तमू संसार त्रैमासिक- अंक–६८

q}dfl;s
td" ;d"bfodf ;dlk{t
sf=lh=b=g+= ^^÷)%&÷%*
lgikIf, :jtGq / hfgsf/Ld"ns
TAMU SANSAR
Quarterly
jif{–!* c°–^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% Nov 2018-Jan 2019
o;leq
nf]saxfb'/ u'?ª :d[lt k|lti7fgåf/f k|sflzt
td" ;+;f/ q}dfl;s
;+/Ifs M ;Ltf u'?ª÷j]baxfb'/ u'?ª ‘Zofd’
k|d'v ;Nnfxsf/ M /Tgdfg u'?ª
;Nnfxsf/
Ps]Gb| u'?ª, -o'=s]=_, h'dsfhL u'?ª -o's]_
lbnLkl;+x u'?ª -xªsª_
lan u'?ª -stf/_, cf]d 3n] -;fpbL c/a_
sfg'gL ;Nnfxsf/ M jl/i7 clwjQmf s[i0faxfb'/ u'?ª
;Dkfbs M /f]zgL u'?ª
efiff ;Dkfbs M uf}/L u'?ª
ahf/ Joj:yfks M lbKtL u'?ª
Joj:yfks M /d]z u'?ª÷lj=lj=u'?ª÷o'j/fh u'?ª
clkml;on kmf]6f]u|fkm/ M lht u'?ª -sf6'{lgi6÷kmf]6f]u|fkm/_, kf]v/f
clkml;on kmf]6f]u|fkm/ M ldng td" -l;lgo/ kmf]6f]u|fkm/_, o's]
ljz]if ;xof]uL
u~h' u'?ª÷/~hg u'?ª÷cf]dk|sfz u'?ª÷lbNnLh+u u'?ª÷lzj
u'?ª÷h;' u'?ª
k|ltlglw -d'n's leq_ M– sf:sL–s0f{s'df/L u'?ª
-tfªltª_sf7df8f}+F– u'dfgl;ª u'?ª ;kgf u'?ª÷gjnk/f;L–
a'l4axfb'/ u'?ª, g/axfb'/ u'?ª, 7fs'/h+u u'?ª÷tgx'F
–nId0f u'?ª÷nDh'ª– z'snfn ysfnL, tf/f/fh 3n], t'n
u'?ª÷lrtjg– ;'gufef a's xfp; afns'df/L sn]h /f]8
gf/fo0fu9÷:ofª\hf– uf}td :6]zg/L jflnª, :ofª\hf k':ts
ejg :ofªhf÷tfKn]h'ª– dg¿kf u'?ª÷afFs]– lbks u'?ª
k|ltlglw -d'n's aflx/_ M– cd]l/sf– s'nk|;fb u'?ª,
ldng u'?ª, hfkfg–>LeQm u'?ª÷b'aO{– cf]d u'?ª,
ofd u'?ª, d'lQm u'?ª÷ax/fOg–bLks u'?ª÷xªsª–
hLtdfg÷dn]lzof–anaxfb'/ u'?ª÷;fpbL c/a– d}tf/fd
u'?ª -bdfd_, eLd u'?ª -l/ofb_, wg u'?ª -h]4f_÷s'a]t–led
u'?ª, g/]z u'?ª÷stf/– t]h u'?ª÷v'zLdfg u'?ª, -td"
;dfh stf/_÷dsfp–k"0f{ u'?ª, /fd]Gb| u'?ª÷o'=s]=–l/df
u'?ª÷lbNnL–v'd u'?ª÷ci6«]lnof– k|]dsfhL u'?ª, lnn
u'?ª÷l;ªfk'/– nIdL u'?ª
sKo'6/ M dLgf yfkf du/ -(*$^)%!#$*_
d'b|0f M z'/eL ckm\;]6 k|];, kf]v/f
7]ufgf M td" ;+;f/ q}dfl;s, kf]=aS; g+= M@*#, kf]v/f, sf:sL
kmf]g g+=M (*$^^#&@*$, (*$^!$(%#%
Email : tamusansar.339@gmail.com/tamurosni.43@gmail.com
af}4 Hof]ltif cg';f/ o; jif{ ==== lz/ nd td" $
u'?ª rnlrq Ps]Gb| u'?ª &
;f}Gbo{, snf / ;flxTo s]o/l;+ª u'?ª (
ef/tdf v]df lnlk / u'¿ª efiff k|lbk u'?ª !!
;fdflhs sfddf lg/Gt/ a9\b} b'uf{=== ldgf yfkfdu/ !$
td" hfltsf] pTklQ tyf ljsf;== u'dfgl;+x u'?ª !^
;|:6f uf}/L td" / pxF“sf] ;d}+ b{afgL s]o/l;+ª u'?ª !(
ndh'ªdf d[t cfTdfnfO{ :ju{ tfg{=== cfz u'?ª @!
