chess-The Oxford Companion to Chess - First Edition by David Hooper & Kenneth Whyld

98 DURAND
A problem by LoLLr, 1763. Whne piays and nates
inlouril Rc7+ Kh6 2Rh?+ Rxh? lNg8+Ke5
,l Bf6. Btack plarsand nates in fou.: 1 . . . Rh3+
2 Kxh3 Qg2+ 3 Kh4 Q*2+ .l Kg5 Qh6.
This is the eadiesl known duplex problem.
ArEr^NDRr gives 32 such pioblems in his collec
tion oI i846i in dese the stipulalions for Whire
were olten not the sane as rhosc fo( Black. I.
recent lines duplex problems have usually been
helpmatcs, *irh the same siipulations for each
tig5Qgr l9Cx4Nxe5 l0Bd4NrB+ 4LQrAe5 42h6
Oe7 43 Re2 Rxsi 14 Rrc5 Qd6
DURAND, PHILIPPE AMBROISE (I?99-II8O).
autbor of chess books. a French abbot who was
prolessor oI rhetoric at Fahne and then insructor
of philosophy at Lisieux. Ailer his retiremenl in
1860 he wrotc thrcc books in collaboration Nilh
Jean pR.r, notably lhe tso-volnme S,rdrigr
roboih,e.tas ln de pa k (1871 3). This$orkwas
the liisr thal was deloted exclusively 10 the
practical ENDGAMT. a phasc which espccially n!
leresred hin. In pa icular he investigated the
nature oI lhe opposilion and otber kinds of
coNruc.{E saLlRB, and he is credited Nilh rbe
invention ol the lern rRnDUcHE..
1sOg3 (proble'nistca]lihnaninrcilcrcnceunpin)ai. .
Qrh6+ 46 Oh3 Qd6 4? Khr (a decnile unpin) 47 . .
Ks8 43Rxc3+Kfl l9Rhs Black Esigns.Iorihn gme
Dumssas asaded the fiB( BRILLIAN P[zE.
DURAS VARIAIION. 105, a sound line in lhe
oUEEN's cAMBr Declined; il 5 Bh,1 Black conld
reply5... dxc4or5. .. Bb4+ and6... dxc4
Aho 366 aDd,l32. outmoded lines in the spANtss
DURAS, oLDRTCH (1882 1957), czech player
and composer, Intcrnational Cra.dmaster (1950),
civil seryant. During his pdne, 190G12. Duras
played in 15 of tbe srongesr 24 touinanentsheldin
those seven yeas- and esrablishcdhimsclf as onc ol
the best ten or twelve playeB in the sorld. Ilis
greatesl achievement was at Viema 1908 when he
cane Iirsr (+11=6 2) equal sith MA*6czy and
scrn-.crrER ahcad of RlurNsrErN. Hc aho sharcd
6mt prize *ith Scblechte. at P.ague 1908, and *ith
Rubinslein at Breslau 1912,scoring+11=5 3 and
+10=4 3 respecdvely; andhe took secondprizes
at Nuremberg 1906 (+8:6-2), Vienoa 1907
(+5=8), and Hambu.s 1910 (+8=6 2) IIis lastappeaiance
ininrernational plal' *as arMannhein
1914. a i.urnament that qas leti mnnished shen
the Firn World War beean. Afier lhe aa. he sas
unable lo spare enougb tine lroril his professional
dntics to continue his tournanenl caieer: instead
he successfulty rencNed hn intcrcst in sludycomposing.
which he had pursued in his routh tle
aho conposed problens rt this tine.
J. Looda et al., ohliich Durds (195,1) is a bioe-
,aphy with ganes, studies, and problens, text in
DnraFsplel'naii Pien'$y 1912 French DeJen.e,
DURra, STEFAN (1955- ). Yueoslav player,
Inlernational Grandmaster (1982), wiiicr ol
c.Fgory 7 tounamenls at vmiaaka Banta 1979
(+9:5-l) ahead or Eo{Kov, and LjublFna
1981(+7-6).
DURKIN OPENING, 2. plared in over the board
and correspondence games by Robert Durkin
(192! ) ol Ne* Je$ey, but larcly by anyoDe
DUTCq ATTACK,693, a naBe occasionally
applied to rhe BrRD oPENTN(;
DUTCq DEFENCE, 120. sonetines naded alter
F. srFrN. sho lived in Holland and Iirsr adlocaled
the defence, and soBelioes called the Riviire
Opening In the l9rh ccnlury this was ihe only
enablished altcrnative lor Black if he did not sish
ro ne.r r d4 by 1 . . d5. Airei the ldlcnt ofthe
hypermodem molenent in thc 1920s nany olher
delences gained popularity, but lhe Dutch renains
a stlndard repl:/ to I d.1, having been playcd, for
example, six ddes in the wond Championship
match oi 1951. (Scc .rA.ABhN.^i DrvELoPMErr;
I e4 .6 2 d,1d5 3 N!3 NI6 4 c5 NrdT 5 Nce2 .i 6 t4
Nc6 7clQb6 3N8tse? 99316 10Bh3l5 1111000 12
C4 96 1l sx15 gxls t,l Khl KhB 15 Rgl R, 16 Ng5
Bxs5 17 RrE5 cxd,1 13Qg1Ne7 19Nxd1Nrl 20 Bfl
Bd? 21Be2NrC6 2zQC3RgB 2:rb3 Nc6 218e3 Nxd4
25 Brd4 Qa5 ?6 14 a6 27 RAI QdB 23 h1Ql3 29h5
Oh6 l0BI3 RIgT 31Qh2Nc? 32B.5Nc6 l3 Qh.lRC6
:r1R1g2 Ber 15 b4b5 16 axb5 ax65 37 (h2 Rxs5 33
DUTCH INDIAN, 125. Whne au.cts the DUrcH
DrF.Nc. by ilndian meanFa
He mat delay bnngidg oul hn kings knight: ior
exanple, it Black wcre lo play a sroNEwArL
Delence, 121- thh knightcouldbedeleloped al h3.
This liancherto artack was inrodlced hy srFrNrz
in his match against zuruRroRr, 1872.