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English Grammar Review

English Grammar Review is full of basic grammar. "The Eight Parts of English" is covered in depth in easy to read and comprehend lessons. This book starts with how words are created. How do we create words in English? Why do we need an "Affix" to help with new words? What is a noun? Why are most nouns also verbs in the English language? Where do most adverbs come from? This easy to use book explains it all in plain simple English. Created by Bill and Larisa Green, English Grammar Review is perfect for ESL students as well as native English speakers. Verbs, nouns, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, interjections, pronouns and adverbs are all here. Bonus grammar is also included. Active and passive voice, determiners, quantifiers and partitives, time adverbs, meeting for the first time, how to say goodbye, indirect request and offer, indirect questions, negative questions and question tags are all included! Perfect as a refresher. Teachers will discover this is a great addition to the classroom as well. English Grammar Review makes for the perfect supplement to all other English grammar resources.

English Grammar Review is full of basic grammar. "The Eight Parts of English" is covered in depth in easy to read and comprehend lessons. This book starts with how words are created. How do we create words in English? Why do we need an "Affix" to help with new words? What is a noun? Why are most nouns also verbs in the English language? Where do most adverbs come from? This easy to use book explains it all in plain simple English. Created by Bill and Larisa Green, English Grammar Review is perfect for ESL students as well as native English speakers. Verbs, nouns, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, interjections, pronouns and adverbs are all here. Bonus grammar is also included. Active and passive voice, determiners, quantifiers and partitives, time adverbs, meeting for the first time, how to say goodbye, indirect request and offer, indirect questions, negative questions and question tags are all included! Perfect as a refresher. Teachers will discover this is a great addition to the classroom as well. English Grammar Review makes for the perfect supplement to all other English grammar resources.

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<strong>English</strong> <strong>Grammar</strong> <strong>Review</strong><br />

Copyright.<br />

Copyright © 2012-2019 Bill & Larisa Green.<br />

Edited by Yuliia Bezdenezhna.<br />

Additional copies can be found at https://larisaenglishclub.com/.<br />

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,<br />

distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means. This includes<br />

photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods<br />

without the prior written permission of the publisher. This publication<br />

is for students and teachers of <strong>English</strong> for noncommercial uses<br />

permitted by copyright law. This publication may be used for private<br />

and classroom instruction. For permission requests, write to Bill and<br />

Larisa Green email address billgreen54@gmail.com. More information<br />

can be found at https://larisaenglishclub.com/<br />

This publication contains <strong>English</strong> grammar in various forms and levels.<br />

This publication is intended to be used as a supplement to other<br />

educational content. This publication is a general <strong>English</strong> resource and<br />

should not be considered as an authoritative publication. As with all<br />

educational resources, there is no guaranteed result implied from the<br />

use of this resource. The <strong>English</strong> grammar in this publication is a brief<br />

overview of certain parts of the <strong>English</strong> language.<br />

The publishers hope this publication will assist all users in their<br />

language learning journey. Every attempt has been made to create a<br />

general knowledge resource. This publication in no way is intended as<br />

an authority on any subject including <strong>English</strong> grammar. Every effort<br />

has been made to offer <strong>English</strong> grammar as it is generally understood.<br />

We hope you are able to study and learn <strong>English</strong> from our publication.


Index<br />

Eight Parts of <strong>English</strong> ......................................................................................................... 1<br />

Words, Words, Words <strong>Review</strong> ................................................................................................ 1<br />

Prefix, Suffix, Affix <strong>Review</strong> ...................................................................................................... 2<br />

Nouns <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................................................ 3<br />

Pronouns <strong>Review</strong> ....................................................................................................................... 4<br />

Verbs <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................................................. 5<br />

Adverbs <strong>Review</strong> ......................................................................................................................... 6<br />

Adjectives <strong>Review</strong> ..................................................................................................................... 7<br />

Prepositions <strong>Review</strong>.................................................................................................................. 8<br />

Conjunctions <strong>Review</strong> ................................................................................................................ 9<br />

Interjections <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................................... 10<br />

Adjectives .......................................................................................................................... 11<br />

Learn Adjectives <strong>Review</strong> ........................................................................................................ 11<br />

Adverbs & Adjectives <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................... 12<br />

Noun Modifiers <strong>Review</strong> .......................................................................................................... 13<br />

Possessive Adjectives <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................... 14<br />

Demonstrative Adjectives <strong>Review</strong> ........................................................................................... 15<br />

Comparative Adjectives <strong>Review</strong> ........................................................................................... 16<br />

Superlative Adjectives <strong>Review</strong> .............................................................................................. 17<br />

Noun Adjectives <strong>Review</strong> ........................................................................................................ 18<br />

Feelings Adjectives <strong>Review</strong> ................................................................................................... 19<br />

Personality Adjectives <strong>Review</strong> .............................................................................................. 20<br />

