The Bamboo and Rattan Sectors in Asia: an Analysis of ... - INBAR

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The PCS .......... ➤ The main market participants in the Kalimantan rattan gardens' PCS are: ● Rattan farmers ● Village traders ● Regional traders ● Manufacturers of lampit and a variety of other rattan-based products ● Laborers ● Sub-contractors ● Manufacturer/Exporter Association (ASMINDO) Consumer Marketing Manufacturing Semi-Processing Wholesale Regional Trader Local Trader Post Harvest Treatment Raw Material Production Low Capital Intensity ➤ High ➤ ...... Indicates Tranformation in Ownership ➤ ................................................................ ➤ ........................................................... Indicates Transformation Point Indicates Vertical Integration Fig. 10: PCS in Kalimantan rattan gardens 57 ➤ ........➤
Rattan farmers grow rattan as one of the several crops; rice is by far the most important food crop, along with bananas, vegetables, root crops and rubber. Farmers plant rattan seeds along with rice in a newly cleared swidden field, or after the rice is established. Practices vary even within a community. The rattan seedlings are protected during the 1-2 years that the field is used for rice cultivation (after that the field is left fallow). The rattans used are multi-stemmed, small-diameter varieties that lend themselves to multiple harvests. This is a good strategy as the establishment time for rattan is fairly long, but once the rootstock is established stems can be harvested regularly (typically every 2-4 years). Rattan provides more than 75% of some farmers' cash income. Farmers typically wait for an order from a trader, and an adequate price, before harvesting. There are two levels of traders. A few of the rattan farmers in towns and villages in the rattan-producing areas do some trading. They accept orders from regional traders and purchase rattan from other farmers in their area to supply the order. These village traders may have some rudimentary storage facilities. In some cases they deliver the rattan to the regional traders (or, rarely, to a manufacturer) or the regional trader may pick it up from them. The village traders may do some sorting. The regional traders tend to have long-term relationship with one or a few buyers. They also maintain relationships with a number of local rattan traders whom they can contact to arrange for cutting and collection of rattan on order. These traders normally provide the transportation, arranging for collection from the local traders. They also frequently provide advance money for the orders placed, arrange the necessary transport permits, and pay the official and unofficial charges required for transporting the material. Traders have to pay a Forest Product Royalty (IHH), irrespective of the source ---- whether forest or plantation ---- of the rattan they procure. It is likely that the burden of this payment is passed on to the farmers in the form of low prices for their rattan produce. Most of the rattan from the gardens in Kalimantan is used to make lampit. The main market, for over 90% of the production, is Japan where it is sold as tatami, the traditional floor covering. In addition to the lampit a number of other rattan-based products are manufactured in the area. Most are woven products, including various types of mats and webbing (from peel). Lampit is the most important product. In 1993, there were 53 lampit enterprises in South Kalimantan employing over 12 000 people. Lampit manufacturers are concentrated in two cities in South Kalimantan ---- Amuntai and Banjar Baru. They range in size from small family-based enterprises, through and several with 40-70 workers, up to one with 145 workers. Some do all processing and manufacturing in-house, while others perform parts of the processing procedure on a sub-contract basis. The sub-contracting is often undertaken by families, in their homes. The market functions in a very top-down way ---- the manufacturers typically place orders for raw material through regional traders, who in turn place orders with village traders, who organize local farmers to supply it. The price seems to be 58
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The Bamboo and Rattan Sectors in As
Page 3 and 4:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This assessment wo
Page 5 and 6:
FOREWORD A review of the bamboo and
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that would be useful and applicable
Page 9 and 10:
2 DATABASE STUDIES One of the first
Page 11 and 12: The study in Indonesia produced two
Page 13 and 14: and opportunities throughout the sy
Page 15 and 16: information sharing, to consolidate
Page 17 and 18: amboo products. There are tradition
Page 19 and 20: egular clients and relatives. Brahm
Page 21 and 22: utilization plan. Forest Department
Page 23 and 24: and storage containers are sometime
Page 25 and 26: There also appears to be scope to r
Page 27 and 28: and many districts in other parts o
Page 29 and 30: Constraints and opportunities This
Page 31 and 32: The PCS The main market participant
Page 33 and 34: A large amount of bamboo also 'leak
Page 35 and 36: entrepreneur as the key agent and p
Page 37 and 38: Many of the small bamboo stands are
Page 39 and 40: Plantation development The authors
Page 41 and 42: households to be managed as family
Page 43 and 44: Products such as several kinds of m
Page 45 and 46: Currently, rattan produced in Laos
Page 47 and 48: The villagers go to the forest for
Page 49 and 50: Constraints and opportunities There
Page 51 and 52: ● Provincial traders ● Semi-pro
Page 53 and 54: For example, rattan cutting permits
Page 55 and 56: Recommendations include: 1. Develop
Page 57 and 58: .......... ➤ Consumer Marketing M
Page 59 and 60: Laborers in the semi-processing fac
Page 61: and reduced transaction costs downs
Page 65 and 66: Rattan is sold by weight in Indones
Page 67 and 68: Rattan in Java, Indonesia: a Case S
Page 69 and 70: 1. Scarcity of daily workers; 2. Li
Page 71 and 72: aw material, trading of raw materia
Page 73 and 74: 4 DISCUSSION The studies, carried o
Page 75 and 76: that they might be able to get for
Page 77 and 78: trend is the increasing use of subs
Page 79 and 80: to do replacement planting, and the
Page 81 and 82: Technical Issues While the SE progr
Page 83 and 84: ● The issue of property rights al
Page 85 and 86: technology development and farmer-m
Page 87 and 88: Policy Constraints Studies have ide
Page 89: BIBLIOGRAPHY Anonymous. 1996. Value
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The Bamboo and Rattan Sectors in Asia: an Analysis of ... - INBAR

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