The Bamboo and Rattan Sectors in Asia: an Analysis of ... - INBAR

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enforceable boundaries and rattan is harvested wherever it is accessible. No information is available on rattan species distribution, density or productivity in the FMUs. The main commercial species in the area are Tohiti (Calamus inops) and Lambang (Calamus ornatus var. celebica), which are small-diameter rattan, and Batang (Daemonorops sp.) which is a large-diameter species. Batang rattan is considered the most economically valuable, reflecting the high demand for large-diameter cane in the furniture industry. The market demand is high, though the official figures show a declining trend. The volume of trade in Central Sulawesi reached a peak of 57 154 tons in 1987/88, declined to a low of 17 299 tons in 1992/92 and has recovered to between 30 000 and 40 000 tons in the past three years. According to local forestry officers, there is also a large undocumented and illegal trade in the area. They estimate that around 6 000 tons is traded annually to Tawau, Malaysia (where there are rattan processing and exporting industries). A large volume, perhaps another 6 000 tons, is traded on the domestic black market. The Forest Department gives a low priority to rattan resources management. It is generally assumed that rattan is self-renewing and so requires little input. For example, there is a royalty charged on rattan, intended for local forest rehabilitation. Only 35% of the royalty collected is spent on rattan, while 45% goes for local development and 20% goes to the national government. The PCS The main market participants are: ● Rattan gatherers ● Traders (mainly Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD), or Village Cooperative Units). ● Semi-processors ● Labor in the semi-processing factories ● Finished product manufacturers (located mainly in Java) Rattan is collected from the forest by local people who are engaged by rattan licence holders, mostly KUDs, and some processing companies. The collectors sell the raw material, virtually unprocessed, to KUD or other traders at the prevailing price. These traders then sell the rattan to semi-processors who produce washed and sulphured (W&S), rattan and a variety of semi-processed products. These products are then sold to furniture and handicraft manufacturers, mainly located in Java. 51
.......... ➤ Consumer Marketing Manufacturing Semi-Processing Wholesale Regional Trader Local Trader Post Harvest Treatment Raw Material Production Low Capital Intensity ➤ High ➤ Indicates Tranformation in Ownership ..................................................................... Indicates Transformation Point Indicates Vertical Integration Fig. 9: Rattan PCS in Sulawesi, Indonesia Rattan gatherers in the study area are mostly men who live in the vicinity of the forest. They undertake rattan collecting when they receive an order for it from a trader/licence holder. The rattan collectors tend to specialize in this activity. Income from rattan collecting contributes 78-88% of the total annual incomes, which range from Rp 912 600 up to Rp 2 753 564 ($393-1 187) per family per year (US$1 = Rp 2 363). Although most of the harvested rattan is sold to licence holders, there is some illegal trading directly to semi-processors and other buyers. The local and central governments use a licence mechanism, introduced in 1989, as an instrument to regulate rattan management in the region. A cutting licence can be granted to an individual, with a quota of about 100 tons, or to a corporation or cooperative, with a limit of 600 tons. However, in order to apply for the licence, the 52 ➤ ....... ➤ ➤ .......
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The Bamboo and Rattan Sectors in As
Page 3 and 4:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This assessment wo
Page 5 and 6: FOREWORD A review of the bamboo and
Page 7 and 8: that would be useful and applicable
Page 9 and 10: 2 DATABASE STUDIES One of the first
Page 11 and 12: The study in Indonesia produced two
Page 13 and 14: and opportunities throughout the sy
Page 15 and 16: information sharing, to consolidate
Page 17 and 18: amboo products. There are tradition
Page 19 and 20: egular clients and relatives. Brahm
Page 21 and 22: utilization plan. Forest Department
Page 23 and 24: and storage containers are sometime
Page 25 and 26: There also appears to be scope to r
Page 27 and 28: and many districts in other parts o
Page 29 and 30: Constraints and opportunities This
Page 31 and 32: The PCS The main market participant
Page 33 and 34: A large amount of bamboo also 'leak
Page 35 and 36: entrepreneur as the key agent and p
Page 37 and 38: Many of the small bamboo stands are
Page 39 and 40: Plantation development The authors
Page 41 and 42: households to be managed as family
Page 43 and 44: Products such as several kinds of m
Page 45 and 46: Currently, rattan produced in Laos
Page 47 and 48: The villagers go to the forest for
Page 49 and 50: Constraints and opportunities There
Page 51 and 52: ● Provincial traders ● Semi-pro
Page 53 and 54: For example, rattan cutting permits
Page 55: Recommendations include: 1. Develop
Page 59 and 60: Laborers in the semi-processing fac
Page 61 and 62: and reduced transaction costs downs
Page 63 and 64: Rattan farmers grow rattan as one o
Page 65 and 66: Rattan is sold by weight in Indones
Page 67 and 68: Rattan in Java, Indonesia: a Case S
Page 69 and 70: 1. Scarcity of daily workers; 2. Li
Page 71 and 72: aw material, trading of raw materia
Page 73 and 74: 4 DISCUSSION The studies, carried o
Page 75 and 76: that they might be able to get for
Page 77 and 78: trend is the increasing use of subs
Page 79 and 80: to do replacement planting, and the
Page 81 and 82: Technical Issues While the SE progr
Page 83 and 84: ● The issue of property rights al
Page 85 and 86: technology development and farmer-m
Page 87 and 88: Policy Constraints Studies have ide
Page 89: BIBLIOGRAPHY Anonymous. 1996. Value
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The Bamboo and Rattan Sectors in Asia: an Analysis of ... - INBAR

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