Adverbs .............................................................................................................................. 21<br />

Ever & Never Adverbs <strong>Review</strong> .............................................................................................. 21<br />

Just & Yet Adverbs <strong>Review</strong> .................................................................................................... 22<br />

Recently & Already Adverbs <strong>Review</strong> ........................................................................................ 23<br />

Since & For Adverbs <strong>Review</strong> .................................................................................................. 24<br />

Still & Lately Adverbs <strong>Review</strong>................................................................................................ 25<br />

Always & Never Adverbs <strong>Review</strong> ......................................................................................... 26<br />

Usually & Hardly Ever Adverbs <strong>Review</strong> ................................................................................... 27<br />

Rarely & Seldom Adverbs <strong>Review</strong> ........................................................................................... 28


Slowly & Carefully Adverbs <strong>Review</strong> ......................................................................................... 29<br />

Quickly & Fast Adverbs <strong>Review</strong> .............................................................................................. 30<br />

Conjunctions ..................................................................................................................... 31<br />

Coordinating Conjunctions <strong>Review</strong> .......................................................................................... 31<br />

Subordinating Conjunctions <strong>Review</strong> ........................................................................................ 32<br />

Correlative Conjunctions <strong>Review</strong> ......................................................................................... 33<br />

And & But Conjunctions <strong>Review</strong> ........................................................................................... 34<br />

Or Conjunction <strong>Review</strong> .......................................................................................................... 35<br />

So Conjunction <strong>Review</strong> ........................................................................................................... 36<br />

For Conjunction <strong>Review</strong> ......................................................................................................... 37<br />

Either & Or Conjunctions <strong>Review</strong> ......................................................................................... 38<br />

Not Only & But Also Conjunctions <strong>Review</strong> .............................................................................. 39<br />

Both & And Conjunctions <strong>Review</strong> ........................................................................................ 40<br />

Interjections ...................................................................................................................... 41<br />

Interjections <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................................... 41<br />

Hello Interjections <strong>Review</strong> ..................................................................................................... 42<br />

Yes Interjections <strong>Review</strong> ........................................................................................................ 43<br />

No Interjections <strong>Review</strong> ......................................................................................................... 44<br />

Oh Dear & I Never Interjections <strong>Review</strong> .................................................................................. 45<br />

What & Wow Interjections <strong>Review</strong> ......................................................................................... 46<br />

My God & Darn It Interjections <strong>Review</strong> ................................................................................... 47<br />

Alrighty & Okay Interjections <strong>Review</strong> ...................................................................................... 48<br />

Ouch & Bravo Interjections <strong>Review</strong> ......................................................................................... 49<br />

No Way & Oops Interjections <strong>Review</strong> ..................................................................................... 50<br />

Nouns ................................................................................................................................. 51<br />

Count Nouns <strong>Review</strong> .............................................................................................................. 51<br />

Uncountable Nouns <strong>Review</strong> .................................................................................................. 52<br />

Common Nouns <strong>Review</strong> ......................................................................................................... 53<br />

Collective Nouns <strong>Review</strong> ....................................................................................................... 54<br />

Proper Nouns <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................................. 55<br />

Compound Nouns <strong>Review</strong> ...................................................................................................... 56<br />

Gerunds <strong>Review</strong> ....................................................................................................................... 57


Abstract Nouns <strong>Review</strong> .......................................................................................................... 58<br />

Concrete Nouns <strong>Review</strong> ......................................................................................................... 59<br />

Predicate Nouns <strong>Review</strong> ........................................................................................................ 60<br />

Prepositions ....................................................................................................................... 61<br />

Prepositions <strong>Review</strong>................................................................................................................ 61<br />

Arbitrary Collocations <strong>Review</strong> .............................................................................................. 62<br />

By/Next to/Beside Prepositions <strong>Review</strong> ................................................................................. 63<br />

Time Prepositions <strong>Review</strong> ...................................................................................................... 64<br />

Place Prepositions <strong>Review</strong> ..................................................................................................... 65<br />

Movement Prepositions <strong>Review</strong> ........................................................................................... 66<br />

American/British <strong>English</strong> <strong>Review</strong> ......................................................................................... 67<br />

At Preposition <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................................ 68<br />

On Preposition <strong>Review</strong> ........................................................................................................... 69<br />

In Preposition <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................................. 70<br />

Pronouns ............................................................................................................................ 71<br />

Pronouns <strong>Review</strong> ..................................................................................................................... 71<br />

Personal Pronouns <strong>Review</strong> .................................................................................................... 72<br />

Demonstrative Pronouns <strong>Review</strong> ......................................................................................... 73<br />

Interrogative Pronouns <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................ 74<br />

Indefinite Pronouns <strong>Review</strong> .................................................................................................. 75<br />

Possessive Pronouns <strong>Review</strong> ................................................................................................ 76<br />

