 10 make hn .areer in the S.ranlon
Lit€ Assurance Conpany (ot which be becane
lice presidedt. He nariied oLLsBURy snie.e, aod
brougnt up a lamily ol tso dauehters. For some
iimc he edired a chess columo in rne Pjtsbutgh
Dqa,.r, and otherwis€ nainlained bis interest in
lhe gane. Fiom 1932 he liled in Nes York,
Philadclphia. and washiogton wherc he eDjoyed
NAPOL(ANO! MARIO (191CL ), halian
player, Internntional Cotrcsponde.ce Chess
Grandmastc! (1953), local sovernnenl otlicer.
Althotrgh he played in severrl Binor ovrR-rn.-
BoARD rournanents rvith some succcss and in rhe
olynpiads ol l935 and1937. he isbetterknornior
his achievenents in postal chess: Ninner of thc
Ilalian cnanpiotuhip 1941 and 194?. sccond equal
Nilh @wcnEN after puRDy in the nBt World
Corrcsponde.ce Championship 195G53.
NATIONAL MASIER, a title awarded by a
national orga.izalion for perfomance in events
under ns onrol. and sooerines connned 10
citi&ns oithe host counlry. Thcre arc no intcrnationall,
imposed requnemenls. Both the method
oI qualifying and the slandard oI perlornance vary
between counrries. Such awards were f6r made
regularlyin Gernany. (Sce EAUmuRN,rR.) Fron
thc 1950s. shen FIDE introdued itsintemationdt
titles and when rating nelhods vere developed,
the practi@ ol awarding nalional lilles became
NATIONAL TOURNAMENT, an cvent for sbich
entry is restricted io nationals olone ounrry. Tle
most important are lor the litle ot nalional
.hampion. The leading chess countries holdmany
chess toumaments thronghDnt lhe year and
alrhough c.try h not always resricred dany of
them do not altraci players lron abroad so thal
they become. in eitect, national lournamcnts. and
are often so called. Since 1939 the skongesl
national tournamcnts have laken plae in tbe
USSR. where ihe chanpionsbips are somelines
.ategory 13. An elcep(onally strong toDrnament,
Leningrad Moscow 1941, a so-called 'absolule
chanpionship ofthe USSR', was Non by BoNN-
NENAROKOV, VLADIMIR IVANOVICH
(1880-1953), Rusian player, IniernationalMaster
( 1950). Beginning his cdeer in the lis! All Russia
toumanenr, Moscow 1899 (wo. bycHrcoR,N). he
went on to sin the Moscow City Chanpionship lbe
following year. He drew a 6atch vilh rAnrA(owER
rN1905(+2 2),DEFEATEDDUz-GorrMrsnin1907
(+5=1 3), and again won ihe Moscow champio.ship
in l908.ln the same year he won all 1hree
games of a natch against ALETTNE| curiously
Nenaroko! is chieiy remembcrcd for this malch
'againsl a 16 yeaFold, probably because Alekhine
ncvcr meniioned lhis defeal in tbe record of his
ca.ee.. Duringihe 1920s Nenarokovplayedin iour
Mosow and Iive d.tional chaopionships with a
bes! result ol equal thnd in thc second USSR
Championship 1923. He t$ice won the Moscow
Championship hy deleating the boldercfl coRrE! in
march play: 1922 (+6=2 3)add1924(+6=,1 4J.
Nen!roko! wiotc somc nrtru.tional books including
a book oD the sP^Nrss orENrNc.
NENAROKOV VARTATION, 3?9, a litlle-played
linc in the sPANrsH orENiN..
NEO-CATALAN OPENIN(i, 688, a sequence ol
moles rhat oft€n leadsto thecatalansynen Gee
NEO.GR.NFELD VARIAITON, 2I1, PTOPETIY
called tbe rcMERI vARhnoN.
NEo.oRTHoIx)x VARIATION. 101 i. the
OUEENiS CAMDIT DECIi'Ed,