Diagnostic Ultrasound - Abdomen and Pelvis
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Diagnostic Ultrasound - Abdomen and Pelvis

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INDEX - inflammatory, gallbladder cholesterol polyp vs., 297 - placental. See Retained products of conception. Polysplenia, 30 Porcelain gallbladder, 312–313 - diagnostic checklist, 313 - differential diagnosis, 313 - hyperechoic gallbladder wall vs., 906 Porta hepatis, 6, 17 Porta hepatis tumor, cholangiocarcinoma vs., 336 Portal hypertension - portal vein abnormality vs., 898 - venoocclusive disease vs., 193 Portal triad, 4, 24–25 Portal vein, 4, 10, 13, 24–25, 28, 34, 53, 86, 94 - abnormality, 898–899 differential diagnosis, 898 - branch, 19 thrombosed, biliary duct dilatation vs., 323 - cavernous transformation of, periportal lesion vs., 892 - left, 8, 10–11, 13, 18 - main, 8, 16–18, 22, 26–28 - pulsatile, portal vein abnormality vs., 898 - right, 8, 11, 14–16, 28, 51 - tumor thrombus, portal vein abnormality vs., 898 Portal vein cavernoma, biliary duct dilatation vs., 323 Portal vein gas, 272–273 - biliary ductal gas vs., 333 - diagnostic checklist, 273 - differential diagnosis, 273 - portal vein abnormality vs., 898 Portal vein (PV) occlusion, 264–267 - diagnostic checklist, 266 - differential diagnosis, 265 - false-negative, portal vein occlusion vs., 265 - false-positive, portal vein occlusion vs., 265 - transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt vs., 261 Portal vein stenosis, liver transplant, 275 Portal vein thrombosis - bland, portal vein abnormality vs., 898 - Budd-Chiari syndrome vs., 269 - liver transplant, 275 - venoocclusive disease vs., 193 Portosystemic collaterals - periportal lesion vs., 892 - portal vein abnormality vs., 898 Post ablative therapy, small kidney and, 952 Post chemotherapy, small kidney and, 953 Posterior bowel wall, 77 Posterior reverberation artefact, 81 - from gas in transverse colon, 81 Postmenopausal adnexal cyst, cystic adnexal mass vs., 1028 Postobstructive atrophy, small kidney vs., 952 Post surgery, small kidney and, 952 Postsurgical hepatic resection, irregular hepatic surface and, 896 Post-traumatic renal atrophy, small kidney vs., 953 Pouch of Douglas, 95, 114 Power Doppler mode, 174 Preaortic nodes, 84 Pregnancy - corpus luteum of, tubal ectopic pregnancy vs., 775 - ectopic adnexal, right, ruptured, appendicitis vs., 648 adnexal/ovarian torsion vs., 858 cervical failed first trimester pregnancy vs., 788 Nabothian cyst vs., 727–728 extraovarian adnexal mass vs., 1036 functional ovarian cyst vs., 801 hemorrhagic cyst vs., 805 pseudosac of, failed first trimester pregnancy vs., 787 scar abortion in progress vs., 782 intrauterine pregnancy vs., 782 solid adnexal mass vs., 1032 tubal, 774–779 in bowel, 776 diagnostic checklist, 776 differential diagnosis, 775–776 interstitial ectopic pregnancy vs., 782 unusual, 780–785 diagnostic checklist, 782 differential diagnosis, 782 - first trimester, failed, 786–791 diagnostic checklist, 788 differential diagnosis, 787–788 - heterotopic functional ovarian cyst vs., 801 ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome vs., 809 - intrauterine early, normal, failed first trimester pregnancy vs., 787 interstitial pregnancy vs., 782 - invasive molar, retained products of conception vs., 793 - molar. See Gestational trophoblastic disease. - of unknown location, failed first trimester pregnancy vs., 788 Pregnancy complications - abnormal endometrium vs., 1048 - enlarged uterus vs., 1046 Preprostatic sphincter, 120, 124 Presacral space, 151 Prevesical space (space of Retzius), 151 Primary cervical lymphoma, cervical carcinoma vs., 731 Primary gallbladder neoplasms, focal gallbladder wall thickening/mass vs., 908 Primary ovarian cancer, ovarian metastases including Krukenberg tumor vs., 861 Primary ovarian malignancy, solid adnexal mass vs., 1033 Primary renal lymphoma (PRL). See Renal lymphoma. Primary renal synovial sarcoma, cystic renal mass vs., 965 Primary sclerosing cholangitis - AIDS-related cholangiopathy vs., 347 - ascending cholangitis vs., 340 - Caroli disease vs., 205 - cholangiocarcinoma vs., 336 - choledochal cyst vs., 325 - recurrent, liver transplant biliary stricture vs., 277 - recurrent pyogenic cholangitis vs., 343 Primary testicular neoplasm, testicular lymphoma/leukemia vs., 691 xxxi