Reciprocal Pronouns <strong>Review</strong> ................................................................................................. 77<br />

Relative Pronouns <strong>Review</strong> ..................................................................................................... 78<br />

Reflexive Pronouns <strong>Review</strong> ................................................................................................... 79<br />

Intensive Pronouns <strong>Review</strong> ................................................................................................... 80<br />

Verb .................................................................................................................................... 81<br />

Verb <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................................................. 81<br />

Action Verbs <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................................... 82<br />

Stative Verbs <strong>Review</strong> .............................................................................................................. 83<br />

Auxiliary Verbs <strong>Review</strong>........................................................................................................... 84<br />

Modal Auxiliary Verbs <strong>Review</strong> .............................................................................................. 85<br />

Empty Verbs <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................................... 86


Infinitive Verbs <strong>Review</strong> .......................................................................................................... 87<br />

Past Simple Verbs <strong>Review</strong> ...................................................................................................... 88<br />

Past Participle Verbs <strong>Review</strong> ................................................................................................. 89<br />

Present Participle & ing <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................ 90<br />

<strong>Grammar</strong> Bank ONE ......................................................................................................... 91<br />

Active & Passive Voice <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................. 91<br />

Determiner <strong>Review</strong> ................................................................................................................. 92<br />

Quantifiers & Partitives <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................ 93<br />

Time Adverbs <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................................. 94<br />

Meeting The First Time <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................ 95<br />

Say Goodbye in <strong>English</strong> <strong>Review</strong> ............................................................................................ 96<br />

Indirect Request & Offer <strong>Review</strong> .......................................................................................... 97<br />

Indirect Questions <strong>Review</strong> ..................................................................................................... 98<br />

Negative Questions <strong>Review</strong> .................................................................................................. 99<br />

Question Tags <strong>Review</strong> .......................................................................................................... 100


Eight Parts of <strong>English</strong><br />

Words, Words, Words <strong>Review</strong><br />

<strong>English</strong> is a rich language in so many ways. The <strong>English</strong> language<br />

starts with simple words. The verb “To be” is just the beginning<br />

of your <strong>English</strong> learning adventure. Nouns are next. Vocabulary is<br />

needed to be able to speak about different subjects. Remember<br />

that words are just words until we decide to use them in a certain<br />

way. Below are common examples of different ways we use the<br />

same word.<br />

Examples with the word “Paint”.<br />

Noun: I am going to buy some paint.<br />

Noun with a suffix: I just bought this interesting painting.<br />

Gerund: My friend likes painting.<br />

Adjective with suffix: It is a paintable surface.<br />

Verb: They will paint the house next week.<br />

Verb with a prefix: We must repaint the house next week.<br />

Compound noun: I just bought a paintbrush.<br />

Job or profession: She is an artistic painter.<br />

Idiomatic Phrase: I always paint my face in the morning!<br />

Idiomatic Phrase: Let me paint a picture for you!<br />

Idiom: We are going to paint the town red tonight!<br />

Search your dictionary for each example! Remember that words<br />

in <strong>English</strong> are often used many different ways. There is a new<br />

word created every 89 minutes in the <strong>English</strong> language. Be<br />

creative! Maybe you will create the next new word in <strong>English</strong>!<br />

Index<br />

1


Prefix, Suffix, Affix <strong>Review</strong><br />

What is an “Affix?”. An “Affix” is a letter or letters added to a root word<br />

to change it’s meaning. Prefix and suffix are terms used to further<br />

describe an affix. In other words “Affix” is a word used to describe both a<br />

“Prefix and Suffix”. A “Prefix” is placed before a word. A “Suffix” is placed<br />

after.<br />

New words are created from root words. Many words have both a “Prefix<br />

and Suffix”. There are many forms and specific reasons for adding letters<br />

to words. The main idea is to create other words with different<br />

definitions in <strong>English</strong>. Below are a just few examples. Check your<br />

dictionary for prefixes and suffixes to better understand this subject.<br />

Common Prefix examples: dis-, ir-, un-, re-.<br />

(Dis)agree is the opposite of “Agree”. It is defined as “Not”.<br />

(Ir)responsible is the opposite of “Responsible”. It is defined as “Not”.<br />

(Un)friendly is the opposite of “Friendly”. It is defined as “Not”.<br />

(Re)turn means “Go back” or “Take back”. It is defined as “Again”.<br />

Common Suffix examples: -ed, -ing, -ly, -es.<br />

Cook(ed) The verb to cook. Use for adjectives and past tense verbs.<br />

Runn(ing) The verb to run. Use for gerunds, adjectives and continuous tenses.<br />

