chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

170 KOLISCH DEFENCE
in Vienna. There be became secrciarv to GriAor!
Alexandrovicb Kushelev Bezborodko 0832-70),
a banker rho was presidenl ol the St PeteBburg
Chess Club. Togetner tbey travclled Euiope lrom
1859 and Koinch played matches against leading
p1aye6 in faris, London, and Sr Peiersburg. Hc
defcated naRRwrrz (+2=1 1), EoRwrrz (+3 l).
T W. BARNES (+ I0-ll.Ilya S. Snumov (1819j1)
(+6 2). and RosEN.tu^L (+7 1). Hc drcs sirh
oEN (+1 4), NDETSSEN (+5=1 5), andsergci
S. Urusov (1827 97) (+2 2), and losr ro AndeBsen
(+3=2-4) and r_ pAUrsnN (+6=18 7). While
playing ?aulsen in London he staycd with a Mr
Slrode, owner oi Cbnlehurn , larer tb e resi dence
ofNapoleon Ill. tror.En wrote that Shode.likine
Koliscb scompany. offcrcdtopay him !5 foi every
maich game he did nol lose, lhe .esulr bcing an
excePdonal dumber ol dra*n eames. In Feb. 1863
Kolisch gave up his employnent and went lron
London to Pa.n. TlEre he m€i inrRpr ry. who broke
his promise lo play a matcb. From 1864 10 18tj? hc
indulged in fnancial specuhnon, spending six
monihs of 1866 in Sardinia. Hc sas able 10 gile
valuable advice lo the Pans branch ol lhe Rothschild
lamily 10 whom he had heen introduced in
1859: he was laler reNarded for il Somewhal
annoyed that be bad not been coosuhcdaboul the
organizadon oi the P.ris loumament of 1867.
Kolhch nevenncbss attended as a visitor. PeG
suaded to play, he won 66t prizc (+20 2) ahead
ol sErNrrz, uNAwER, and NELM^NN. his finest
chess achievenenr. Steinitz recalls that Kolhch at
oncc sold nis prizc, a Savrcs vase ralued at 4.000
Ir., and one account suggests hc invested the
Proeeds in ProPeny specuiation roliscn Nas
alvays thc busnrc$man 66t, che$ playersecond.
'A young nan with mustachios j short sighted eyes,
and a swaggering mien , Kotisch possessed un
dolbted char6 and seened adept at linding
iDduential lriends whcrclc. he went. Rolhschilds
helped him to sei up as a bank€r in Vienna in 1871,
he became well esrablished within two yeas- a
millionanc by 1880, and was created a baron ric
following year. Soon aieNards he bougbt a
newspaper, the Wi * Allqeh.i e 7jitu.E, in
$hich nc wotc editorials under a pen-name. Hc
indulSed i. Liendlv play and renained a eenerous
patron of chess until hn death.
Kolisch played in the attackine manncr preva
lent in thc 1860s, a sryle superseded amoDg rbe
ieading nasler duing tnc 1870s. Fron 1872 to
1874 a Viednese leanheaded by Kolisch nlayed a
lamous coresponden e nath of rwo gamcs
againsta Londontcam hcadedbySreirirz. London
hiudphed. Steinitz renarkine that wirh these No
gamcs modeo chess began.
S. Jona$on, 1gtrd: ron Kolisch, Schdckhnndre
a.ll Me.e,at (1968) sduins 60 eames and bio-
TOLISCH DEFENCE.6ll in rhe KNG'S.^MRrr
Accepred, given in Bilguels IANDBU.g. 1843,
played by szfN in tbe i830s
KOLTANOIVSKI, GEORGE (190! ), Interia
tional Master ( 1950), Inrc.narion.l Arbiter ( 1960),
rvinner ol lhe Beleian Chcss Federation championshipin
1923, 1927. 1930, and1936,.o winder
in 1932. chcss jounralist. Lealing Europe tosards
lhe end of 1938 he toured Cenlral .nd North
Anerica giine simuhaneous dhplays, sode oI
ihem blindlold ,nd so.n ifter the se..nd w.rln
War began he sculcd in the USA. He played in
three Olympiads, rvice lor Belgium (1927, i928)
and once ior the UsA (1952). Hn tournamenr
rcslhs were modesr, allhough he son some minor
Koltanowski is besl knosn as a joumalist,
arbner-.nd blindlold chess expert. IIe madc radio
broadcash and educational 0lns on chess. srote
more than a dozcn books on the gane, and
supeNised nany loumamenrs. Playing blindlold
he olten gave several displals in a Neek. sithont
apparcnt straini at Edinburgh in 1937 be set up a
sorld blindlold record. playing 34 boards sinul
laneously and sconnS +24=10 nr lll hous.
KONS'IAN'IINOPIoLSKY- AI-F,XANDF,R
MARKOVICH (1910 ). lnternational Grandmaster
0983), Irternation.l corespondcncc
chess Maner(1966). Sovierplayer, be was ar his
best around 1950. when therc sere lewopportunitics
to play abroad. He competed in six USSR
championships lrom 1937 to 1950i in 193? hc
shared semnd place with RAcoz'N ailer LEVENFGE.
and in 19115 and 1950, against stro n gc r opposilion,
he shared fourth and lillh place respeciiv€ly
KONSTAN'IINOPOLSKY OPENING. 530. intro
duced lo naster play in the eamc Konslanlino
pohky Ragozin, tean cbampionship. Mos@*,
ToPAYEV, NITOLAI ANTONOVICH (1914
78).-Sovier railwa! lechnician. It mad€ somc
conrribulions to openings knowledge. and lor
endgamc trearise he Nrole the section
^vED^kH.s onroo(END'Ncs. sbichbeunderslood betier th,n
KOPAYEV VARIATION, 358. linc in lhe sp^N6H
oPENNG e!.nined by (oP^rrv and pAn"ov in the
KORCENOI, VIKTOR LVOVICH (1931 ),
INcrnational Grandmaster (1956), one ol the
world's leading playeis treo about 1960. rankirg
third after !6.HER and spAssxy fron about 1967 to
1975- seond to kRpov lron l9?5 to lS30 ln
Leningrad. his nadle city, he learned the game ar
lhe age olsix andgained hk carlv expenence. He
sufered hardship dnring ihe sicgc oI Leningrad
(1941-3) and, advised thathe was roolraillorlhe
rigours ofa chcss career, took to eadng poridge
daily, which. he belieles. strengthened his constitution.
Certainly he hecame onc oflhe loughesr
and most te.acious playea ol his time. Soon after