chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

MARSHALL DEFENCE 205
York in 1896. and $o. became a prof€ssio.al il inrerfere with seriou play. Although he ws lbe
player. His style was combinative a.d he sought lcading Anencan player aner Pi[sbuty's dealh itr
open positions aom which he might launch an 1906 unril GstsDAN s rne to lame aroutrd 1930,
attack. Early in 1904. or sooner, he .oalized the MaBhall nad nany hard iimes as a chess
Iinitarions oi this sryle. Conbinative play re profess'onal. Fortunatcl, h6 unaltelred and oD!
mained his p.eferen@, and he was Proud of his soinE pE6oncl'ry brcushl him many friends, and
reputation for swDL6, bul he acquned some with lheii help he opened Mamhall's Chess Divan'
pcirional sldls, improved his NDGAm and dcfen_ in 1915. From il rhe fanous Marsh.U Chess club
siye play, and sttrdied the openi.gs. He w.s sprang, and in 1931 lhe nembers pu.chased a
sll@nlidcnt, 6uld judge well his oPponent\ house in Manhaltan, providi.g both club rcoms
capabilities, dd nade a lan su@ess oI his dd a se@re home. Returfling home late at .icht
tour.ament career. He won ihree strcng tou.naments:
canbridso spnngs 1904 (+11=4) two collapsel a0dd'cd in thenreer Hiswrfecu0tlnued
from a chess event in Jesey City, Mushal
Doitrts ahead ol uss and rANU{su:Nurembere nr n'n rhe.h.\sctub untl her dearh in 1971 (See
:lqlb (+o:7) abead ofD!rsmJ s.HEcHrp. and rM. (1).)
Havana 1913 (+8:5-1) ahead of CAPABNG. Ma6halLBdsolirbos Ne* Yoik l9u4 Que€nscanbit
Otheryne his best results were: ?aris 1900, third Declined, E\change vanaiion
(+11=2 3) eqnal with N6czY after Lasker and
1d4Nt6 2Nl3e6 3Bs5d5 4e3Nbd7 5.4c6 6 qdl
prlsBuny; Monte C.rlo 1904, about caregoiy 12,
ei5 TNclQaS 3Bd3Ne4 9Oc2N45 10NigJh6 1l
third (+4=5 1) alter Mar6czy and Schle.hteri Nf] Be7 120-00-0 13alQd3 14Raela5 15Oe2Nl6
Sd Sebastian 1911, aboul @teeory 13, Iourth 16Ne5Bd6 17f4.5 13Bb1Bd7 19Oc28.6 20
'lxd
(+4=9 1) after cap.blanca, RIBINSTEIN, and Bxc5 2l Khl Res 22s4Bd4 23 Nr6bx.6 21e5Ng4
DMAR ahead oI Schlechte. and rdMscHi New 25 Qh7+ Kir 26 g3 Qb6
York 1915, s@nd (+10=4) alter Capabl anca i and
London1927,thnd (+4-7) aitcr NIMzowtB.E ind
w w\ffi
MaEhall liked the rough and tumble ot tournamenr
play and had neither the style nor tbe
w %,r
renperament tor long and hard-foughl matches: he ffitw w
was decisively bealen by Ta.r6ch
n&w
in 1905, Las*er nr.w
in 1907, and Capablanca in 1909.In severaloi his
many other nalctes he achieved notable vi.lories:
rECIMNN, 1902 (+2=3)i Ja.owski. 1905
ffi %&,
(+8=,1-5) a.d 1912 (+6:2-2)i McsEs, 1908
(+5=1 4)i rEoNtsArDr, 1911 (+2=,1-1)i a.d ffiww.
Duras, 1913 (+3:1-l).
In 1909 Ma6hall, alter deieating sqowrrER in a
natch (+7:3 2),.iained theus chanpionship. 27 Bl5 (white sivcs up the exchanse. punuing hn
He defe.ded this title only once when hc dcfeated Nc HUM ) 27.
"aw ffiH
Nt2+ 28IIII? BxD 29Qh3+ Ke7
Ed. Lsmin 1923 (+5:9 4). Olherchalle.ses 30 QxeT Kd3 31 Qf6+ Re7 32 e6 nd4 l3 exa/ Bxf6
@uld not raise the stake noney and in 1935, under 34 f3 Q+ Kc7 35 R\.7+ BxeT 36 Qxa8 Kd6 37 Oh3
nressurc'fron tud$ o @ast. the Jrcdob 0l thc QdB 33 Oe5+ Black resgnsi aner 33 . . . Kc5 White
naiss in four. For this gme Manhal *as a*arded the
ir.'i"".rcr,.* r.a.-ti". un:n,mo6h to
orsatrid tournamenls for rhe ""kLl
championship. To
this Ma$hatl agr;ed, and bis cluh donated a
suitable trophy. (Thc 6Bt US ChanpionshiP
ATTACK. 557, standard line in tbe
toumanent, Non by REssEvsc, wd hcld in 1936.) ^44.RSIIALL
KNc-s cAMnn Declined inlroduced in the game
MrRhallplJyed ror and aplained the US term in Marshall-E. Cohn. Carlsbad toumadenl 1907.
n!e Ollmpiads, l9lu. 1q.l I , l9ll. 1915. an{j lql7.
making lhe best second-board sore in .1933
MARSHALL COUNTEIIATTACK. 411 in the
(+4=6) and briocins hone the sold medal four
Black gives up a pawn Ior a
strof,g attack, a sacnlce inlroduced to daster play
In 19,12 this prc-Dcopied old gentleman who
by MA*!^LL in the Ncw York rournamenl 19i8.
looks likc a Shakespearean actor, smokes stroog
His opponenl, cApABNcA, met lhis prePared
ciea6, atrd lakes a chess hoard to bed wilh him so
variation with equaainity and Yon rhe gane. a
thaihecanrecordanyplayshethintsup'published rcsuk that pur tbisline ont oI business lor about 20
M! Filr Yea^ of chess (ghosled by Fred Rein- yeaB. Sidce the 1940s improvements lor Black
Ield). The book contains 140 ol his sanes and a
Lave been found. but eitensirc analysis has tailed
briel antobiography. and was repnnled as Marshalls
Be Aahes ol cne$ (1960). uis only
to provc whelher the sacri6ce is sound.
inlerests were che$ and lanily lile, to both of
which he was devotedihis only Reakness a liking MARSHAIL DETENCE, 106, Llubious variatioo in
fordnnk, but he sas 1oo p.ofessional a player ro let the ouEEN s GAMurr Declined.