Quick(ly) Quickly is an adverb. Use for adverbs and adjectives.<br />

Box(es) Box is a noun and verb. Use for plural nouns and actions.<br />

While there are many affixes in <strong>English</strong>, the above prefixes and suffixes<br />

are regarded as the most common in the <strong>English</strong> language. The above list<br />

is incomplete. Refer to your grammar resource for further explanations.<br />

Have fun with the subject of “Affixes”.<br />

Index<br />

2


Nouns <strong>Review</strong><br />

A noun is just one of “The Eight Parts” of the <strong>English</strong> language.<br />

A noun is the name of a person, place, thing or idea. A proper<br />

noun is a word that always starts with a capital letter or to name<br />

a specific one-of-a-kind item.<br />

Common nouns are words used to name general items. Please<br />

note that a word is just a word until you decide how to use it.<br />

Most nouns can also be used as a verb.<br />

Examples.<br />

Common nouns are in bold type.<br />

Q: Is that your car? A: Yes, I just bought it a few days ago.<br />

Q: Why are they running down the street? A: They need to catch the bus!<br />

Q: Do you want to buy a pair of jeans? A: Yes, let’s go to the shop!<br />

Proper nouns are in bold type.<br />

Q: What is your fathers name? A: His name is Bob.<br />

Q: What city do you live in? A: I live in London.<br />

Q: Who is Mr Jones married to? A: He is married to Sally.<br />

Make Notes! Create More Examples Here!<br />

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Index<br />

3


Pronouns <strong>Review</strong><br />

A Pronoun is one of “The Eight Parts” of the <strong>English</strong> language.<br />

A pronoun replaces a noun or noun phrase. We use pronouns so<br />

as not to repeat a noun again and again.<br />

Most pronouns are short words. There are nine different types of<br />

pronouns.<br />

Some of the most common pronouns are “He, she, it, I, you, we,<br />

they”. Pronouns can function with a direct object or indirect<br />

objects.<br />

Examples.<br />

Pronouns are in bold type.<br />

Q: Is that yours? A: Yes, I just bought it a few days ago.<br />

Q: Why are they running down the street? A: They need to catch the bus!<br />

Q: Do you want to buy a pair of jeans at the shop? A: Yes, let’s walk to it!<br />

Here are more examples of Pronouns.<br />

Q: What is his name? A: His name is Bob.<br />

Q: Do you live in London? A: Yes, I do.<br />

Q: Who is he married to? A: He is married to Sally.<br />

Make Notes! Create More Examples Here!<br />

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Index<br />

4


Verbs <strong>Review</strong><br />

A Verb is one of “The Eight Parts” of the <strong>English</strong> language. A verb<br />

expresses an action, state or feeling. Action verbs express an<br />

activity we can watch or know it is happening.<br />

State or Stative verbs express a fact. Feeling verbs express<br />

senses. Common feeling verbs are “Like, Love, Enjoy”.<br />

Most stative verbs are never used in the continuous tenses.<br />

Some common state verbs are “Have, get and see”.<br />

Every sentence in <strong>English</strong> must have a verb.<br />

Examples.<br />

Action verbs are in bold type.<br />

Q: Do you dance? A: Yes, I dance at the club on Fridays.<br />

Q: Is she running down the street? A: Yes, she runs often!<br />

Q: Are you walking to work today? A: No, I am riding my<br />

bicycle!<br />

Stative verbs are in bold type.<br />

Q: Does it have a name? A: Yes, my new dog’s name is Spot.<br />

Q: Do you live in London? A: Yes, I do.<br />

Q: Who is he married to? A: He is married to Sally.<br />

Make Notes! Create More Examples Here!<br />

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Index<br />

5


Adverbs <strong>Review</strong><br />

An adverb is one of “The Eight Parts” of the <strong>English</strong> language.<br />

An adverb modifies or describes an adjective, a verb or another<br />

adverb.<br />

Adverbs are also called modifiers. Adverbs help express manner,<br />

place, time or degree.<br />

Sentence adverbs can modify an entire sentence. Adverbs can<br />

also modify or change phrases.<br />

Adverbs are one of the most important parts of <strong>English</strong> to study.<br />

Examples.<br />

Adverbs are in bold type.<br />

Q: Are you a really happy person? A: I think so. I am always very cheerful.<br />

Q: Is it super hot in the summer where you live? A: Yes, extremely warm!<br />

Q: Are you riding the red bus today? A: Yes and tomorrow as well!<br />

More adverb examples.<br />

Q: Isn’t it so beautiful outside? A: Yes, the sky is very blue today!<br />

Q: Is London always a friendly city? A: Yes, it is a fun city now.<br />

Q: Has she ever been married? A: Yes, she has been married twice.<br />

Make Notes! Create More Examples Here!<br />

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Index<br />

6


Adjectives <strong>Review</strong><br />

An adjective is one of “The Eight Parts” of the <strong>English</strong> language.<br />

