Diagnostic Ultrasound - Abdomen and Pelvis

Enlarged Ovary
Theca Lutein Cysts
Theca Lutein Cysts
(Left) Transverse
transabdominal US in a
woman in the 1st trimester
shows multiple enlarged
follicles . The ovary
measures 7 cm in diameter in
this patient with multiple
theca lutein cysts in the ovary.
(Right) Endovaginal US in the
same patient shows twin
gestations with 2 intrauterine
gestational sacs and fetal
poles. Multiple gestations may
elevate the β-human chorionic
gonadotropin and cause theca
lutein cysts in the ovary.
Differential Diagnoses: Female Pelvis
Tubo-ovarian Abscess
Malignant Masses
(Left) Longitudinal
endovaginal US shows an 11
cm complex adnexal mass
(calipers) with thick septations
st and multiple loculations in
a patient with a tubo-ovarian
abscess. The locules contain
echogenic fluid ſt. One month
earlier, a CT was normal.
(Right) Longitudinal
endovaginal color Doppler US
in a patient with metastatic
melanoma shows an enlarged
right ovary ſt secondary to a
solid vascular mass.
Massive Ovarian Edema (MOE) and Ovarian
Fibromatosis (OF)
Massive Ovarian Edema (MOE) and Ovarian
Fibromatosis (OF)
(Left) Longitudinal
transabdominal color Doppler
US shows a marked ovarian
enlargement with multiple
small, peripheral cysts .
Both arterial and venous flow
are seen within the enlarged
ovary. (Right) Transverse color
Doppler US shows massive
ovarian enlargement with an
edematous heterogenous
ovarian stroma and small
peripheral follicles . Note
the preserved blood flow
centrally .
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