chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

LADDER COMPETITION. a conlinmus evenrin
nrany ches clubs. Ilayc6 arc ranhcd and listcd.
and any player is enlitled to challenge the pemon
inmediately above (or sometines eilher ol lbe
next tso). ll rhe challenger wins rhey exchange
pla.es. othcmise thcrc k no cnangc. In thc
problen world laddeB take a differenr fom
Poinls are awarded lor problen solving and when
fie coopelitor reaches a predeternined ligure he
k said lo havc ascended tnc hddcr and may rc.civc
a prize as $eU as lhe glory. IIis score is then
can elled and he siarts agiid.
LADDER MATE, a natc Ucccdcd by a srArR.AsF
H. Noman ltansen (1399 ) Erik AndeBen (lgtlr
33) Club ma(h, ftp.ihagc.,l9l0 PctioffDrfci.c
:lNxe5d6 4NANrel 5 d4d5 6ndl
Bd6 7 r)-0 r)-0 3.48g4 9.xd515 10Nc3 Nd7 11h3
Bh5 12 Nxe4 rxel 1:l Rxe, Nr6 l4BJ5Kh3 15 Bcri?
Ne4 16e4 Bs6 17 q2 Of6 lsBer Raes re h4 Rxe6
20 dxe6 N.3 2t brc3 Be,1 22 K53 0rB+ 23 oxB
R{l+ 24Kl, Black nowb.sii
t
Yz%%
t7& %r*
w ryLz&
t&, v%,
% ffiaw
wwH
W* 7&, 'ffi
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24 Rg3+ l5Kh2Rg2+ 26Khl Rh2+ 27Kgl Rhl
&I-LAILAI. ABU L-FAR-{J bin al MUZAFFAR
bin sAliD (d...970), pupil ol as snri and auihor
ofan importaot chess book. Thh bookis no longer
exranr bnt manuscripis conlainidg sode oI ils
conrenrs have suNived and in A Hittory of Ch?ss
MURMY giles all that he could 6nd ol tbe openings
systemssivcnbyLailai (seerABaA.)Parejainhis
La f6e arubo del gioco degli sca.t/,i ( Romc. 1953)
believed rhere were two separalc players known as
al Lajlal ($c stammcreo i but Murray thought tbar
Abn l-Faraj Muhamn.dbin Obaidallah allajlat
was merely a v.riatio. in thc names of the same
LANDAU, SALO (190.q3), Polish Jcs who
sertled in the Netherlands at thc limc olthe Fnsl
world War. Du ne the i930s he was regarded as
the besl Dutch player afler EUWE. His he(
toum,ment result was at Rolicrdan 1931. 6ml
(+4=2) ahead of.oLLr. ,^Rr^(owER, and IIBIN
srErN. Winner ot the national cbanpionship in
1936 (Eu*e *rs not conpeting), Landau played
lor his ldoptcd.ountry in the Olynpiads oI 1930
and 1937. He was killed bylheNazn arAuschwitz,
LANDAU VARIATION. 48 in the Shv DEFENCE,
popularized in the 1930si 154, the RUBTNSTETN
lNL{rroN ot the MMzo IND'AN D.r.N.r.
LANDSTRASSE GAMBIT, 684. rhe REn opENrNc.
Tbe opening thal rfr nade nore widely tnown
was.dalysed lirn by Allred Emil woll ( 1900-21).
son ofS. R. Wolf. andoDe-limeVienna championi
hewas a memberof theLandstrasseSchachbundof
LANGI' ATTACX. see M^x hNGE ^nAcK,
LANGE VARIATION, 481, slandard line in ihe
reconnended by Mu
LARSDN, BENI JORGEN (193! ). Danish
Dlavcr, Inteinalional Grand6asler (1956), anonA
ihe wodds best tea lor about 15 yca6 Born at
Tilsted in Judand. he learned the noves shen he
wassix. Allhoughnorspeciall] utented.sayouth,
hc bcgan toearn noneytiomchessatthe age o118.
He commenced a cou6e in civil enginee.ing but
soo. abandoned his studies to becone a lull rime
chess prolcssional, eaming a living i.om play and
journalism. tlis li6t notable sncccsscsNcrc in tso
srong toumanents at Beverwijkr first equal with
FrRosyAN in 1960 and lh$ (+7=1 1) equal with
Ol the great masleB sho begafl thcir carccs
atrer the Second World War Larsen sas the 6rst to
offer a se.ious challcnCc lo playc( ol the Soliel
bloc He Ras soon to be followed by liscHER bnt lor
a time his achielenenrs were ! considerable
encouragemcnt to playcrs oI lhc wesi. In sorld
championships Larsen cane fi6t in lhree inter
zoDal burn.menrs, a record equalled only byrAr.,
bur he was Iess succcsstul in tnc maf.h play that
followed. IIe quaUned as a Candidale in four
interzonals: Amsterdan 1964, li6t (+13=8-2)
equalwilhsMys.o!,spassx!andTal,followedbya