An adjective gives information about nouns, pronouns and<br />

feelings.<br />

Adjectives help describe everything from size to temperature.<br />

From big to small. All about happy and sad.<br />

Adjectives also help create many adverbs. Many adverbs and<br />

adjectives have the same spelling. Adjectives are also referred to<br />

as modifiers.<br />

Examples.<br />

Adjectives are in bold type.<br />

Q: Are you a happy person? A: I think so. I am always cheerful.<br />

Q: Is it hot in the summer where you live? A: Yes, very warm!<br />

Q: Are you riding the red bus today? A: No, I am taking the yellow<br />

cab!<br />

More adjective examples.<br />

Q: Isn’t it beautiful outside? A: Yes, the sky is so blue today!<br />

Q: Is London often cold? A: Yes but, sometimes it is warm.<br />

Q: Is she married to a nice man? A: Yes, and he is handsome too.<br />

Make Notes! Create More Examples Here!<br />

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Index<br />

7


Prepositions <strong>Review</strong><br />

A preposition is one of “The Eight Parts” of the <strong>English</strong> language.<br />

A preposition helps describe place, movement and time.<br />

Three of the most common prepositions are “In, On, and At”.<br />

“In” is often used with limits. “On” is often used when two things<br />

touch. “At” is often used with places or locations.<br />

Prepositions are used for phrases and time expressions. Slang,<br />

informal and idioms contain prepositions too.<br />

Examples.<br />

Prepositions are in bold type.<br />

Q: Are you at home now? A: Yes, I am in the kitchen.<br />

Q: Was it hot on the subway today? A: Yes, I couldn’t wait to get off!<br />

Q: Are you riding in the taxi today? A: Yes, I am getting a taxi at the<br />

airport!<br />

More adverb examples.<br />

Q: Isn’t it beautiful outside? A: Yes, it’s nice at the park too!<br />

Q: Where will you stay while in London? A: At my friends home.<br />

Q: Is she traveling to the sea? A: No, she is staying in the mountains.<br />

Make Notes! Create More Examples Here!<br />

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Index<br />

8


Conjunctions <strong>Review</strong><br />

A Conjunction is one of “The Eight Parts” of the <strong>English</strong> language.<br />

Conjunctions connect or join “Words, Phrases or Clauses”.<br />

Coordinating conjunctions are “For, and, nor, but, or, yet, so”.<br />

There are just seven “Coordinating conjunctions”.<br />

There are other conjunctions as well. They are “Subordinating<br />

and Correlative Conjunctions”.<br />

See “Coordinating conjunction” examples below.<br />

Examples.<br />

Coordinating conjunctions are in bold type.<br />

I tried to call you but you didn’t answer your phone.<br />

I have two cats and a dog.<br />

We are going shopping for a new car.<br />

You can have a sandwich or pizza to eat.<br />

Neither the sandwich nor the pizza seems tasty to me.<br />

My father always worked hard so we could afford a nice home.<br />

I study for my exams yet I always fail.<br />

Make Notes! Create More Examples Here!<br />

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Index<br />

9


Interjections <strong>Review</strong><br />

An Interjection is one of “The Eight Parts” of the <strong>English</strong><br />

language.<br />

An “Interjection” is a word or words that expresses emotion,<br />

excitement or feelings.<br />

Interjections stand alone. Nearly all <strong>English</strong> words can be used as<br />

