: <strong>ARISTOTLE</strong>'S WRITINGS tracts is also named, 1 but probably few of them were genuine. Of the sociological writings only one—the has been submitted to the afterwork of another pen, and has perhaps, in consequence of a mutilation, been supplied from the Eudemian Ethics. 1 Such are (besides the Dialogues mentioned on p. 56, n. 1, 59 sq., n. ZiKaioaivt)s, 'EpuTiicbs, IT. ir\ouTou, n. evyevelas and IT. TlSovfis), the following : the small composition, still extant, n. aperSsv Kal kukiHv (Arist. Opp. 1249-1251), which is the work of a half-Academic, half-Peripatetic Eclectic, hardly earlier than the first century before Christ ; Upo. Ttiireis ir. apETijs (D. 34, AN. 342) ; n. apeTTJs (An. App. 163); n. Si/caiW j8' (D. 76, AN. 64—Pt. 11, 4 B.) ; n. toS /SeAiwos a' (D. 53, An. 50) ; n. eKovffiov (-iuy) a' (D. 68, An. 58) ; n*. tov aiperov Kal rov
<strong>ARISTOTLE</strong>'S WRITINGS 101 except a few fragments. 1 Among them the loss of 1 Thepolitioal writings named, besides those quoted, are the following: (1) UoXn-eicu, a collection of facts with regard to 158 states (D. 145, An. 135, the text of which Beenays, S,h. Mus. vii. 289, with the approval of Rose, Ar. Ps. 394, has evidently improved), which, according to the fragments and the statements of Cic. Fin. v. 4, 11, and Piatt. JV. P. Su. V. 10, 4 (who names the work Kriireis Kal Tro\neiai) not only treated of the constitution, but also of the usages, customs, situation of the towns, the history of their foundation, their local traditions, &c. Pt. 81 gives the number of cities as 171 (or 191, according to the view of Hbbbblot, Bibl. Or. 971, a) : Ammon. V. Ar. 48 gives 255 Amman. Lot. p. 56, Ps.-Porphyr. Sohol. in Ar. 9, b, 26, and David, ibid. 24, a, 34, say 250, and Philop. ibid. 35, b, 19, about 250, but the increase does not seem to be founded on any later extension of the collection, but merely on clerical mistakes (cf Rose, Ar. Ps. 394). Simpl. ( Categ. 2,7. Sohol. 27, a, 43) seems <strong>by</strong> the words iv Tat? yvritrlais avrov iroAireicus to point to the existence of spurious Polities ; pvy! (158) instead of yvr\aicus may be the true reading (Heitz, Ar. Fr. 219), though Ideleb, Ar. Meteor, i., ;. : xii. 40 can hardly be right in substituting £irioTO\cusfor iroAireiois). The numerous fragments of the large collection are found in MOller, Fragm. Hist. ii. 102 sqq. (cf . Bouenot, in Philolog. iv. 266 sqq.) ; Rose, Ar. Ps. 402 sqq. Ar. Fr. 343-560, p. 1535 sqq.; Fr. Hz. 218 sqq. The genuineness of the work, which Rose (Ar. Libr. Ord. 56 sq , Ar. Ps. 395 sq.) disputes, has no weighty arguments against it (as Heitz, p. 246 sqq. shows) ; and even if the external evidence, of which that of TiMiEUS (apud Polyb. xii. 5, 11) is the oldest producible, did not utterly exclude Rose's supposition that the work was published and circulated in his name soon after Aristotle's death, nevertheless the internal improbability of that theory would be much strengthened <strong>by</strong> it. The declarations of David, ibid., and the Schol. to Porphyry's Itagoge (md. Rose, Ar. Ps. 399, Ar. Fr. 1535) favour the supposition that the different states in the Polities are taken in alphabetical order; and this explains why the Athenians (according to Fr. 378, where, however, the reading is uncertain) are treated in the 1st book, and. the Ithacans in the 42nd (7'V. 466). The circumstance that the numerous fragments all contain merely isolated notes, without reference to a uniform complete treatise, will not (as Rose, Ar. Ps. 395 holds) serve as a proof of the spuriousness of the work; but, in conjunction with the fact that the Aristotelian writings nowhere refer to the work in question (for even Eth. N. x. 10, 1181,b, 17, refers to the Politics ; cf. Heitz, 231 sq.), it supports the view (Heitz, 233 sq.) that the Polities was not a literary completed whole, but a collection <strong>by</strong> Aristotle, for his own use, of facts which he had gathered partly <strong>by</strong> personal observation and inquiries, and partly from 102 <strong>ARISTOTLE</strong> Aristotle's collection of forms of government in various cities, is simply irreparable. 1 Our Poetics 2 is only a fragment ; but not even so writings. If this be so, copies would only be circulated after his death. A chapter out of the IIoAiTcfo 'ABrivaiaivmay have given rise to the title n. tav ~S,i\avos h\6vav (An. App. 140 : cf . MtJLleb, ibid., 109, 12).—A similar collection was (2) the Niijiti/no j8apj8aputeb, which are quoted under this title <strong>by</strong> Appollon. Mirabil. 11 ; Vabeo, i. 1, vii. 70 ; An. App. 186 (vofitfaaiv Qapfl. avvaywy'if); from this title also the designations No>oi a' j8' y' 8' (D. 140), vo/ilfuev 5' (An. 131), seem to have been wrongly transcribed. To them the vd/u/m "Prnpalar (An. App. 185) and the rd/iiyua Tupp7j»'«i' (Athen. i. 23, d) probably belonged. Among the few fragments (apnd Muller, ibid. 178 sqq., Rose, Ar. Ps. 537 sqq., Ar. Fr. 561-568, p. 1570, Fr. Hz. 297 sq.), Nos. 562, 563 and 564 can onlybe attributed to Aristotle under the supposition that he did not give their contents in his own name, but as traditions somewhere current. — (3) The AiKaitfyioTa tav tt6\cuv (Ammon. Biffer. Voeab., Nfjes) or Aik. 'SWrivlSmv ir6\eav (V. Marc. p. 2, R) seem to have dealt with quarrels between the Hellenic states and their settlement ; they are also named more briefly Aikoi^bto (D. 129, An. 120, Harpocbat. Apvfios).—(4) The06
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