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108 EVANS GAMBIT<br />
Wales, Nen110 sea atthe age of 14, Bas employed<br />
<strong>by</strong> thc Postal Department iron aboul 1815, aod<br />
rose <strong>to</strong>lheraDkolcaptain iouryea$later. In 1824,<br />
soon atter taking comna.d of the 6Et Royal Mail<br />
steam packer <strong>to</strong> sail fron Millord Haven <strong>to</strong><br />
watcrford. and wbile aboard. he invented hh<br />
gambit. Evans was a keen player. Hc gathered a<br />
rmill.hess circle in Waterford. and vhen otr Ieave<br />
inEnglandplayed<strong>chess</strong>inLondon, notablyin1826<br />
shen he showed his ganbn io DMs and McDoN-<br />
NEr.L, and in 1838 when he played a lone series of<br />
ganes wilh suUmN a1 lhc westminsler <strong>chess</strong><br />
Club. In Jan. 1840 he was pe.sioned olt on ac@unt<br />
ol ill heallh. He seni <strong>to</strong> Greece, be@me captain of<br />
a sleamer thal sailed the Mcditer.a.ean, and<br />
retNned <strong>to</strong> London a1 thc cnd of 1842. During lhe<br />
next 13 yeas there are seleral accounts of his<br />
presence in London, and lhen he seltled ahroad.<br />
He died and was bnned in Ostend.<br />
Elans clained <strong>to</strong> have solved the EEE PAws<br />
TRoBLEM, which, however. had alreddy been slved<br />
<strong>by</strong> olhers. His claim <strong>to</strong> lhe invention of tri-.oloued<br />
lighting lor ships has no1 been vcriied indepen<br />
detrtly. although he is known <strong>to</strong> have investigated<br />
rhe subjcct. For this invendon he states that the<br />
'liar of Russia gave him a gold chronomeier, and<br />
that he also leceived money. For a nore derailed<br />
lile ot Captain Elans see A/irrrh <strong>Chess</strong> Magazire.<br />
1928. pp. G18.<br />
EVANS CAMDIT. 466 in the trtuN oPENING,<br />
naned altcr W. D. r!^Ns *ho invented il in lhc<br />
1820s. Whiie gives up a pasn <strong>to</strong> gain rapid<br />
mobilizalioa. <strong>The</strong> gambit was otrered and accepled<br />
22 tines in the malches between BouRDoNNArs and<br />
ucDoNNELL, 1834, afier which enthusiasn lor the<br />
Evans was inslatrr, widespread. and long-lastiog.<br />
srrNrz a{epted the gambit 20 limes in his<br />
n.tches against c(,GoRrN (1889, 189) and cuNs<br />
BEnc(1890-l). bur soon afier this theopenin8uenl<br />
out ol fashion. Coundess lines ol analysis ha,e<br />
failed lo show wbelher the gambit is sound. (See<br />
CAMEiPAULSEN,)<br />
EVANS GAMBIT DECLINED, 482. usually regarded<br />
as saler than a@epta.ce Houever, white<br />
retains thc initialive afier 5 a,{ a6 6Nc3NI6 7<br />
Nd5.<br />
EVf,RGREEN CAME, a nanegiven<strong>by</strong>srE Nlrzro<br />
the following fricfldlygane which hts remai.ed a<br />
Andessn Duftesnc Bcilin,1352 Evans GaBbir<br />
le4e5 2NBN.6 3Bc1Bd 4b4BxM 5.3Ba5 6d.l<br />
exd,l ? 04 d:l 3 Qh3 Ql6 9 e5 Q36 l0 Rel NgeT rl<br />
Balb5 12oxb5Rb3 l3Qa4Bb6 11Nbd2!67 15N.1<br />
Qf5 16Bxd3ohl 17N16+s 6 13c 6Rg3 l9Radl(a)<br />
OxB (b) 20 ke7+ NreT k) 21 Or'17+ KxdT 22<br />
Br5+ Ke3 IBnT+ Kl3 21Bxe7 mare. (J.*a.r?d@"3,<br />
1352)<br />
(a) in 6r, 1e76, l. 2mEv publhhed analysis <strong>to</strong> show<br />
thar 19 Be4 rccomnendsd <strong>by</strong> aany anno.a<strong>to</strong>6, should<br />
lead ro no norc than a draw<br />
(b)19.. Rga Gipke l89s) and il20 c4Bd4 (L zdtcv)<br />
vonld have been preIfablc.<br />
(c) ln 1S21RUB^$EIN sugge ed that white should *in<br />
.ftci 20 Kd3 21 RrdT+ Kc3 ?2 Rd3+ Kxda 23<br />
EXCELSIOR, a @oposition task; the advance of a<br />
pawn from its second lo its eightb rank, prcferably<br />
ru %aw<br />
t?& 'il<br />
tv&atwt<br />
wqwtw<br />
iq& wt<br />
<strong>The</strong> pionccr nroblem <strong>by</strong> the Englnh composer<br />
Robeft BoqnA Wornald (18:14-7h,, 7/ar.ared<br />
Lon4onNews.las7. i d4+ K\d6 2dxd+ Kc6 3<br />
db6+ bic4 4 bxa? -<br />
5 eb8-N. In 1&58 LovD<br />
a.hieled thistask, nuch less oudely. and namedil<br />
Exekior afte. LonSrfellow\ poem. (For anoder<br />
ex<strong>amp</strong>le see cusssoPPER. )<br />
EXCEANCE, the capture oi natedal <strong>by</strong> each<br />
player. not neessanly o. conscdtie moves bul as<br />
part ol lhe sane @mbinalio. or ma.euvrei <strong>to</strong><br />
makesuch a aplurc. Fo.ex<strong>amp</strong>le, atter 1e4 e5 2<br />
NlJ Nc6 3d4cxd4 4Bc4Bc5 5Ne5Nh6whjte<br />
could make a combinadon in which he exchanges<br />
Fo of his piees <strong>to</strong>r lwo pieces and a paqn: 6 Nxfi<br />
Nxfl 7 Bxr+ Kxl7 8Qh5+86 9 Orc5.<br />
EXCIANGE, THA, the capture of a rook <strong>by</strong> one<br />
player a.d a ninor piece <strong>by</strong> his opponcnt. <strong>The</strong><br />
player who qplures thc rook'wins the exchmge.<br />
A player might sin or lose lhe exchange <strong>to</strong>r a<br />
pasn. i.c. a rook is exchanged ior a minor piecc<br />
and pawn. r Mscs. having a fondncas for<br />
bishoF, hall seriouly sLggested that lo exchange<br />
ones knight for a bishop is <strong>to</strong> win the MNoR<br />
EXCEANCD VARIATION, usually vanarion i.<br />
which While exchanges a blact enlre pawn <strong>by</strong><br />
captnring on d5 ore5i37 in rh€ sLAv DtrtNcEiT8,<br />
83, in the aUEEN's cAMBi Declined Gee Asuai<br />
GNEALL' MINORtrt PAWN TORMAION.)i<br />
304 i. the .AiGsNN ^T^C(i<br />
DEENCE lsee posoNED pawN<br />
a sulrNxBN);656in thc FruN.HDErrNcE Gee<br />
ADVANCE rc'NT; BIRDi MACKENZIE, C,E.: ANd MAR6C.<br />
zy)r lT6inthe CRiNFED DETENCE; in allexcepl lhe<br />
l6t of ibese lhe ercbanae bnnas ahoul a fixed
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