an interjection. They are used commonly in spoken, casual and<br />

informal <strong>English</strong>.<br />

Interjections can express positive, neutral and negative thoughts.<br />

A few examples are below.<br />

Examples.<br />

Interjections are in bold type.<br />

Yikes! There’s a spider on my foot!<br />

You prepared dinner all by yourself? Wow!<br />

Ouch! That bee just stung me!<br />

You finally graduated from University! Congrats!<br />

Oh dear! I don’t know how to solve this problem!<br />

She spoke Yiddish all day! Cool!<br />

Fantastic! It is such a beautiful day today!<br />

Make Notes! Create More Examples Here!<br />

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Index<br />

10


Adjectives<br />

Learn Adjectives <strong>Review</strong><br />

Learning adjectives is not that difficult. Just ask yourself why we use<br />

adjectives in the first place. What are adjectives?<br />

Adjectives are describing words. We use adjectives to describe “Nouns,<br />

Pronouns and Feelings”.<br />

Sounds simple, right? Not exactly. Study the examples below to better<br />

understand simple ways to use Adjectives.<br />

Practice speaking <strong>English</strong> with Adjectives.<br />

Examples.<br />

Are you happy? Yes, I am or No, I am not!<br />

Is he cold? Yes, he is or No he is not!<br />

Is she excited? Yes, she is or No, she is not!<br />

Is it warm outside? Yes, it is or No, it is not!<br />

Was that book interesting? Yes, it was or No, it was not!<br />

Was that an interesting book? Yes, it was or No, it was not!<br />

How tall is she? She is between 5‘6 or 5‘8!<br />

Negative Questions.<br />

Isn’t it a nice day? Yes, it is or No, it is not!<br />

Aren’t I a happy person? Yes, you are or No you are not!<br />

Aren’t you interested in sports? Yes, I am or No, I am not!<br />

Aren’t we happy people? Yes, we are or No, we are not!<br />

Isn’t she an interesting person? Yes, she is or No, she is not!<br />

Isn’t he an intelligent person? Yes, he is or No, he is not!<br />

<strong>Grammar</strong> Notes.<br />

Remember that adjectives ending in “ing” are used to describe things<br />

(Nouns/Pronouns) and situations. Adjectives ending in “ed” are used to<br />

describe feelings.<br />

Index<br />

11


Adjectives<br />

Adverbs & Adjectives <strong>Review</strong><br />

Adverbs and Adjectives have a direct connection. Why? It’s<br />

because many adverbs are created from adjectives. This is often<br />

accomplished by adding “ly, ily, ally or y” to an adjective to create<br />

an adverb.<br />

Once you learn adjectives, now you are ready to learn adverbs in<br />

different forms. Remember that some adverbs are “irregular” and<br />

they do not follow the normal rule.<br />

Adjectives that Modify Nouns.<br />

Sally wore a beautiful dress to the party!<br />

Slow taxi’s are everywhere in New York!<br />

He is a terrible saxophone player!<br />

The live concert last night finished at three in the morning!<br />

Adverbs that Modify Verbs.<br />

Sally played the piano beautifully!<br />

The taxi drove slowly!<br />

He played the saxophone terribly!<br />

The rock group played music loud and lively!<br />

Irregular Adjectives that Modify Nouns.<br />

He is a fast runner!<br />

She is a good cook!<br />

Irregular Adverbs that Modify Verbs.<br />

They always run so fast!<br />

She cooks so well!<br />

Remember that Adjectives help describe how something feels,<br />

sounds, looks, tastes and acts.<br />

Index<br />

12


Noun Modifiers <strong>Review</strong><br />

Adjectives modify nouns. In other words, they change a quality or<br />

states of being of a noun. Adjectives also describe the quantity of<br />

nouns. Words like hundreds, many, a few, ten. These are all used<br />

to describe how many or how much.<br />

Remember that adjectives describe nouns, pronouns and feelings.<br />

Adjectives do not describe adverbs, verbs or other adverbs.<br />

Noun Modifier Examples.<br />

Is she wearing a new dress? Yes, she is or No, she is not!<br />

Is he riding his red bike? Yes, he is or No, he is not!<br />

Is it an old car? Yes, it is or No, it is not!<br />

Are you having a good time at the party? Yes, I am or No, I am not!<br />

Are they going to have a long vacation? Yes, they are or No, they are not!<br />

Are we eating spicy pizza for dinner? Yes, we are or No, we are not!<br />

Am I traveling to a warm country? Yes, I am or No, I am not!<br />

Noun Quantity Modifiers.<br />

How many people are at this party? There are 100 people here!<br />

How much sugar do we have? We have one pound of sugar!<br />

How many bottles of water did you buy? I bought five bottles of water!<br />

How much coffee would you like? Just one cup please!<br />

How many cars do you own? I have just two cars!<br />

How much money do you have? I have twenty dollars!<br />

How many rooms does your flat have? My flat has three rooms!<br />

How much juice do you drink in the morning? I usually have two glasses!<br />

There is a lot more to the subject of Adjectives. This short lesson<br />

is just part of a series of explanations for one part of <strong>English</strong>.<br />

“How much and how many” are quantifiers in <strong>English</strong>.<br />

Index<br />

13


Possessive Adjectives <strong>Review</strong><br />

Possessive adjectives modify nouns to show possession. In other<br />

words: “Who does something belong to?<br />

The possessive adjectives are “my, your, his, her, its, our and their”.<br />

Use my, your, his, her and its for one of something. Use our and their<br />

for more than one of something.<br />

Study this subject as well as “possessive pronouns” to help you<br />

understand and speak great <strong>English</strong>.<br />

Possessive Adjective Examples.<br />

Is this your shirt on the floor? Yes, it is my shirt! or No, it is not!<br />

Is my coat in the closet? Yes, your coat is in the closet!<br />

Is his car parked near the park? Yes, it is or No, it is not!<br />

Where are her reading glasses? They are on the table!<br />

Can the frog change its color? Yes, it can or No, it cannot!<br />

When is our party going to start? It is going to start at 7.<br />

Who is working on their project? Bob is working on their project!<br />

<strong>Grammar</strong> Notes.<br />

While there are other ways to refer to nouns, possessive adjectives<br />

are just one. Once you have learned possessive adjectives, now it’s<br />

time to focus on your pronouns.<br />

There are several types of pronouns including “personal pronouns”,<br />

“possessive pronouns”, “reflexive pronouns” and “object pronouns”.<br />

Look for other grammar resources to fully understand the subject of<br />

adjectives and pronouns.<br />

Index<br />

14


Demonstrative Adjectives<br />

<strong>Review</strong><br />

What are demonstrative adjectives? They are words used to modify nouns.<br />

They are used to refer to one or more people, place or thing. For this grammar<br />

