chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

2M MAKOGONOV VARIATION
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lron 198. He was awarded the title oI tnrehational
Corespondence Ches Granddaster in 1953 for
his achicvcmcntin tne first WordConespondence
Chmpionship whe. he came second equal wilh
NArcmANo atrer puDy. This evenr took plae
fron 1950 to 1953 and. Iollowing an accident,
Malmgren spent 13 months of this time in plaster
and was able lo devore most oI his convalescence to
MAN, a piece or pawn
16 Nft6lxc6 (Blicl fnds ho cannot efely uin whire\
quccn: 16. . . Bio+ l7 RxO R: r3tsi3 fxe6 19
Bc4d 20 Rafl Nd7 2l Rl7 and Whire vins. ) 17Qh3c5
l8Bg4KhB 19&e6Na6 20Kh1Nc7 2lBg1a4 22al
B:c3 23 hxc3.4 24RabtQd 25 Rl67 Rab{t 26L1b3
Rib3 27 Qg3 Rb3 2n Rdl Rb6 29 Rd3+ KE? 30 h4
Rd6 31RcBc5 32hiRd:l 33Qh1h6 34hxg6 Qd6 35
Rh3 Qx36 16 Bf5 Black resisns.
MAI(OGONOV VAXIATION, 180, a ladarion in
tbe cRnNrED DEENC. introduced by e(ocoNov
in 1951:207 in the KNcs rNDhN rEENcE.
MAKOI'EIZ, GYULA (1860 1903), Hungarian
player, journalisl. ln lournament play he met
strong opposition only twice: Gru 1890, shen he
cane 6Bt (+4=2) ahead orMUER, hsKEr(whom
he defeated), andcno; and Dresden 1892, Nben
he shared secondplace with th€ Bohemian player
Moritz Po,gcs (1858-1909) after raRus.H ahead
ol Marco, wdBroDr, and 8NELEBEN. Makovetz
edited Hungaryt list chess mageine Budapetti
Satr .e4ie from its inccption in 18891o 1894,lhe
year befor€ it expired. He srole books on political
MALICII, BURKHARD (193G ), Interdation '
al Grandmasler (1975). Tvice champion of E6l
Germany (l957. 1973), he played lor hiscounl.y in
eieht on*ctrdve Olympiads, 1958 72. Althoueh
nol a frequent conpetiror io loumaoenls, he has
not bcen unsu(e$tu!, havi.g won 6rst prizc in
th.ee evenrs of about catego.y 8 o. 9, Zinnowit
1971, DEain i976, and Leipzig 197? wtren he tied
with SMFXAL and oM(. Malich achieved his best
rcsuli in stro.gcrercnh wncn hc took thnd prizc
(+6:8 1) ballapointbehind LUr,rcv andHoRlat
Ilipzi9 1973.
MAL(IN VARIATION. 381 in the spANrsn oprxrNG,
naned afier an engineer,J. Malkin, who sas
born i. Rusia but senl early to Berlin where he
became well knovf, for nis study of openings. His
analysis oI ihe Spanhh Opening (Closc Ddcncc)
was plblnbed in 1913 14.
MALMGREN, IIARALD VALDEMAR (190!L
57), SNednh phyer who speci.lized inposral play
MANDLER, ARTHUR (1891-19?1). Cm.n composcr,
International Judge of Chess Compositions
(1956), International Master tor Cbes Conposi
tions (1966). A nne endsane analysl, he Nas a
nasrer of sludies wnn didaclic content, i. lhe
'natural slyl6 advocaied and pracrised by his cloF
friend RiI. whose siudies pere collecred and
published by Mandler in 1931. (See coNruGArE
SAUNESI CE'NDER BO^TD.)
MANITATTAN DErENCE,89, also known as the
Westphalia DeIence, a variatio. in the auEN s
cdBtr Declined played ai New York 1927, a
roumament locatedin Manhaltan;bulthe defence
sas known long bcfore, havi.g oc.urred, fo.
example. in tlre lonrnane.t Sane Ed. Lasker
Capablanca, New York 1915.
MANN, tic cerman name lor a piee Ned id
cou{m. A Ma,, may be noved one square in any
direction. The Arabic hislorian alMas ndi writing
.,950 mentions a pie.e pnh sinilar powe6 of
movemenr which was used for a lorn of GEAT
cqEss and called a DSBAEA.
MANNUEIM VARIATION, 30 i. the aurEN's
c^MunAccrEnD. inrroduccd byBoaouuBow in his
23rd game agai.si ALEGTNE in 1934, dunnS lhe
part of lheir narch rhartr.s locared in Mannheim.
MANGUVRE, a lactical operalion desiSned to
improve a player\ posnioni ro 6ake such an
operationa lo jock€y ior position. A nanatrvrc is
neither a oMBTNA roN (for lhe eleme.ts oI surprise
'
and sacnice are lacti4) no( a suskined auack.
Man@uvring is the nomal way to proceed when
dncd mcthods are notfediblei lhus, w.ites EUWE,
a player seks 10 build upon a snall advantage.
(For exanples see lhe games by KARpo, and
raRRAscnundcr rcsrroNAlPLAY and SPA.E resPectively.)
NNzowrBcH, who wrole exlensively on
the subjecl in his books, pointed oul tha! evenly
balanced pGitions lrequently had somc dislinctivc
features that could lorm a b6is ior nanaNring.
No.nally mancuvres are specifici each player
sorling oul his oM, but ene, esp€cially in lhe