The Bamboo and Rattan Sectors in Asia: an Analysis of ... - INBAR

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developing commodity production for industrial raw material inputs, as well as for high value addition in processing. The recommendations made by these studies were wide-ranging and included: ● Research and technology transfer to tackle particular technical problems; ● Efforts to overcome resource constraints, either through institutional mechanisms (for example, land tenure or credit market development) or through improving delivery systems (for example, nursery development); ● Improved incentives for particular courses of action through policy reforms; and ● Targeted rural development projects. This report synthesizes key data and major findings from the database and PCS studies. It also provides an overall assessment of the bamboo and rattan sectors, using these studies as the basis to identify high-potential investment opportunities, research needs, policy options and project development possibilities. 3
2 DATABASE STUDIES One of the first activities supported by INBAR was a review of the socioeconomics bamboo and rattan in Southeast Asia (Duraiappah 1993), which examined the published literature and identified strengths and weaknesses in the current understanding. The review showed that first steps had been made in many places, identifying some of the main qualitative relationships in the economics, politics, sociology and ecology of the bamboo and rattan sectors in the region. However, it also noted that there were major gaps, especially in quantitative information: "Our preliminary findings suggest that there are not existing comprehensive databases in any of the research institutions in the region... In fact, it is the dispersed nature of the data that seems to be the main deterrent rather than the non-existence of data. We, therefore, feel strongly that the establishment of a formal database is a prerequisite for any further research in the sector." The INBAR Socio-economics Working Group (SEWG) responded by recommending a series of small studies to collate existing information, to assess its quality and reliability, and to synthesize and analyse it. It was felt that these studies would be useful at the national level, providing for the first time a national database on the bamboo and rattan sectors, and that they would serve as the starting point for a regional database on the topic. As a beginning, studies were carried out in China, India, Indonesia, Nepal and the Philippines. Together, these studies demonstrate the very high economic value of both commodities in the Asian region. India Bamboo Database by the Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE) shows that there are 10 million ha of bamboo, accounting for about 12.8% of the total forest cover in the country. The same report gives bamboo production figures for some of the more important bamboo producing states. For example, in 1993, Orissa produced 290 000 tons and Madhya Pradesh 211 000 tons. In 1994, Andhra Pradesh produced 174 000 tons (and these figures account for only the production on state lands.) Bamboo and rattan socio-economic database for the Peoples Republic of China, prepared by Zhong et al. documents the growth in the total bamboo plantation area from 3.04 million ha in 1973 to 3.9 million ha in 1993. The standing stock increased from 67.54 million tons to 97.04 million tons in the same period, showing an enormous increase in productivity. From 1980 to 1993, harvests of bamboo shoots of the most important species have at least doubled, and in some cases increased up to 8.5 fold. Exports have grown from US$111 million in 1981 to over US$318 million in 1993. In 1992, there were around 30 000 bamboo and rattan-based enterprises employing 750 000 people, of which about 60% were women. Importantly, the study notes that, unlike the modern forestry sector, wide participation by rural people characterize the 4
Page 1 and 2: The Bamboo and Rattan Sectors in As
Page 3 and 4: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This assessment wo
Page 5 and 6: FOREWORD A review of the bamboo and
Page 7: that would be useful and applicable
Page 11 and 12: The study in Indonesia produced two
Page 13 and 14: and opportunities throughout the sy
Page 15 and 16: information sharing, to consolidate
Page 17 and 18: amboo products. There are tradition
Page 19 and 20: egular clients and relatives. Brahm
Page 21 and 22: utilization plan. Forest Department
Page 23 and 24: and storage containers are sometime
Page 25 and 26: There also appears to be scope to r
Page 27 and 28: and many districts in other parts o
Page 29 and 30: Constraints and opportunities This
Page 31 and 32: The PCS The main market participant
Page 33 and 34: A large amount of bamboo also 'leak
Page 35 and 36: entrepreneur as the key agent and p
Page 37 and 38: Many of the small bamboo stands are
Page 39 and 40: Plantation development The authors
Page 41 and 42: households to be managed as family
Page 43 and 44: Products such as several kinds of m
Page 45 and 46: Currently, rattan produced in Laos
Page 47 and 48: The villagers go to the forest for
Page 49 and 50: Constraints and opportunities There
Page 51 and 52: ● Provincial traders ● Semi-pro
Page 53 and 54: For example, rattan cutting permits
Page 55 and 56: Recommendations include: 1. Develop
Page 57 and 58: .......... ➤ Consumer Marketing M
Page 59 and 60:
Laborers in the semi-processing fac
Page 61 and 62:
and reduced transaction costs downs
Page 63 and 64:
Rattan farmers grow rattan as one o
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Rattan is sold by weight in Indones
Page 67 and 68:
Rattan in Java, Indonesia: a Case S
Page 69 and 70:
1. Scarcity of daily workers; 2. Li
Page 71 and 72:
aw material, trading of raw materia
Page 73 and 74:
4 DISCUSSION The studies, carried o
Page 75 and 76:
that they might be able to get for
Page 77 and 78:
trend is the increasing use of subs
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to do replacement planting, and the
Page 81 and 82:
Technical Issues While the SE progr
Page 83 and 84:
● The issue of property rights al
Page 85 and 86:
technology development and farmer-m
Page 87 and 88:
Policy Constraints Studies have ide
Page 89:
BIBLIOGRAPHY Anonymous. 1996. Value
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