review, I will focus on just four. They are “This, That, These, Those”.<br />

“This and that” are used to refer to “one”, while “these and those” are used to<br />

refer to “more than one!”<br />

“This and these” are used to refer to something close in proximity, while “that<br />

and those” are used to refer to something further away from you!<br />

Examples.<br />

This book belongs to my best friend, Bill. (One book)<br />

This belongs to Bill. (One Book)<br />

These apples are so delicious! (More than one)<br />

These are so delicious! (More than one apple)<br />

That house over there, belongs to my neighbor! (One house)<br />

That is my neighbors! (One house)<br />

Those people are my parents! (Two people)<br />

Those are my parents! (Two people)<br />

Notes:<br />

There are more demonstrative adjectives. Some examples are “Former, latter,<br />

yon and yonder”. “Former and latter” are used more commonly in everyday<br />

speech, while “yon and yonder” are considered non standard. Non standard<br />

words are not commonly used in todays <strong>English</strong>. They are used in creative<br />

writing and to provoke a smile or two in spoken <strong>English</strong>.<br />

We can use demonstrative adjectives with or without the noun. If the person<br />

you are speaking to, can see or understands what you are referring to, use<br />

without the noun. To emphasize the noun or subject, use both.<br />

Index<br />

15


Comparative Adjectives <strong>Review</strong><br />

What are “Comparative adjectives?”. They are words used to compare two<br />

objects. In other words, when we compare two nouns! Comparative adjectives<br />

help determine which noun is “bigger, smaller, nicer etc”.<br />

Two syllable words are modified by adding a suffix. Adjectives with three<br />

syllables are preceded with the word "More”.<br />

Sometimes it is more appropriate to use the opposite comparative to refer to<br />

people or subjects in a nicer way! We use the term “not as __ as”. Positive<br />

ways to compare in an equal manner is “as __ as”.<br />

Examples with one syllable adjectives.<br />

You are “taller” than me!<br />

I am “not as tall as” you!<br />

You “are as tall as” me! (Equal)<br />

Your house is “bigger” than mine!<br />

My house is “not as big as” yours!<br />

Your house “is as big as” mine! (Equal)<br />

Examples with three syllable words.<br />

Your job is “more important” than mine!<br />

My job is “not as important as” yours!<br />

Our jobs are “equally important”. (Equal)<br />

Your car is “more expensive than” mine!<br />

My car is “less expensive compared to” yours!<br />

Our cars are “equally expensive!” (Equal)<br />

Notes:<br />

As you can see, sometimes we use adverbs to make our statement<br />

understandable. The word “equal” is an adjective while the word “equally” is<br />

an adverb. The above are just a few examples. There are many more!<br />

Index<br />

16


Superlative Adjectives <strong>Review</strong><br />

What are “Superlative Adjectives?”. They are words used to compare a<br />

subject or object to a group!<br />

They are adjectives used to describe a lower or higher quality. We often<br />

do not compare a subject or object with another when referring to the<br />

best or the worst!<br />

Below are a number of examples in different forms. Please note that<br />

adjectives are either regular or irregular. Use the word “Most” before<br />

three syllable adjectives.<br />

“One Syllable” Regular Adjectives.<br />

My car is the fastest!<br />

Your car is the slowest!<br />

His building is the tallest!<br />

Her blue skirt is the shortest!<br />

“Two Syllable” Regular Adjectives.<br />

My wife is the happiest woman in the world!<br />

Your project is the simplest ever!<br />

His business is the busiest in town!<br />

Her new dress is the prettiest color I’ve ever seen!<br />

“Three Syllable” Regular Adjectives.<br />

My wife’s new job is the most interesting ever!<br />

Your car is the most expensive in the neighborhood!<br />

His job is the most exciting he has ever had!<br />

Some Irregular superlative adjectives are “Best, worst, least, most!<br />

Irregular adjectives must be learned by heart. The examples on the page<br />

are just that! “Examples!”. There are many more in the <strong>English</strong> language.<br />

