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GELLER I27<br />
1833) in 1813 and <strong>by</strong> Brede in 18J.1 In the l9'l0s<br />
Gly and Blaodlord both conlribured <strong>to</strong> a systen<br />
using six digits, and in thc l9T0sRoycrottnodined<br />
rhe {ay the disits represent the pieces so that lhe<br />
sysrem bccame easier <strong>to</strong> nemorizc.<br />
GELBFUES scoRE, a compliclted btrt now<br />
obsolete ^uxrluRy<br />
scoRrNG MmnoD <strong>by</strong> which<br />
plachgs in a loumanent might be determined. A<br />
pl.yeas score is hascd oD his wins and draws: rhe<br />
sun of cach defeated opponenr's normal scorc h<br />
divided <strong>by</strong> the nunber oI games played <strong>by</strong> that<br />
opponent. this iraction being calculaied similarly<br />
for drnvngancslnd then halvedithe sumoithese<br />
liactions h a plareas Gelblubs score<br />
After the Vienna inremadonal <strong>to</strong>umaoent ol<br />
1873 in which nol ill lhc competi<strong>to</strong>rs played fie<br />
same number oieamcs tbere were Prangles ahoul<br />
tbe placnrgs. One oI the co.leslarts. Oscar<br />
Cclbtuhs (1852 ?7), .n Austian lawyer. then<br />
proposed his scoring melhod. A simpler version.<br />
theNEUSrADrr scoRE. subsequendybecane widely<br />
CELLER, YEFIM PETROVICH G'2! ),<br />
Soviet plater, lor more lhan 20 yea6 among lhc<br />
$orld s best ten, si\ rines a CANDTD{ILj Intema'<br />
tional Grandraster (19s2). IIe sraduated in<br />
Nlitical econonry at Odessa Unilesity bur nadc<br />
<strong>chess</strong> his career. ln lhe national ch<strong>amp</strong>ionship<br />
<strong>to</strong>urnamenrs olbis countiyhe cane equalthndin<br />
1949 (his tnt a$empt), equat second in 195i. ind<br />
drird nr 1952. scoring +10=5 ,1, +10:3 4, and<br />
+8:8 3 respectivel!; and al Budapest 1952, bis<br />
iirsl inremalional <strong>to</strong>urnament- he won second<br />
prizc (+E:8-1) aier cREs ahead or uoflINNx<br />
For some lears alteflards Geuer concentrated<br />
on narional andworld ch<strong>amp</strong>ionships. He son $e<br />
USSR Ch<strong>amp</strong>ionship in i955 aller coning fi6r<br />
(+10=1 5) equal wnb smyslo! and winnifs the<br />
play off (+ 1=6). ln wond ch<strong>amp</strong>ionship evenh his<br />
resulrs serc: Neuhausen Zuricb Candniates<br />
rournamentl9s3(caresory16),+8=13 Troshare<br />
sixth place: G6reborg interzonal 1955, +7=10 3.<br />
nfth equali Amslcrdam Candidates lournanent<br />
1956 Gatceory 151, +6=7 510 sb.re third placei<br />
S<strong>to</strong>ckholm intezonal 1962. +10=10 2 <strong>to</strong> ie Ior<br />
second place: Cur.qlo Candidaics <strong>to</strong>urnanent<br />
1962(caregory16),sccond(+8=18 l)equalwith<br />
Kcrcs half a point alter rErRosvN. This lasi<br />
achievement was Geller's nearesr approach ro thc<br />
Norld tille altboueb he becane a Candidatc on tso<br />
furrher occasiors: in 196? he qualifred <strong>by</strong> sconng<br />
+8=12-1 and sharing second pla.e in rhe Sousse<br />