INDEX xxxii Primary tumors - benign, splenomegaly vs., 402 - epiploic appendagitis vs., 661 - malignant, splenomegaly vs., 402 Primary vascular tumors, splenomegaly vs., 402 Prominent hilar vessels, allograft hydronephrosis vs., 560 Prominent pyramids, simple renal cyst vs., 463 Proper ovarian ligament, 163 Prostate, 74, 83, 113, 115, 118, 120–127, 131 - base, 83 - central zone, 123–124 - enlarged, 992–993 differential diagnosis, 992 - focal lesion in, 994–997 differential diagnosis, 994 - gross anatomy, 120–121 - peripheral zone, 123–124, 126–127 - sarcoma, focal lesion in prostate vs., 995 - secondary tumors of, focal lesion in prostate vs., 995 - in situ, 122 - transition zone, 123–124, 126–127 - transrectal biopsy, 121 - transrectal ultrasound, 126 - zonal anatomy, 123–124 Prostate adenocarcinoma. See also Prostatic carcinoma. - cystic, focal lesion in prostate vs., 995 - enlarged prostate vs., 992 Prostate carcinoma (PCa). See Prostatic carcinoma. Prostate lymphoma, enlarged prostate vs., 992 Prostate sarcomas, enlarged prostate vs., 992 Prostatic abscess - enlarged prostate vs., 992 - focal lesion in prostate vs., 994 Prostatic calcification, focal lesion in prostate vs., 994 Prostatic carcinoma, 528–533 - diagnostic checklist, 530 - differential diagnosis, 529–530 - focal lesion in prostate vs., 994 - prostatic hyperplasia vs., 526 - spread of, 121 - staging, grading, and classification, 530 Prostatic cysts - enlarged prostate vs., 992 - mimics of, focal lesion in prostate vs., 995 Prostatic disease, zonal distribution of, 121 Prostatic ducts, 122 Prostatic hyperplasia, 524–527 - benign enlarged prostate vs., 992 prostatic carcinoma vs., 529 - diagnostic checklist, 526 - differential diagnosis, 526 - intraluminal bladder mass vs., 940 Prostatic hypertrophy, benign, bladder carcinoma vs., 535 Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) - focal lesion in prostate vs., 994 - prostatic carcinoma vs., 530 Prostatic phyllodes tumor, enlarged prostate vs., 992 Prostatic sinus, 122 Prostatic urethra, 118, 122 - distal, 124 - proximal, 124 Prostatism. See Prostatic hyperplasia. Prostatitis - enlarged prostate vs., 992 - focal lesion in prostate vs., 994 - prostatic carcinoma vs., 529–530 - prostatic hyperplasia vs., 526 Prostatomegaly, bladder calculi vs., 547 Proteinaceous cyst, renal abscess vs., 481 Pseudo renal artery stenosis, transplant renal artery stenosis vs., 568 Pseudoaneurysm - intrasplenic, splenic cyst vs., 406 - renal transplant, 576–577 diagnostic checklist, 577 differential diagnosis, 577 - renal transplant arteriovenous fistula vs., 575 Pseudocapsule, 123, 126–127 Pseudocyst - mucinous cystic pancreatic tumor vs., 367 - nonpancreatic, cystic peritoneal mass vs., 987 - pancreatic, 358–361 choledochal cyst vs., 325 cystic pancreatic lesion vs., 920 cystic pancreatic mass vs., 351 diagnostic checklist, 360 differential diagnosis, 359 intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm vs., 375 serous cystadenoma of pancreas vs., 371 Pseudomole, gestational trophoblastic disease vs., 797 Pseudomyxoma peritonei - ascites vs., 626 - cystic peritoneal mass vs., 987 - perigraft fluid collections vs., 564 - peritoneal carcinomatosis vs., 629 - peritoneal inclusion cyst vs., 842 Pseudopapillary neoplasm, solid - cystic pancreatic lesion vs., 921 - solid pancreatic lesion vs., 925 Pseudopapillary tumor, solid, mucinous cystic pancreatic tumor vs., 368 Pseudotumor - fibrous, focal extratesticular mass vs., 1019 - renal, solid renal mass vs., 968 Pseudoureterocele, ureterocele vs., 539 Psoas muscle, 24, 50, 76–78, 80, 82, 96, 106, 112 - left, 32–33, 59, 61–62, 64, 103, 106 - major, 49 - minor muscle, 98 - right, 42, 50, 53, 55, 102–105 - tendon of, 104 Ptotic kidney, renal ectopia vs., 429 Pubic symphysis, 113 Puborectalis, 83 Pulsatile portal vein, portal vein abnormality vs., 898 Pyelitis - emphysematous, emphysematous pyelonephritis vs., 483 - urolithiasis vs., 450 Pyelocalyceal diverticulum, simple renal cyst vs., 463

