Diagnostic Ultrasound - Abdomen and Pelvis

Enlarged Kidney
Perinephric Fluid Collections
HIV Nephropathy
(Left) Transverse ultrasound
shows the right renal lower
pole ſt, which is surrounded
by a perinephric collection st
containing debris. Differential
diagnosis includes hematoma,
seroma, urinoma, or
lymphocele. (Right)
Longitudinal ultrasound shows
a large right kidney with
echogenic cortex ſt and
prominent pyramids st in a
patient with HIV nephropathy.
Many pathologic processes
cause increased cortical
echogenicity.
Differential Diagnoses: Kidney
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney
Disease (ADPKD)
Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney (MDK)
(Left) Longitudinal ultrasound
shows an enlarged left kidney
(16 cm) with multiple cysts ſt
of varying sizes. There is no
normal intervening
parenchyma. The right kidney
was similar. Liver cysts were
also present. (Right)
Longitudinal ultrasound of an
infant with multicystic
dysplastic kidney shows an
enlarged left kidney with
multiple noncommunicating
cysts of varying sizes ſt with
no normal cortex. This was a
nonfunctioning kidney.
Crossed Fused Renal Ectopia
Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney
Disease (ARPKD)
(Left) Transverse oblique
ultrasound shows a crossed
fused ectopia with the 2 renal
moieties st fused in the upper
pelvis anterior to the aorta ſt.
(Right) Longitudinal
ultrasound of the right kidney
in a neonate with abnormal
kidneys detected in utero. The
kidney is large (10.1 cm) and
echogenic with innumerable
tiny cysts ſt. These produce
areas of increased reflectivity
st when too small to be
resolved.
951