Diagnostic Ultrasound - Abdomen and Pelvis

Abnormal Endometrium
Tamoxifen-Induced Changes
Tamoxifen-Induced Changes
(Left) Longitudinal US shows
normal-thickness
endometrium ſt surrounded
by ill-defined hypoechoic
myometrium secondary to
tamoxifen therapy, which
mimics a thickened
endometrium. Subendometrial
cysts are visible. (Right)
Longitudinal US shows a
thickened, heterogeneous
endometrium ſt with internal
cysts st in a patient on
Tamoxifen therapy for breast
cancer.
Differential Diagnoses: Female Pelvis
Endometritis
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
(Left) Longitudinal US shows
an expanded endometrium ſt
containing mixed-echogenicity
material st in a patient with
pelvic inflammatory disease
and vaginal discharge,
consistent with pyometra.
(Right) Longitudinal US shows
a thickened, predominantly
echogenic secretory phase
endometrium ſt in a patient
with polycystic ovarian
syndrome.
Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma
Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma
(Left) Transabdominal US in
the sagittal plane shows a
markedly thickened
endometrium with mixed solid
and cystic components ſt.
Pathology showed
endometrial sarcoma. (Right)
Transabdominal transverse
color Doppler US in the same
patient shows a markedly
thickened endometrium with
mixed solid and cystic
components ſt. Although this
appears hypovascular,
pathology was consistent with
endometrial sarcoma. Note
the thinning of the posterior
myometrium st from invasion.
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