fluid_mechanics

use the Manning equation to analyze uniform depth flow in an open channel.
calculate properties such as the depth ratio and the head loss for a hydraulic jump.
determine the flowrates over sharp-crested weirs, broad-crested weirs, and under underflow gates.
Some of the important equations in this chapter are:
Review Problems 569
Froude number
Wave speed
Fr V1gy2 1 2
c 1gy
(10.3)
Specific energy E y V 2
2g
(10.8)
Manning equation V k n R h 23 12
S 0 (10.19)
y 2
Hydraulic jump depth ratio 1 (10.24)
y 1 2 11 21 8Fr 1
2 2
h L
Hydraulic jump head loss 1 y 2
Fr 1 2
2
(10.25)
y 1 y 1 2 c 1 ay 1
b d
y 2
Rectangular sharp-crested weir Q C 2 wr (10.30)
3 12g b H3 2
Triangular sharp-crested weir Q C 8 wt (10.32)
15 tan au 2 b 12g H 5 2
Broad-crested weir Q C wb b 1g a 2 32
(10.33)
3 b H 3 2
Underflow gate q C d a12gy 1
(10.35)
References
1. Currie, C. G., and Currie, I. G., Fundamental Mechanics of Fluids, Third Edition, Marcel Dekker,
New York, 2003.
2. Stoker, J. J., Water Waves, Interscience, New York, 1957.
3. Henderson, F. M., Open Channel Flow, Macmillan, New York, 1966.
4. Rouse, H., Elementary Fluid Mechanics, Wiley, New York, 1946.
5. French, R. H., Open Channel Hydraulics, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1992.
6. Chow, V. T., Open Channel Hydraulics, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1959.
7. Blevins, R. D., Applied Fluid Dynamics Handbook, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1984.
8. Daugherty, R. L., and Franzini, J. B., Fluid Mechanics with Engineering Applications, McGraw-Hill,
New York, 1977.
9. Vennard, J. K., and Street, R. L., Elementary Fluid Mechanics, Seventh Edition Wiley, New York, 1995.
10. Lenz, A. T., “Viscosity and Surface Tension Effects on V-Notch Weir Coefficients,” Transactions of
the American Society of Chemical Engineers, Vol. 108, 759–820, 1943.
11. White, F. M., Fluid Mechanics, 5th Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 2003.
12. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Research Studies on Stilling Basins, Energy Dissipators, and Associated
Appurtenances, Hydraulic Lab Report Hyd.-399, June 1, 1955.
13. Wallet, A., and Ruellan, F., Houille Blanche, Vol. 5, 1950.
14. Spitzer, D. W., ed., Flow Measurement: Practical Guides for Measurement and Control, Instrument
Society of America, Research Triangle Park, NC, 1991.
Review Problems
Go to Appendix G for a set of review problems with answers. Detailed
solutions can be found in Student Solution Manual and Study
Guide for Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics, by Munson et al.
(© 2009 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.).