EAPC Atlas of Palliative Care in Europe 2019

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POPULATION AND METHODS The cartography The cartography has been developed by Professor Juan José Pons (Department of History, History of Art and Geography of the University of Navarra). The digital coverage ´Admin 0 – Countries´ at medium scale (1:50,000,000) were obtained from Natural Earth (https://www. naturalearthdata.com), and others data range varietythemes from the ArcGIS Website (under a Creative Commons license). In both cases, information was updated in 2019. The software used for map construction is ArcMap (ESRI), version 10.5. The geographic coordinates system used was GCS ETRS 1989 and the Cartographic projection Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area. This choice is based on the criteria of making the most of the available space, so as to fully represent all countries correctly. There are a big range of scales and sizes in maps, from 1:5,000,000 to 1:100,000,000. The types of maps utilized for the thematic representation are: choropleths map (basically for “relative data”), symbols map (for absolute data or to highlight determined values presence/ absence) and bars and sectorial cartodiagrams. In terms of representation style, a constant colours “range” has been adopted and used throughout this publication: blue for choropleths and orange for symbols and cartodiagrams; this was done to enhance the homogeneity and coherence of the cartographic version as a whole. In terms of the socioeconomic and health information used in the country reports, the data has been collected mainly from “World Bank” databases” and the United Nations reports with the clear criteria of finding the most accurate, updated and reliable data for the maximum number of countries of the WHO European region. Limitations and Constraints Some limitations of this study include: 1. Being the first study to assess palliative care integration into other disciplines, levels of care and providers, demands identification and exploration of relevant, feasible and measurable indicators as well as experts on the respective fields for the first time. 2. To evaluate comparatively all the countries of the European continent, as for other global studies, this study uses experts in palliative care development as the main source of information. The use of experts as a source of information has intrinsic limitations. To ensure the quality of the information presented following this approach, the next measures were taken: a) establish reliable criteria for the selection process of experts, b) use of multiple informants per country, c) process of peer review of the information collected, d ) verification with sources of additional information and previous studies, e) pre-established protocol for the clarification of the information collected, f) dissemination of the names of the experts who collaborate (with prior consent and with few justified exceptions). 3. Differences in terminology across Europe, the nature of the estimations itself, and a limited research workforce are also limitations to acknowledge. B Abreviations PC: Palliative Care WHO: World Health Organisation EAPC: European Association for Palliative Care PPC: Paediatric Palliative Care ME: Morphine Equivalent MOH: Ministry of Health N/A: Not Applicable EAPC Atlas of Palliative Care in Europe 42
4. Development and integration of Palliative Care across Europe B
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Page 5 and 6: Abstract INTRODUCTION B Background
Page 7 and 8: 1. Presentation B
Page 9 and 10: PRESENTATION Note from the authors
Page 11 and 12: PRESENTATION Net of collaborators o
Page 13 and 14: PRESENTATION Net of collaborators o
Page 15 and 16: PRESENTATION The Atlas project grou
Page 17 and 18: 2. Aims and objectives B
Page 19 and 20: 3. Population and methods B
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Page 25 and 26: POPULATION AND METHODS Palliative C
Page 27 and 28: Note 1. Conditions non included in
Page 29 and 30: METHODS OF THE PROJECT B Step 1: Sy
Page 31 and 32: METHODS OF THE PROJECT B Step 3: EA
Page 33: METHODS OF THE PROJECT B Step 5: Ha
Page 37 and 38: EUROPEAN CONTEXT Chapter 1. Special
Page 43 and 44: EUROPEAN CONTEXT Chapter 2. Integra
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Page 57 and 58: EUROPEAN CONTEXT Chapter 5. Use of
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Page 69 and 70: EUROPEAN CONTEXT Chapter 8. Develop
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COUNTRY INFORMATION How to read the
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Gross Domestic Product per capita (
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / ARMENIA 9,937
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / BELARUS 5,728
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / BELGIUM 43,32
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / CROATIA 13,38
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / CZECH REPUBLI
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / DENMARK 56,30
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / FINLAND 45,70
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / FRANCE 38,477
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / GEORGIA 4,057
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / GERMANY 44,47
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / GREECE 18,613
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / HUNGARY 14,22
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / IRELAND 69,33
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / KYRGYZTAN 1,2
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / LATVIA 15,594
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15,594 Gross Domestic Product per c
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / LUXEMBOURG 10
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / NETHERLANDS 4
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / TURKEY 10,546
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / UKRAINE 2,640
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COUNTRY INFORMATION / UZBEKISTAN 1,
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