chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

nasrer, and rhey have been tanstaEd into nany
languages. Among those in English are Srrdr.gr
and Tadi611931), Frotu My Go es (1938). Med
the M6teB 1t910), The Dewtopnenr ofchess Strte
(t968), BobbJ Fis.her ond his Predeceso^
(19?6). In ^nd collaboralion sith FRrNs hc wrotc tr.,
Schdakphebmeen CapablMco (.1949). His lleleeschichre
des schach: Euwe t (1959) contains 488
ot his games played betore 1928, 1?7 oI rhen
annolaled by him. (see ULUNDFx; TwEcn.NTuc.)
GcI( Eusc Candidalcs rouinancnr Ncuh.uscn
ld4Nr6 2c4e6 3Nc]Bbl 4eld 5a3Bri+ 6brcr
b6 7Bd3Bt7 nt3Nc6 9Ne2rI0 100.0NastBlack
dhcks the wwLL.of,uroN.) 11c,1Nc3 12NA3cid4
13dd4R.3 1411Nx.4 l51516 l6Rr4b5 17Rh4Ob6
13c5 Nxe5 l,rrxe6N l20Oxd3Qxe6 2lQxn?+KI7
23 QxhB Rcz 24RclRrg2+ 2iKllQb3
EVAI-IIATION OF POSITION. ,n ,ssessmenr .I
positio. ro dctcrmineshich side, ileither, has the
advanlage and how the playeG should l)ro.ccd.
Fir( lhe slatic Iacrors are nored. then thedynanic
taaors examined. and linally a slialegic dan n
choscn.
The stati. factors are those Ihat can be seen
withoul consideration ot rhe 6oves thar might
follo*. th€ statc of affairs on thc hoard at a Cilen
monent: the bala.ce of lorces (see V^LUE ots
prEcs). advanlaAe in space oi tine, contol of
squarcs.linesi orpark oflhe board, pieces lhal are
poody sirDared (e.C. a bad bishop), thc l)awn
cenrrej isolaled, doubled, or backward pasns,
hansins paNns, pawn majorides, advance points,
holes, and otncr fcarurcs of rhc pawn formalion.
The relevance of these staric lactors is detec
nine d b y con sideradon o I the dynanic lactors rhe
moves !ha1 mighl yet be played, the possible
.onhinxrions.rm,nrnvr.!ihii,it,.kord.fend
certainpawns, sqrares, orpa s oftbe board, i.e.
the lactical ie a sibnny o i vanou s courses oi acdon.
There are no rules: dynamic laclois are specilic ro
any givcn posilion. The bcttcr thc playcr the morc
Precise a.d farseeing is his examination. ihe mo.e
relevanl lhe lines he examines and the wider ften
ra.ge. Examination mighl re,cal Do adlant.ge
whetr judged objeciively, implying ihatrhe equilib-
EVANS ]07
rium is undisturbed, hlt thc hetter player mighl
pro6t becanse he seesmoredeeply. oreat nastcn
usually assess 1he dynanic laclos with equalskill,
but on occaslon slighl dilterences leadto a decisive
result. For example. both playen see a serics ofi
say, sn movesi a mancuvre or combination. bur
one ot them nates a iaulty assessnent oI the
position thatsillrhen arise. He discove( thisafter
rhe firsl ol the six moves has been played, and
changes course, but his position may already be
conpronised. Thus, as olte. as not, are games
betNeen great masteB won or Iost.
The sclcction ol a straiegic ptan (there is ofien
more than one possibiliry) depends on ik feasibil
ity, as tested hy examination ot the dynamic
factorc. For example, a seak player, seeinB an
isolated paM in hn opponenfs camp, might
decide wnhout lurfter ado to afiack lhc pawn. A
maste! would cxaminc various lines ol play to
dirover vh.rher rhe rna.k wonl,l \nteed dr il
the pasn cannot be gained, wbethersuchan altack
*ould lorce his opponenr i.to a diffcult situation i
he mighl decid. upon anorncr coune oI actioni
bearing in mind that if the pawn is still lhere later
on il could lhen perhaps be piolilably assailed. A
playefs choice ofa plan nighl he wholly obtcclivc
(or supposcdly so) orsubtcdivc in varying dcgreel
it is largely a matier ol style A LAstuR would seek
mancuvres. a nusrNsrfN rhe perlect mover aril
combinadons, a GRpov sale posili.nal play: a
ould cyc thc distanl
cndeamc. (see rcsnoNAL P,-AY.)
Etqc,ludgh.ht ahd Pldh"inS m Crz.$ (1951)i
Kotor.Think Likea Grund astd11911) ani Play
Like a cruntlnBter (1978).
FivANS, LARRY MEL\.YN (1932 ), Amcr
ican player, lnremarional Crandmastcr (1957). A
succeslul player in many Amcricar andCanadian
erenls, hewo. ihe US Open Championship lhree
tim.s (1951, 1952.1954) and sha red 6rn prize silh
BrscurER ahead of RBHEvsn !r Nes Yort 1955.
His besl .cbievenenh, howcvcr. Ncrc nr lhe US
Chamtionship: hc.ame 66t in 1951,1961 2,1968
(+6=5). and 1980 (+s=5 2equalaithcsNsrAN
sEN. sbo won the play otl, andNith uRowNr)l and
he twi.c camc second to fls.AER. in 1963-4
(+6=1 2) and 1966 (+5=5 1). Not a lrequent
conrpelitor oleBeas. be nevertb€less cane second
(+8=4 1) equal wnh pErRosyAN aflcr DoNN.R at
Venice 1967, and rcprcscntcd biscount.y in eigbr
Olympiadsfron l950lo 1976. Inhis oneinteizonal
tourDament, Anste am 1956, he made only a
moderate score. H. srolc N., .adeus u Cn.Js
(r958), cdircd rhe renth edilion ot Modern ches
Op.,mgs in 1965, and.ssisted in the prcparation
oI Fncher\ book n8 6, M.r, rahl. Ganps 11969).
EVANS,WILIAMDAVIES (1r90 18r2), inve.-
ror ol rhe ElnNs GAMBT, lor about hall a centLrry
one oi lhe most poNlar altacking weapons Gee
scsoor-s oF orrss). He was born in Penbroke,