chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

game againsr Adolf C!:nk in lhe Kolisch tou.na-
ALBIN COUNTER-GAMDIT, 51. Provocative
rrpll to rhc QLLLN s G\MRr ntroLluce! bv ('a\a'
lotL' rafter qhunn is somcrimes ndmrd)in r edme
against Salvioli al the Milan tournane.t 1881. The
.ounrer-Eambit $as reintroduced in lhe Eame
L6ker ,ilbn,. New York 1891. Uniquely ; $is
opening a flaunble rne gi\es B a(l a q nning
is rarLv as tht seventh moLe.
(Se LNrcR RP.)
AIBINO. aproblemlasl: aNhitc pasn, otherlhan
a iook\ pawn, on ns seco.d rank is noled in eacb
oI thc lour possible wa],s. lwo lorward moves and
lwo caDturesirhese moves, e.ch bringins aboul a
differe;t naling finish. may bc shown in thc
van,tions ol the solulion- in rhe sEr PLAY. or as
rsEMAl. r{Es. (compare PIchNNNr.)
ALEKHINE 5
Olympiad 1980 he played ar firsl boird lor the
USA.
ALETfiINE (pron. Al-r.t -een), ALEXANDER
,^LEXANDROVICH (1892 19'16), the o y nan
to die whilc holding the qo.ld chaopionship.
Althouqh feB admired his peBonal ctaracter ali
admired hn chess genius. His lather was a
laodo*nei, a Machal olNobilily, and a nenbc, ol
the Duma, his nolher heiress oI an industnal
r.rrunc. Both he and his brotber Alexei (1888
1939) were lauAht chess by their mother. Alexan_
der bec ne addicted to the Came at the age oI
about 11, playi.sinbishcad during le$ons and b!
lhe tgnt ofa candle when in bed while nominlllv
s dyins laq he deleloPed his chess talent He
Aained a nastcriitle atStPetcsburg 1909. played
al Hanblrg 1910. Carlsbad 1911. Vilnius 1912-
and sevcrallesser touinaments belorc his 6rstbig
restcameinl9l4: ilwasthehjstoricSlPelesburg
lournanerr won by csrcR half a point ahe.d of
capABGNcA. ilhile Alekhine lost lNo sames
againsleacholthesenastcrsand cane aPoorthnd
Aroun! rhn time he save \cnous thUughr Lo the
world championsbiP which he elpectcd CaPa
blanca to wi., and th. problen ol how lo beat
Capablanca doninaled his lhoughis for lhe nert 1l
vcars. l{a rr^L task, tu $in \.mc strunts lournr_
me^i\ s,(.he.ke,t hv LhL outb.ealoisar.whrle
Ie wa; playine in th; Mannbein tournamenr ol
A version of the pioneer Prohlcm by LoD. Nc..
y,/i ,4lrrb,. 1858. The solnlion begins: 1 Bh2+
Kd4 2 Bg1, and lherc are four main variationsl
2...Rg3llxg3
2. .Rr1(h3)3rl.
AIBRF]CIIT, HERMANN (]915-82), GEMAD
problemnr, International Jdge oI Che$ Conpositions
(1957), tournalisl. By 1980 he had
..llectdd ib.ul 80.000 orthodox No MovrRs. a
task he began nr 1933r he invcntcd bis own
.lassilication svslem *nboulrcfcreDce to tbat used
by A. c wE;E. Tourney judges seeking advice
reearding andcipation lrequently rellr to thh
AT,BUM. see EDE AT,!tr{s,
AI-BURT,LEVOSIPOVICH(1945
),Inieina
tional Grandnasler (197?). a teacher in Odessa
untilheedigratcd to theUSA ir Jnly 1179. In l9?4
he won rhc.hampLUnshLf 4t the Ul'riinc anLl cdme
-. 'rl6frh,n
ihc secondoIhalour attemDr\ in e
U\sR ch.mpLon\h,r. Fuu, reaA later lie w.r a
catcsory 8 tUumcmcnt ar BuLharen tnrheMrlLa