chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

L6PEZ-4TANUTIO COTNTDR.GAMBIT. 569 i.
rhe KNG s c MBr A@epted. a risky defe.ce fisr
LOPEZ oPENtric, 351, anolhcr name for the
LORD YARIAaION, 536 in rh
later revived as the 4NHAM vARIAlloN. Il was
introdued by lhe English ptaye. John Inrd in rbe
1860s.
LO.SE A MOVE, an inexact term usualy meadng
to lose a ienpo (below) but sometimes neaning to
an inmrect usage. BIRD in his
Chess Hittolt @d Remiti-rce@$ tells the follow
ing lale of l9lh-centuryganesmanshiP. llNwrz,
not quite so small6cuNsDERG, seened sinldng to
the ground, but lhe story th.t he oncc disappea.ed
oveiawed by srAlMoN's style and manner oI
movingi and was, aller a search, fomd mder the
iable, is a mere can.rd of Stsmlon's *hich need
tut be 1oo conide.tly a@epted, Staunton
prelended som€rimes nol ro \cc HarruiE. anJ
would h,ok r.und tic room and even under Ihe
chairs for hin vhen he vas silting a1 his clboN,
which greatly mnoyed HaNitz, wno . . . *6 nol
slow to .eraliate. In a game one day, Suunlon
natenaly danased his prospects . . . and leslily
complained'lhavelosramove." Harruitzloldthe
waitcr lo stop his pork, and earch ihe roon for
Slanntont lost mo!e, and his manner of saying it
caused adegreeof mcrrimentbynoneanspleasing
to the Engljsh chanpion.
LOSE A TDMPO, 10 play in n moles what @uld
have been ac@mplished in n I moves. Throughout
the game a player almost always endeavou$ to
gain time md i loss of onc or more iedPi is usually
disadlantageou, btrt exceprions are not unusual.
Forexample, alter 1d4 d5 2c4c6 3NBNl6 4e3
e6 5 Nbd2NbdT 6Bd3d Blact hasasaiisfactory
position altholgh the advance oI his pawo 10 d hs
taken iwo 6oves i.stead of ode. Losing a tonpo
may happen at my stagd of the game and should
nol be @nlused with losing lhe nde, m odgane
mancuwe in which a player inEnliona,ly loss
LO.SE ON IIMD, to lose lhe gme because thc
stipdated nlmber of moves has not been compleled
Iithin the allotred dme.
LOSE IEE DXCEANGE, to lose a iook for a
MNoR pEcE. Sonetimes a player sacrifices the
exchange to gain positional advanlage. (See ou
rc$ ror rwo exanPles.) oaasionaly a playe.
rercyeE lost grcund after losine lhe exchango ad
decides he has sac.fied the exchange.
I-OSE TflD MOVE, to play as touows: a player
whose turn ir is to move mancuvres so that it shall
be his opponenas turn io move in an identic.l or
LOVEDAY ]93
similar position, lhus placiog hin in zuczw^Nc or
subjecring hin 10 a souEEzE. LosinS the nove,
uually a mancuue that oeus only if, the
endgame, nay be achieved by moving the king
(rxNGUuroN), a oawn (a rmo'MovE), or a
line piece (a wAmNG Mo!E).
LOSgn\iSKY, LEV ILYICH (19iH6), Soviet
high school teacnc r widely regarded as th e greatest
of all problem conpose$. In 1956 he was elected
Intcrrarional Judge ol Chess Conposiiions, and
when in 1972 the title ol I.termtional Grandndter
lor Chess Conpositio.s w.s inlroduced, he was
one of o.lv four to re@ive it. Winner oi an
exeprionanl ldge number of tomey awardr, nc
is specially famous lor his ortnodox UREE
MovERS. He won the rhree-nover secliotr of the
first ni.e USSR conposins chmpionships, which
took place lrom 1945 ro 1968: he won thc semnd
0947 8), third (1949 52), Iourth (1953 5), and
sirth (1959-61) UssR No MovrR championshiPsi
and h€ *on the eighlh (19614) MoE MovER
chanpio.ship. Wbat he did', wites MmEws,
'was to do lery much belter and carry very much
lurther rhings that were being done to sme exreol
already. The result was a standard of codposinon
never previously attained.' (see BNrEr BLoc(.)
Vladimirov. Koftnan, and UmnDvj Grasrnen e/
shakhnattui Konposinii 1t980) contains a biography
of Loshinsky and Bore than 500 of his
LOSING CIIESS, an urorthodox gam€. Both
playen mNt capture if they can but if nore lhatr
one capture is possible they nay exercise choi@,
There is neither check nor checlmate. *ings may
be captured and nay be noved inlo check. A pawtr
may be p.omoted ro a king. A player wins when he
h6 lost all his oen, including his kitr8, or sheo he
is unable to nove any of his nen.
ln 1876 walte. Cmpbel devisd Take Mo' i.
which capture is coEpnl$ry only il denandedi the
objecr is rhe same as in losing ches.
LOSS. According ro the hws a player loses iI he is
checkmaled or il he resigns. In conpedtions he
lGerirhe exceeds the rinelinii. arives nore than
one hou. (or other srated period) lator $an the
rimc set for the sran of play. makes atr indecipher
able or ilegal saled move. or refuses to conply
wilh the laws a.d RUB as interpreted by lhe
I-OST FOSIITON, a position tbai should he ,6t if
played cor.ectly by botn conteslanls.
LOUMA VARIATION, 248 in ihe stolN DE
rENcE, &ned afler the Czech player Josef Iruma
0898 1955).
LOVEDAY, HENRY AUGUSTUS (18198),
origi.ato. oI the NDN rsEME. (see also PnoBLEM