Index<br />

17


Noun Adjectives <strong>Review</strong><br />

What is a noun adjective? Actually, there is no such term but, putting<br />

this subject in simple terms, it just makes sense when nouns are used<br />

in a certain way.<br />

When we use a noun to describe another noun, it becomes a<br />

describing word. Describing words are known as adjectives.<br />

Nouns often act as describing words in <strong>English</strong>. We often use two<br />

nouns together as a compound noun. In other words, two nouns<br />

used to describe something.<br />

Nouns as Adjectives Examples.<br />

Who do you work for? I work for the city government!<br />

What is your profession? I am an article writer!<br />

When is the computer exhibition? It is on Sunday!<br />

Where are you going Saturday? I am going to a horse race!<br />

Why did she go to prison? Because, she is a car thief!<br />

Will you go to the boat race next week? Yes, I will!<br />

Would you like to go on a Sunday picnic? I would love too!<br />

Can we go to the bicycle shop today? Yes, why not!<br />

Could you hand me the salt shaker? Yes, of course!<br />

Remember that adjectives are never plural. However, some words in<br />

<strong>English</strong> are always used with an “S” to refer to a single subject! Here<br />

are a few examples!<br />

News reporter, Billiards table, Athletics trainer. (Singular)<br />

These same nouns as adjectives can also be referred to as plural<br />

nouns by making the main noun plural. Here are a few examples!<br />

Two news reporters, Three billiards tables, Four athletics trainers (Plural)<br />

Index<br />

18


Feelings Adjectives <strong>Review</strong><br />

Feelings adjectives help describe a persons tone, feeling or emotion.<br />

There are countless variants in the <strong>English</strong> language. Most students learn<br />

simple feelings adjectives at first. One syllable and then two or more.<br />

Positive and negative feelings adjectives are important to understand by<br />

degree. “Very, so, really and quite” are used to emphasize simple<br />

adjectives.<br />

Below are a few examples in various degrees.<br />

Positive Feelings Adjectives.<br />

Are you happy now? Yes, I’m happy! or Yes, I am!<br />

Are you glad now? Yes, I’m glad! or Yes, I am!<br />

Are you having fun? Yes, I am having fun or Yes, I am!<br />

Are you having a good time at the party? Yes, I am!<br />

Negative Feelings Adjectives.<br />

Why are you sad? I lost my watch!<br />

Why do you feel bad? I forgot to take my medicine!<br />

Why are you afraid of the dark? Because my brother is!<br />

Why are you scared of dogs? Because I was bitten by one!<br />

Feelings Adjectives with suffix “ed”.<br />

Why are you excited? I have just won the lottery!<br />

Why are you bored with your job? I don’t have time off!<br />

Remember that some adjectives end with “ing and ed”. We add “ed” to a<br />

word ending (Suffix), when we refer to our feelings. We used “ing” when<br />

we refer to nouns.<br />

Index<br />

19


Personality Adjectives <strong>Review</strong><br />

What are personality adjectives? Personality adjectives are used to<br />

describe a persons personality or character.<br />

Everyone has a different personality. It is important to study and learn<br />

personality adjectives.<br />

Describing objects and people is easier with the proper vocabulary. We<br />

often use adverbs “so, very, really and quite” to emphasize adjectives.<br />

Often we use a prefix to create the opposite meaning of a word.<br />

Positive Personality Adjectives Examples.<br />

I like my best friend because she is always so positive!<br />

He is a creative person in his job!<br />

She is always frank when she shares her opinion!<br />

It is a friendly cat. Simon is always close to me!<br />

He is so funny. I really like his movies!<br />

She is very entertaining. I always enjoy her performances!<br />

It is really active today. My cat is running everywhere!<br />

Negative Personality Adjectives Examples.<br />

My neighbor is always acting in a negative way!<br />

He was uncreative in his last job!<br />

She is shy when talking about her family!<br />

The neighbors dog is so unfriendly!<br />

He is always so uninteresting! He sleeps all day!<br />

She is often vague about her job!<br />

There are many words used to describe personalities. The examples<br />

above are meant to help you with grammar, pronunciation and<br />

intonation. Remember that we can emphasize words when a persons<br />

voice is elevated. We can also make statements stronger by speaking<br />

word for word without contractions.<br />

Index<br />

20


Adverbs<br />

Ever & Never Adverbs <strong>Review</strong><br />

The adverbs “Ever and Never” are just two of the many adverbs<br />

used in the <strong>English</strong> language.<br />

The most common tenses these adverbs are used in, are the<br />

“Perfect Tenses”. It is quite common for these two adverbs to be<br />

used in combination.<br />

“Ever” is often used to form questions and negatives about the<br />

past. “Never” is used for negative responses.<br />

When used in “Perfect Tenses”, we never refer to exact time.<br />

These adverbs can also be used in simple tenses as well.<br />

Below are a few examples to study.<br />

Examples.<br />

Present perfect tense.<br />

Q: Have you ever been to Mexico? A: No, I haven’t or Yes, I have.<br />

Q: Have you ever eaten sushi? A: Yes, I have or No I haven’t.<br />

Q: Have you ever ridden a motorcycle? A: No, I haven’t or Yes, I<br />

have.<br />

Present simple tense.<br />

Q: Do you ever read? No, I never read or Yes, I do.<br />

Q: Do you ever dream of the past? No, I never do or Yes, I do.<br />

Q: Do you ever eat pizza on Fridays? Yes, I do or No, I don’t.<br />

Index<br />

21


Adverbs

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