chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

EALKBEER VARIA'I ION, 321 . la Schachzeita|,
1857, TALruER reconnended, but did not ongin
ate, this slandard reply ro th
IAMILY CttEC(, a lo.k, trsually by aknighl, that
simultaneously gives check and attacksa queen.In
fie chess olumn of the ai,erp.ol Weekb Cowie\
1886. lhe English player and problcmist Oliler H.
Labooe k.1861F1925) clained that the posiiion
t5k1 l3qzPqlp7 I lpsQl8,P/1P4P1/5RK1 (Forsylh
nolalio.) had occured in play. and that he had
won by 1 RA+ RriS 2 QxhT+ I3h7 3
g7xf8=N+, a typical exarplc oI a lamily cneck.
Pctosyan Spasky loth match 8ame. wond L'i'am
pionship l9a6 Englsh Opening
1NrNf6 29396 lc4Bg7 183200 5G0Nc6 6N€
d6 7d4a6 8d5Nas 9Nd2c5 10QCc5 11b3N34 12
e,l15 13 sxl5 $15 14Ndlb5 15f]e4 16Bb2Bxb2 17
Oxb2exf3 13BrflNe5 198e21.1 20st4Bh3 21Nc3
Bxll 22 1.dr NE6 23 Bg4 Nxft? 24 Rxl4 Rxf4 25
Be6+R 26Nc4 Qh4 2?Nid6 Qg5+ 23Khl Ra7 29
a t&
wniie played 30 Qhs+ .nd Blac* rcsigned because ol thc
i:tnily $c.l 31 Nrt+. (See Bru!D!R.)
FARAGo, IVAN (1946 ), Hunsarian playe..
Irternational Grandmaster (1976). an economni
graduate qho became a chess profesional. His
tournament lictories include Halle 1978 (+5=8) a
tic with $^^( and USLMANN, Kecskem6t 1S?9
(+?=8), Hungariai championship 1981 (+2=7)
equalNirh rcRnscn, and svendborg 1981(+6=3).
FEGATFjLLo ATTACI{.508 in lhe No $rc rs
DErENc.. an extensively analysed variation that
lavours Wllne. It was known to the 16th €ntury
Italiannasteisand thc name isltalianforaPieceol
liver, implying pcrhaps that thesaoilice ofwhitc\
kniAhr is likc a slice of liver used as bait.
[ERS, rhe nedieval piece lhat supPlanred thc
ERziN and sas in tum supplanted by thc ouEEN.
Besides having lhe sane nole as thc fipaD (one
squar€ diagonally id any direclio.) the fers had lhe
poser olleapingon itsfst nrove, sith fte choicc
oIa V4 ora VS leap. aninnolation dalinsrrom ar
leasr the 12ih cenrury. (see rzRA.) Alec created
by pronotion aho had this poNer oI leaPing For
exanple, a previouslyunmoved fers al dl could hc
FIDATED IlI
mored to e2 or c2 or, even iI surounded by otbe.
nen, ro b1, b3, d3, B- or fl. when draughls
(cheques) was fist played in Encland ihe same
a.d the pieces wele called feBes.
IIANCEETTo (pron. ryanketto), the developmenr
of a whitc bishop ai g2, h3, b2, or a3, or a
hlack bhhop at 97, h6, b7, or a6: the @ncomirant
pawn fomation: to 6ake snch a development.
Depending on whcthcr a king's o. queen\ bishopn
sodevelopedtheianchertoisdesqibed.sking'sor
gucenis respectively. To nove the knight\ pawn ro
the fourh ranh inslead of tnc thnd rank is to make
ad extended nancheno. The exchange oi a bishop
so dcreloped nay leave a weakened lianchetto, a
refe.e.ce to the one or two holes that a.e lefi in the
wate ot the knigh!'s pasn\ advane. A Player Nho
deleiops both bishops lhis Nay makes a double
St.ategic use of the lianchetto. pioneered by
sr^uNroN and L. pAlLsEN, has si.ce be.one the
basis ot nany opcninss. The word is denled fron
the l1alianr",.,, a flank, and Francesco Piacenza,
in his baok I Campeg1ianenti deali S.a../,i (Turin,
1683). desdibes iank ope.i.gs as nanchelti.
Modein usagc dates ftom Lorlr, 1763.
I.IANCHETTO DEFENCD, 442. the BATNES DE
FEN'T IO thE SPd'Sg OPENING.
FIDATDD, or afhdarns, inrmune Irom caPlure. In
pasi timcs problemists sonetioes specificd thal
ceriain pieces or parns rere 6darcd, a slipulation
often used to circumvent their lack ol composing
\Iill or merclv to deceive the soller: but in rhe
iollosineexa;ple the use olndatcd men iscenlral
ro rhe unknovn conposcr's ideas.
A FArRt pRoBLrM from a l4th-century French
manuscripr. White is to checkmate Black s ling
on h1 snh a FrRS. rhc a-pawns and the ler€s to
shich alonc they may be promoted are 6dated. 1
KIzKh2 2Rb4(rEMpo'pl^y) 2... Khl 3Rb3
Khz .1Kf1Kh1 5Rb2h2 6Rh5axb5 7a6b4 8
a?b3 9aE=F b2 l0Ki2bl:F 11(I1(awarrNc
MovE) I L . . Fd3 (lhe fe6\ leap: if ll ...Fc2
lvhite makes a leap, 12Fc6) 12Fb7 (not 12Ic6?
Fe2+ 13 KD Ft3 1,1Fd5 Fe4 nnd rhe blick ters