Diagnostic Ultrasound - Abdomen and Pelvis

Small Kidney
Differential Diagnoses: Kidney
(Left) Longitudinal ultrasound
of the right kidney in endstage
renal disease. The
kidney ſt is small and
lobulated, a nonspecific
appearance, which can be the
end result of many disorders.
Note the prominent
perinephric fat st between
the liver and kidney. (Right)
Longitudinal ultrasound of the
right kidney in a 1 year old
with a history of grade III-IV
reflux on the right shows an
atrophic kidney ſt with no
hydronephrosis. No focal scars
were detected.
Chronic Hypertensive Nephropathy
Chronic Reflux Nephropathy
(Left) Longitudinal ultrasound
of the left kidney shows a
lobulated contour with
cortical loss ſt in the upper
and mid to lower poles. There
is mild pelvic dilatation st.
(Right) NECT of the same
patient confirms the atrophy
of the left kidney with cortical
loss ſt. A few tiny
calcifications st were noted,
not seen on the ultrasound.
Chronic Reflux Nephropathy
Chronic Reflux Nephropathy
(Left) T2 HASTE MR of the
same patient performed for
gallbladder disease shows
calyceal dilatation under areas
of cortical loss ſt. MR has
superior contrast resolution to
CT and is less affected by body
habitus than ultrasound.
(Right) Longitudinal
ultrasound of the right kidney
in a patient with established
HIV nephropathy. The renal
cortex is markedly echogenic
ſt and small with loss of sinus
fat.
Chronic Reflux Nephropathy
Chronic HIV Nephropathy
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