INDEX<br />

xxxii<br />

Primary tumors<br />

- benign, splenomegaly vs., 402<br />

- epiploic appendagitis vs., 661<br />

- malignant, splenomegaly vs., 402<br />

Primary vascular tumors, splenomegaly vs., 402<br />

Prominent hilar vessels, allograft hydronephrosis vs., 560<br />

Prominent pyramids, simple renal cyst vs., 463<br />

Proper ovarian ligament, 163<br />

Prostate, 74, 83, 113, 115, 118, 120–127, 131<br />

- base, 83<br />

- central zone, 123–124<br />

- enlarged, 992–993<br />

differential diagnosis, 992<br />

- focal lesion in, 994–997<br />

differential diagnosis, 994<br />

- gross anatomy, 120–121<br />

- peripheral zone, 123–124, 126–127<br />

- sarcoma, focal lesion in prostate vs., 995<br />

- secondary tumors of, focal lesion in prostate vs., 995<br />

- in situ, 122<br />

- transition zone, 123–124, 126–127<br />

- transrectal biopsy, 121<br />

- transrectal ultrasound, 126<br />

- zonal anatomy, 123–124<br />

Prostate adenocarcinoma. See also Prostatic carcinoma.<br />

- cystic, focal lesion in prostate vs., 995<br />

- enlarged prostate vs., 992<br />

Prostate carcinoma (PCa). See Prostatic carcinoma.<br />

Prostate lymphoma, enlarged prostate vs., 992<br />

Prostate sarcomas, enlarged prostate vs., 992<br />

Prostatic abscess<br />

- enlarged prostate vs., 992<br />

- focal lesion in prostate vs., 994<br />

Prostatic calcification, focal lesion in prostate vs., 994<br />

Prostatic carcinoma, 528–533<br />

- diagnostic checklist, 530<br />

- differential diagnosis, 529–530<br />

- focal lesion in prostate vs., 994<br />

- prostatic hyperplasia vs., 526<br />

- spread of, 121<br />

- staging, grading, <strong>and</strong> classification, 530<br />

Prostatic cysts<br />

- enlarged prostate vs., 992<br />

- mimics of, focal lesion in prostate vs., 995<br />

Prostatic disease, zonal distribution of, 121<br />

Prostatic ducts, 122<br />

Prostatic hyperplasia, 524–527<br />

- benign<br />

enlarged prostate vs., 992<br />

prostatic carcinoma vs., 529<br />

- diagnostic checklist, 526<br />

- differential diagnosis, 526<br />

- intraluminal bladder mass vs., 940<br />

Prostatic hypertrophy, benign, bladder carcinoma vs., 535<br />

Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN)<br />

- focal lesion in prostate vs., 994<br />

- prostatic carcinoma vs., 530<br />

Prostatic phyllodes tumor, enlarged prostate vs., 992<br />

Prostatic sinus, 122<br />

