chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

FABEL, L{RL (1905-?5), Cerman omPoser,
Internation.l Jud-Ee of ches conposirions (i964).
International Masier lor Chess Compositions
(196r). patent office elpen in the chemnrry oi
plaslics, ciil jldge. Although he composed nany
dREE andMoRr-MovERsands
he was best tnown as aleadidg exponcnt oI the art
oi nrnodaD. ^NALYSS.
In 1973 he wrote, in
Eneli,sn. hroduction to Reto1tdde Anallsit, tn
last of eigbt books on chess problens qrittcn b/
himsell or in collaboration with olhes. (See
MAXIMUMMEAi SEORIEST CAME PROBLtM,)
TAERNI. HANS O8?4-1939), Swiss playcr born
in Prague. He won. tuatch against sALwLin 1908
(+3=1 1) add achieved his best tournlnent
performancc in a quadruple round e,cnt at
Munich 1909, rakingErstprne (+6=,1-2) ahead ol
and SPIELMA\\. Skilled al
fast play, Fahrni was lhe first master to meel100
opponcnts in a simullaneous displayl it took pla.e
in 191I at Munich, wherehelivcdforalime, andbe
scored +55=39 6 in selcn and a hall hours.
TATRYMAIE, a checknate tor whicl thc special
rDlcs olalant problen aie dcc,ned to aPplyaiter
rhe nating no!e, as il the king qere to bc
caplured. For exanple, in a UXIMUMMTR sELtslrArr
thc position WKal, WPa2, wPb2, BRI1.
BKf,l sho*s a mate $at is both nomal and lairyl
but nove rhe black king to e4 and the mare is
nomd but not iairy. ior Black\ notionll move.
. . . Rxa1, would not bebislongcst.ln cHE.xLEss
.HEss the posnion WKb2, WPel, BKd4, BBe5
Rould be ! fairymatc btrt not a nomal mre. (For
problcns shosing lairy nrle see rIDArrD and
FAIRY PROBLEM, or heterodox problen, any
problem thal is.ot anoRrEoDox PRoBI-EV. Broadly,
ihere are tso categoriesi
Fnstly sErplrArEs, srr.FMArrs, problens inlolr
ing RETRocRADtr ANALYSB (including Er(@Rr,
and stalenate p.oblems in {bich. aparl lrom the
mating or stalemating srrpu'rroNs, the laws oi
che$ are obsencd. Ihere n a Crowing tendedcy
lbr these to be .eearded as orlhodox.
Secondly problems using .ew kinds of board,
nen, or laws. Typicalboards are lhe
^NctsoR
RING,
rhe cyLr\DFRtroARD, and the cRrD !oARD. Typical
pieces are the
PECE. neN kinds ol coirBrNE
and '-EApLR,
and pieces rhar bop over other nen,
, LEoj I-IoNj P^o' and
va;. NeN laws or sers or rules a,e lound id rhe
UMMER. ANd SER'ES.
Mov.R. Composers also .onslruct Problems using
thc laws oi an unorthodor gamc such as REFTEX
.EEss. whcn stipularions lor such problems are
nade the normaLlass are deened to lpplyunless
ln $e early yea6 oI the 20th cenlury BATRD,
discussing hcte.odox problc,ns. reierred lo a che$
fairyland. In 191,1 thc Australiln H.nry 'rale
(lrJ71-lolo, \uCgL.red the lcrm lJin problrm
uhi.h E wrdeLv used rn preirrence ro hererodo\
problen, FIDE\ olfrcial rerm. (See TRoBLEM and
A S. M. Dickins-,4 G"d. r, Funl Ches (191L).
TAJAROWICZ VARLAIION,144 in thc B!DAPEsr
DEFENCt, named alter S. Fajaroivicz of LeipziS,
who introduced it agai.st H. srEdLR in a Swns
synen lournamcnt. Wiesbaden 1928
FALKBEER, ERNST KARL ( 1819 85), Aundan
player, jouinalisr. He left Vienna in lhe r.ublcd
,ear ol 1648. travelled extensively in G.rmaoy,
founded Austnas iret chcss magazine Wi.,er
S.ra.r:ei,rngin Jan. 1855. andwhenilfailedales
m.nrh\ laler wcnt to London. There. in match
play, hc met u,RD rvice,losins in lli56 (+ 1-2) and
xinning in 185G7 (+5=t-4). In his one torrna
menr, Bnningham 1858, a knock out elenl, he
-defeaEd sArNr-AMA\r in the second round ( +2 - l )
.ndlosrto r invE\r!^Lintbe iourlh and hnalround
(+l=4 3). Fron Apr. 185? to Nov. 18s9 he
edned a che$ column in the Sundar Tines
Rerurning to Vienna in 186,1 he conlinucd hh
Iournalnlic career whnh included thc editomhiP ol
a chess colunn in Nere /l/6hn. Zzitung tunm
l877to 1885 He is.hieny rcmembered, hoqeler,
for the cntcrprising couNER cAMBn namcd aiter
him. rhe merits ot which halc bccn disputed ever
since. (see sL{ cADr Ar..)
FAIr}EER COUNTER-GAMDIT, 559, one ol
1so standa.d ways oideclinilg the Ki"c s c,{MBr.
The conrinuation 3 exd5 had been knoqnsince lhc
tine ot por-rRoi and \ras generally considered to
iavour White after3. . . Qxd5- altnough PHILIDoR
hadpointedour that Blackwould gel a satisiactory
game by 3 . . . ext4 In the 1840s bolh FALBE.R
and $e Praguc player Lederer investjgatcd the
reply L . e4. Falkbeer publishcd an analysh oi
ihh move, noN lhe usualconlinualion, in S.tro.,rj
2.nm8. 1850. (See BRoNsrErNi BIRNi.!^iousE(.)