interzonal. defeared Smyslov in rhe quarterinal<br />
(+3=5), but rhen lost <strong>to</strong> spass(r i and in rheP.lma<br />
de Majorca in<strong>to</strong>zonal i970 he scored +8=14 1.<br />
agai. shared second place, and again lost <strong>to</strong><br />
Spa$ky, this dne in thc qua ernnd malch.<br />
From 1952 <strong>to</strong> 1980 Geller played in more fian 30<br />
stron g international <strong>to</strong>urn.nenls olher rh an cha m-<br />
pionship even$, and won or snarcd 11 firt and,<br />
sccondprizes. Hisbesl {ins$crcr Kislovodsk 1966<br />
(+6:5) ahead ol sr.h.'i wijk aan zee 1969<br />
(+7=7 1) cqual sirh Botvinnik and ahcad oI<br />
(crcsi Budapest 1973 (+6=9)i Hiherun 1973<br />
(catesory 12) cqual with sz^86 (both scorine<br />
+6-? l)i lecssidc 1975. catesorl 12 (+s=9).<br />
rhead ofSmlslovi Moscow 1975 (+6=9) ahcadof<br />
Spassky, tuR.ENot. and Petrosyan: and Wijk aan<br />
Zee 1971 (+6=4 1) <strong>to</strong> tie sith Snyslo!. In 1979<br />
Geller Non rhc USSR Ch<strong>amp</strong>ionship (+6= ll). It<br />
w.shis iwcntieth altemPl, .nd besides hn No wins<br />
hc won or shared second or third place selen limes.<br />
At rhe beginni,rg of his careerGellervas nolcd<br />
<strong>to</strong>rhisswill aitacksandunusualcombinativeideas,<br />
bur he Bas weaker h positionat ballles and<br />
complic.ted endgames where... logic.. . and<br />
methodical playing are the dain inc<strong>to</strong>n oI succes'<br />
((orov). Geueis rendency 10 rhk eleryrhins for<br />
thc attack led rodeiealsasseu asvicbnes:in 1955<br />
he bec.ne lhe only USSR ChanPionship conlender<br />
lo lose live eames in the lourna,nent and yel<br />
win rhe rille. ln time he nodidcd his stylei his<br />
rcs ts became nore consistcnl. and many oI his<br />
besr rournanenr resuhs came at a comparllively<br />
lale srage ol his .areer.<br />
A lcading openings erperl ol hk rime, Geller<br />
found many imprclemenh in variaiions oi lhe<br />
S'^NISS OPENINC. thc KNC,S INOIAN DEF[N'E. ANd<br />
rhe srcrlrAN D.FENC.. He reiained rhis clpacnt lor<br />
original and rhorclgh an.lysi throughout hh<br />
career. and was cbosen 10 assht sPassky and<br />
MRpov in rheir sond ch<strong>amp</strong>ionship matcbes ol<br />
7972 ^nd<br />
\975 respedivell. (See srAr..MArr.)<br />
Ccllcr publisbed Zd Jli!&tnahoi Doskoi 11962)<br />
conraining n shoft au<strong>to</strong>biographt and 6ve of his<br />
B - calletty, C tutulnaster Gel* at the <strong>chess</strong>bodtd<br />
(19ii9) conrains a biosraphl lnd 86 samcs. A<br />
rcvhcd ednion (19?4) conlains lour more qames.<br />
Ccllcr Karyo, USSR Chrnpionship l'176 Frer.h De<br />
1e4.6 2d4d5 3Nc3Rb] 1eiQd7 5NAb6 6Bd2<br />
Ba6 7Rxa6 Nxa6 ,r0 0 Nb8 9r'czBc7 l0 Rcl hi l1<br />
N14h5 12b3Ba3 13Rbl i5 14c1c6<br />
n1 l?Nd3Ba5 13bxa4bxal 19Ou4Qa7 20BsiB.7<br />
2l Rilrs+QxbB 22Qxc6+ Kl3 2]NftRa7 21Nh1Qe3<br />
25 Qxe6lxe6 26 NIg6+ Qig6 27 Nxe6+ Ke8 2n Nxhs<br />
Ra4 29 R'11 Nc7 30 BxeT Kaer 31 Ng6+ (I7 32 N1.1
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