Prostatic urethra, 118, 122<br />

- distal, 124<br />

- proximal, 124<br />

Prostatism. See Prostatic hyperplasia.<br />

Prostatitis<br />

- enlarged prostate vs., 992<br />

- focal lesion in prostate vs., 994<br />

- prostatic carcinoma vs., 529–530<br />

- prostatic hyperplasia vs., 526<br />

Prostatomegaly, bladder calculi vs., 547<br />

Proteinaceous cyst, renal abscess vs., 481<br />

Pseudo renal artery stenosis, transplant renal artery<br />

stenosis vs., 568<br />

Pseudoaneurysm<br />

- intrasplenic, splenic cyst vs., 406<br />

- renal transplant, 576–577<br />

diagnostic checklist, 577<br />

differential diagnosis, 577<br />

- renal transplant arteriovenous fistula vs., 575<br />

Pseudocapsule, 123, 126–127<br />

Pseudocyst<br />

- mucinous cystic pancreatic tumor vs., 367<br />

- nonpancreatic, cystic peritoneal mass vs., 987<br />

- pancreatic, 358–361<br />

choledochal cyst vs., 325<br />

cystic pancreatic lesion vs., 920<br />

cystic pancreatic mass vs., 351<br />

diagnostic checklist, 360<br />

differential diagnosis, 359<br />

intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm vs., 375<br />

serous cystadenoma of pancreas vs., 371<br />

Pseudomole, gestational trophoblastic disease vs., 797<br />

Pseudomyxoma peritonei<br />

- ascites vs., 626<br />

- cystic peritoneal mass vs., 987<br />

- perigraft fluid collections vs., 564<br />

- peritoneal carcinomatosis vs., 629<br />

- peritoneal inclusion cyst vs., 842<br />

Pseudopapillary neoplasm, solid<br />

- cystic pancreatic lesion vs., 921<br />

- solid pancreatic lesion vs., 925<br />

Pseudopapillary tumor, solid, mucinous cystic pancreatic<br />

tumor vs., 368<br />

Pseudotumor<br />

- fibrous, focal extratesticular mass vs., 1019<br />

- renal, solid renal mass vs., 968<br />

Pseudoureterocele, ureterocele vs., 539<br />

Psoas muscle, 24, 50, 76–78, 80, 82, 96, 106, 112<br />

- left, 32–33, 59, 61–62, 64, 103, 106<br />

- major, 49<br />

- minor muscle, 98<br />

- right, 42, 50, 53, 55, 102–105<br />

- tendon of, 104<br />

Ptotic kidney, renal ectopia vs., 429<br />

Pubic symphysis, 113<br />

Puborectalis, 83<br />

Pulsatile portal vein, portal vein abnormality vs., 898<br />

Pyelitis<br />

- emphysematous, emphysematous pyelonephritis vs.,<br />

483<br />

- urolithiasis vs., 450<br />

Pyelocalyceal diverticulum, simple renal cyst vs., 463

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