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140 HANGINC CENTRE<br />
century srEINIrz. zurcRroRr. and othe. 8.eat<br />
masler playcd in handical <strong>to</strong>urn.nenB but such<br />
events are nos organized only ai .luh lelel<br />
HAN(IINC CENTRFj. HANGTNG DAwNs on lhe<br />
centc filcs, cspecially sh.. rhcyform a.r Assrcar<br />
HANGING PAWNS, a pawN rsr.{ND consisting or<br />
two uniied paNns on HAr.F{pEN FrL.s. Thc tcrm.<br />
ailribuied <strong>to</strong> srErNrz, is used only shen at least<br />
one pawn is otr one oI the four centrai 6les. Tb€<br />
pawn formation in the diagran shoss h.nsinA<br />
pawns on thc c- and d-lilcs, wherc they most<br />
,.w ffiiv&r.<br />
w %r.% %/&<br />
7e vre %<br />
'&^ffi v& 'tt<br />
% ?& %&,<br />
t*3* "421,<br />
'ffit<br />
In thcmschcs hanging pa$Ds a.e oeithe. strong<br />
norweak. Iflhey stand abrean on lhe Iounh r nk<br />
lhey au.cl Iour squlres in lhe eneny\ c<strong>amp</strong>,<br />
perhaps resbicting his nobility. Somctimcs onc ol<br />
thc pawns nay advancc <strong>to</strong> support an altack asin<br />
rhe ganes given under sErMwAN lnd sriHrBERc.<br />
On the orhei hand the hanging plwns may bc hard<br />
<strong>to</strong> dcfcnd bc.ausc lhcy cannol be guarded b,<br />
paans on adjoining files and e subi€ded lo<br />
fronklatl.ct on the halt open Iiles or almct liom<br />
enemypasnson adjoiiing 6les. lnthc gamcs givcnundcr<br />
rAwN FoRM{niN (}etrosyan\ same) and<br />
lrs.HER the pawns, no longer able lo remain<br />
abreast, becone blocked ind in @nsequence<br />
inllot nti in thc gamc gilcn unilcr GR0NTELD the<br />
hanging pawns are broken up <strong>by</strong> flank attack.<br />
I{ANIIAM VARIATION. 516 in thd ptsnm.R<br />
DETENCE. Al tbe New York loumanent 1889 the<br />
,Amcrican playcr Jamcs Moorc Hanham 0840<br />
1923) .einlroduccd the LoRD v^xr^roN sith a<br />
strpenor idea in mind: he had devised a way bt<br />
phich Black could defend his e pawn and thus<br />
miiniiin i nFF.N('vF .FNrpF This v,ri:rion<br />
usualy ansi.g lrom lhe sequence I e4 e5 2 Ni3<br />
d6 3 d4 NI6 ,l Nc3 Nbd7, was endoAed <strong>by</strong><br />
NrMzowmor. and nas bccomc onc oI lhc main<br />
lines io ihe rHrLrDoR DtrLN.!.<br />
HANNEKEN DEIDNCE, 570, the ozro DftlN.t<br />
<strong>to</strong> thc xrNc's cAMDrr, analysed <strong>by</strong> the Prussian<br />
General Hc.mann vo. Haniclien (1810L86) in<br />
SANS'|EIN (;AMBIT.605 in the nNcs.^NFn<br />
Aeepted. TIis line. given <strong>by</strong>(.zDi nas no special<br />
connection vith the Bertin player Wilhclm Han<br />
HARKNESS SYSTEM, an auilnr! sconng systen<br />
als. known asthc MTDTAN sysr.M 11$aspromoled<br />
<strong>by</strong> Ken.eth Harkness (1898 19?2). S.otrhh-born<br />
organizer oi cbess in tbe USA.<br />
tIARKSEN GAMBIT, lr,1 in lhc spANrsr r opnNrNG,<br />
proposed <strong>by</strong> lhe Swedish study compose. AIfied<br />
Harlrsen (188G1971) in D?"tsche S(ht(hzetung,<br />
HARMAN, JOHN RICHARD O9!! ),BNTNh<br />
parenr ollicial and srudy enlhusi.sr. His collection<br />
of morc than 5.000 studics. .lassilicd in a.cord-<br />
-ance with tbe cBR coDE and in nany olher ways<br />
devised <strong>by</strong> hin- is rvail.ble lo rouiney iudges<br />
seeking advice.boul ANrrcrpArroN.<br />
HARRWII'Z, DANIEL (1823 84). Cernan lronr<br />
Breslau who vrs probably the world s best active<br />
playcrinthcmid 1850s. <strong>The</strong>moderneeneration'.<br />
said uskER nr 1932, 'faih lo do justi.c <strong>to</strong> him Hc<br />
was agreatplaye.. In 1845 HarMitz qcnr <strong>to</strong> Paris<br />
where he Nas reSarded as the €qual ol (trsERrrz(y,<br />
and in 1846lheybolhwenr <strong>to</strong>London. Tbere they<br />
<strong>to</strong>ok part in a rriangular simult.neous conFsl wnh<br />
sIAUNrcNl cach playcd thc othcr tso, Staun<strong>to</strong>n<br />
conceding odds oI a rook, the olhers playing<br />
blindfold. Staunlon delerled Kiesen[ky while<br />
HarNitz won both his gamcs. He Nas alre.dy an<br />
erpert blindlold player. In the sane yearHarrwit<br />
lost a natch ro Slaun<strong>to</strong>n ior 21 ganes up: seven<br />
daycd lcvcl, scvcn at PAwN A<br />
io!.s. istaun<strong>to</strong>n conceded lhe<br />
odds.) HarMilz scored 7, +6=1 1. and +3-,1<br />
respectively. 11 wrs his lir( big natch, in Nbich,<br />
driotrsly, he fared betier with pawn a.d move than<br />
$ith pawn and tso. SraDn<strong>to</strong>n considcred i1 his<br />
barde( narch. althoughIla.Nitzwasnorycrathis<br />
tuUsrrengrh. VnidngBreslauin 1848Ilarwitz mei<br />
AND.RSS.N olcr thc bolrd lor the lrst dde. TIey<br />
played a natch for 11 eanrcs up: Nhcn lhc score<br />
s<strong>to</strong>od at live wins eacb they agreed <strong>to</strong> end thc<br />
ma1ch. Alier Harrwnz lost rhe 6rst gane he <strong>to</strong>ok<br />
Iivc daysoff<strong>to</strong> rccuperale. To a void re volLniona ry<br />
turnoil llarMitz lelt his homc <strong>to</strong>wn shonly<br />
nlierwards and relurn€d io London. Hh ncxt<br />
imporlanl natch vas in 1852 when he defeared<br />
w'LLrAMs (+7=3). Hc aho delelted willi.ms in<br />
matches in 1853, and in oDe ol thcscj whcn<br />
Haf*it7 hid suftered two losse\ he Neni ro virft<br />
Hambnrg bcforc rcturning <strong>to</strong> Jinish rhe nalch. ln<br />
lhe same year be played wirlr LiiwENrnAr. lor lhc<br />
Iirstrowin 11 grnes. When trailingbadly(hhs.ore<br />
was +2:l 7l HarrNitT t.ok hims€ll off t)<br />
Brieh<strong>to</strong>n. L{jwcnthal had prolided 1br such an<br />
evenluality in the conditions. and HarNilz los1 two<br />
ga6es <strong>by</strong> detaull. HarNilz returned, loughl wilh<br />
ercat dcterminarion, and *on (+11=12 l0).
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