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I-8 Index Orifice meter, 119, 442 Outer layer, 405 Overexpanded nozzle, 608, video V11.6 Overlap layer, 405 video V11.5, Panel method, 702 Parallel plates, 309 Pascal, B., 28, 39 Pascal, 13 Pascal’s law, 39 Pathline, 154, video V4.11 Pelton wheel, 674, video V5.6, video V12.2, video V12.3 Perfect gas law, 12, 615, video V11.1 Physical properties of fluids: of air, 717, 718 of common gases, 14, 714 of common liquids, 12, 715 of U.S. Standard Atmosphere, 719, 720 of water, 716 Piezometer, 50, 105, video V2.2 Piezometric head, 124, video V2.2 Pipe: aging, 412 compressible adiabatic flow in, see Fanno line flow developing flow in, 388 fittings, 422 flow meter, 441 flowrate, 441 fully developed flow in, 313, 388, 390 head loss, see Head loss heat transfer in, see Rayleigh line flow hydraulically smooth, 413 laminar flow in, 313, 385, 388, video V6.13 noncircular, 425 relative roughness of, 411 smooth, 413 transitional flow in, 385, 399, video V8.2, video V8.3, video V8.8 turbulent flow in, 385, 399, video V8.2, video V8.3 Pipe system components, 384 Pipe systems, 384, video V6.14 loop, 438 multiple pipes, 437 networks, 440 parallel, 437 series, 437 single pipes, 428 Pi terms, 335, 336, 345 Pi theorem, 335 Pitot, H., 28 Pitot-static tube, 106, 109, video V3.8 Pitot tube, 124, 632, video V3.8 Plane Poiseuille flow, 315 Planform area, 497 Poise, 20 Poiseuille, J., 28, 313, 393 Poiseuille flow, 313, 393, video V6.13 plane, 315 Poiseuille’s law, 315, 393 Polar coordinates, 75 Polar diagram, lift-drag, 516 Position vector, 148 Potential, velocity, 284 Potential energy, 103, 223 Potential flow theory, 284, 305, video V6.9 basic plane flows, 286, video V6.6, video V6.7, video V6.10 doublet, 293 sink, 288 source, 288 uniform flow, 287 vortex, 290 singularity, 289 superposition of basic plane flows, 295, video V6.5 flow past cylinder, 300 flow past half-body, 296, video V6.5 flow past Rankine oval, 298 flow past rotating cylinder, 303 Potential function, 284 Pound: force, 8 mass, 8 Power, 2, 224 coefficient, 666, 683 units of, 7 Power-law velocity profile, 406 Power specific speed, 684 Prandtl, L., 27, 29, 405, 468 Prandtl boundary layer equations, 474 Prediction equation, 355 Pressure: absolute, 13, 48 atmospheric, 13, 719, 720 center of, 58, 60 coefficient, 349, 496 definition, 13 dynamic, 105 gage, 13, 48 hydrostatic, 42, 105 isentropic stagnation, see Isentropic stagnation properties measurement of, 48, 109, video V2.2, video V2.3 at a point, 38, 279, 307 stagnation, 105, 106, 632, video V3.7 static, 105 suction, 48 thermodynamic, 105 total, 105, 106 vacuum, 48 vapor, 23 Pressure coefficient, 349, 496 Pressure distribution: airfoil, 463 automobile, 513, video V2.1 converging–diverging nozzle, 608 cylinder, inviscid flow, 301, 491 cylinder, viscous flow, 491 entrance of pipe, 388, 417 hydrostatic, 42 in rigid-body motion, 72, 75 in a rotating fluid, 75 standard atmosphere, 47, 419, 420 Pressure drag, see Drag Pressure drag coefficient, 496
Index I-9 Pressure force, 40 Pressure gradient, 41 adverse, 300, 490 effect on boundary layer, 488 favorable, 490 Pressure head, 43, 103, 124 Pressure at a jet exit, 110 Pressure prism, 63 Pressure recovery coefficient, 421 Pressure tap, 109 Pressure transducer, 55 strain gage, 56 Primary quantities, 4 Product of inertia, 59 of common areas, 60 Profile, velocity, see Velocity profile Propeller pump, 671 Properties: of air, 717, 718 of common gases, 14, 714 of common liquids, 12, 714 of U.S. Standard Atmosphere, 47, 719, 720 of water, 716 Prototype, 354 Pump, 645 affinity laws, 669 axial-flow, 671 blades, 653 centrifugal, 653 dimensionless parameters, 666 double-stage, 654 efficiency, 239 fan, 673 geometrically similar, 666 head, 656, 662 mixed-flow, 671 multistage, 654 parallel, 665 performance curve, 658 propeller, 671 scaling laws, 667, 668 selection, 662 series, 665 similarity laws, 666 single-stage, 654 specific speed, 669 stage, 671 system equation, 662 Quasi-steady flow, 130 Radial-flow machine, 647 Rankine oval, 298 Rapidly varied flow, 536, 555, video V10.9, video V10.10 Rate of angular deformation, 269, video V6.3 Rate of heat transfer, 223 Rate of shearing strain, 15, 269 Rayleigh, Lord, 29 Rayleigh line flow, 609, 620 basic equations for, 620 graph for calculation of, 723 normal shock in, 624 T–s diagram, 621, 624 Rayleigh Pitot tube formula, 632 Reaction turbine, 673, 682 Rectangular weir, 122, 562 Reentrant entrance, 417 Reference dimensions, 335, 342 Relative roughness, 411, 487 Relative velocity, 176, 196, 218, 647 Repeating variable, 336 Restricted homogeneous equation, 5 Reversible process, 131 Reynolds, O., 29, 348, 385 Reynolds number, 18, 347, 348, 372 critical, see Transition to turbulence properties of flows with low, 467, 469, video V1.2, video V7.3, video V7.7, video V9.10 properties of flows with large, 467, 469, video V1.1, video V7.3 Reynolds pipe flow experiment, 385, video V8.2 Reynolds stress, 404 Reynolds transport theorem, 166, 168, 170, 173 Rheology, 3 Right-hand rule, 218 Rigid body motion of fluid, 72 Ripple tank, 634 Rising head curve, 659 Rotameter, 445, video V8.13 Rotation, 130, 264, 267 vector, 268 Rotor, turbomachine, 217, 221, 647, 687 Roughness: effect on models, 360, 367, video V7.13 on flat plates, 487 in open channels, 549 in pipes, 410 relative, 411 typical values of, 412 Roughness coefficient, Manning, 549 Round-off error, 703 Scale: length, 358 model, 358 Scaling laws for pumps, 667 Secondary flow: in a pipe, 421 Secondary quantities, 4 Second law of thermodynamics, 239 Second moment of area, 59 of common areas, 60 Semi-infinitesimal control volume, 239 Separation: video V6.8, video V9.6, video V9.11, video V9.13 in a boundary layer, 282, 468, 490 in a pipe, 417, 421 with a shock wave, 631 Separation location, 468 on an airfoil, 492 on a cylinder, 468, 490 definition, 490 Shaft: head, 233 power, 219, 652 torque, 219, 652 work, 219, 652
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Achieve Positive Learning Outcomes
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WileyPLUS combines robust course ma
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Sixth Edition F undamentals of Flui
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About the Authors vii Bruce R. Muns
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P reface This book is intended for
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Preface xi Life Long Learning Probl
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Preface xiii WileyPLUS offers today
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Featured in this Book xv LEARNING O
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C ontents 1 INTRODUCTION 1 Learning
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Contents xix 6.4.3 Irrotational Flo
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12.6 Axial-Flow and Mixed-Flow Pump
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10 8 Jupiter red spot diameter 2 Ch
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4 Chapter 1 ■ Introduction and do
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6 Chapter 1 ■ Introduction up the
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8 Chapter 1 ■ Introduction the SI
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10 Chapter 1 ■ Introduction E XAM
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12 Chapter 1 ■ Introduction TABLE
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14 Chapter 1 ■ Introduction TABLE
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16 Chapter 1 ■ Introduction Crude
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18 Chapter 1 ■ Introduction Visco
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20 Chapter 1 ■ Introduction Kinem
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22 Chapter 1 ■ Introduction As th
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24 Chapter 1 ■ Introduction Boili
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28 Chapter 1 ■ Introduction The r
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30 Chapter 1 ■ Introduction fluid
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32 Chapter 1 ■ Introduction Secti
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34 Chapter 1 ■ Introduction avail
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2 Fluid Statics CHAPTER OPENING PHO
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40 Chapter 2 ■ Fluid Statics in a
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42 Chapter 2 ■ Fluid Statics p Fo
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100 Chapter 3 ■ Elementary Fluid
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148 Chapter 4 ■ Fluid Kinematics
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462 Chapter 9 ■ Flow over Immerse
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10 Open-Channel Flow CHAPTER OPENIN
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536 Chapter 10 ■ Open-Channel Flo
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Page 726 and 727: 702 Appendix A ■ Computational Fl
Page 738 and 739: A ppendix B Physical Properties of
Page 740 and 741: 716 Appendix B ■ Physical Propert
Page 742 and 743: 718 Appendix B ■ Physical Propert
Page 744 and 745: 720 Appendix C ■ Properties of th
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Page 757 and 758: I ndex Absolute pressure, 13, 48 Ab
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Page 774: V10.3 Water strider V10.13 Triangul
Page 781 and 782: ■ TABLE 1.4 Conversion Factors fr
Page 783: ■ TABLE 1.7 Approximate Physical
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