sljtf
@#
;dfrf/ ultljlw
@%
cfj/0f kmf]6f] M 1fd u'?ª -lgjt{dfg cWoIf, td" wL+ o'=s]=_
kmf]6f] ;f}hGo M ldng td" -jl/i7 kmf]6f]u|fkm/, o'=s]=_
td" ;+;f/ oxf“ kfOG5
sf7df8f}+ M l/r8{ a'S; P08 :6]zg/L, rqmky, ef6e6]gL, )!–$)!^#!*
/fwfs[i0f :6]zg/L, rqmky, )!–$#&@@(%, (*$&)@(@(^,
bGtsfnL k':ts k;n, u+ua' a;kfs{ )!–@)*$@&$, xf]6n
gljg wf}nflu/L, df5fkf]v/L afnfh' )!–$#^$%$#
nDh'ª M ljwfyL{ k':ts k;n, a];Lzx/ )^^–%@))@), em/gf k':ts
k;n, d:of{ª\bL :6]zg/L, gd:t] :6]zg/L, a]zL;x/, Go"
d':tfª xf]6n, ;]/f, a]zL;x/ )^^–%@))%#,
lrtjg M ;'gufef a's xfp;, afns'df/L sn]h /f]8 gf/fo0fu9
)%^–%#!$&)
:ofª\hf M uf}td :6]zg/L jflnª, :ofªhf k':ts ejg :ofªhf
kf]v/f M uf]v/fkq afh], dx]Gb|k'n, z'esfdgf :6]zg/L, cd/l;+x rf]s,
clwsf/L k':ts k;n, eb|sfnLrf]s, dfem7fgf k':ts k;n
dx]Gb|k'n
a'6an M lrGtg k':ts k;n, ldngrf]s, kmf]g M )&!–%$%*$), sflnsf
k':ts k;n, dwjnLof, /f]zg k':ts k;n, ?b|k'/–^ u/u/]
tgx“" M k|tfk a'S; xfp;, bdf}nL, )^%–%^)(#@, yk|]s k':ts k;n, yk|]s,
(*%^)@#($#, /fwf :6]zg/L, b'n]uf}8f )^%–%&)#*$, s];L :6]zg/L,
v}/]gL6f/ )^%–%&)!#^, xfd|f] k':ts k;n, bdf}nL, gljgf ;ljgf
:6]zg/L, v}/]gL6f/, )^%–%&)!&&, Go" lzv/ :6]zg/L, b'n]uf}+8f
kmf]g–)^%–%&)!!^
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
td" ;+;f/
1

dt cledt
td" s'O{
kmi6fPsf] Nxf];f/÷Nxf]5f/
xfdL td" hfltn] gofF jif{sf] ?kdf k/Dk/fb]lv dfGb} cfPsf]
Nxf];f/÷Nxf]5f/ cfhef]ln Jofks ?kdf kmi6fPsf] b]lvG5 . klxn]
klxn] ufpF3/df o'jf o'jtLx? 3/3/df dfgf rfdn, g'g t]n v';f{gL,
df;sf] bfn, /S;L bfp/f cflb p7fP/ ufpFsf] /f]wL+ 3/df ce}m egf}
slx st} af/Lsf] kf6f]df ;fd"lxs ?kdf ksfP/ vfg] rng lyof]
h;nfO{ td" efiffdf :of]s} raf elgG5 . o;/L vfPkl5 gfr ufg
ug]{ / /dfOnf] u/]/ Ps csf{df ;'v b'Mv ;f6\g] ul/GYof] . Tolta]nf
td"x?sf] a;f]af; ufpF3/df dfq} l;ldt lyof] . s]lx dflg; ;x/
ahf/ em/] klg pgLx?n] ;x/ ahf/df o;/L Nxf];f/÷Nxf]5f/
dgfpFb}gy] . ljb]zdf klg td"x?sf] s'g} ;+3 ;+:yf lyPg . To;}n]
ufpF3/df dfq} td"x?sf] a;f]af; / /xg ;xg l;ldt lyof] . ;do
kl/jt{glzn 5 . To;}n] t klxn] / clxn]sf] Nxf];f/÷Nxf]5f/
dgfpg] tf}/ tl/sfb]lv ;a} s'/fdf w]/} kl/jt{g ePsf] 5 . lxhf] h'g
k':tfn] af/Lsf] kf6f] jf /f]wL+ 3/df :of]+s} vfGy] cfh Tof] k':tf
slt a'9fkfsf eO;s] t slt of] ;+;f/af6} labf eO;s] . clxn]
h'g k':tf Nxf];f/÷Nxf]5f/sf] sfo{qmddf /dfO/x]sf] 5 of] k':tfn]
/f]wL 3/sf] cfFugb]lv Sxf]O{af] wL+, u'Daf, ;dfh 3/, kf6L{ Kofn];
xf]6n / /]i6'/]06sf] 8fG;af/x?;Dd gfr]/, /dfP/ Nxf];f/÷Nxf]5f/
dgfO/x]sf 5g\ . olt dfq} xf]Og g]kfnel/ / g]kfn aflx/ rf/}lt/
k}mlnP/ a;]sf td"x?n] td"sf gfddf ljleGg ;+3÷;+:yf vf]n]/
;Ktfx JofkL?kdf jf egf} dlxgflbg cl3b]lv g} of] kj{ dgfO/x]sf
5g\ . o;/L cf–cfkmgf] 7fpFaf6 Nxf];f/÷Nxf]5f/ kj{ dgfO/xFbf
o;n] of] kj{sf] k|rf/k|;f/ / Jofkstfdf lgs} 7"nf] km6\sf] df/]sf]
5 . cfhef]ln td"n] dfq} geP/ u}/ td"x?n] klg Nxf];f/ dfGg ;'?
ul/;s]sf 5g\ . Nxf];f/ gdfGg] hfltn] klg of] kj{ td"x?sf] kj{
xf] eg]/ a'em]sf 5g\ . o;nfO{ xfdLn] ;s/fTds ?kdf lng' k5{
Tof] ;Fu;Fu} a9\b} uPsf] ljs[lt / 5f]8b} uPsf] ;+:s[ltsf] af/]df
klg xfdLn] lrGtg dgg ug{ h?/L 5 . cGtdf ;Dk"0f{ b]z ljb]zdf
/xg'ePsf td" nufot ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL bfh'efO lbbLalxgLx?df td"
kmf] -d[u_ Nxf];f/÷Nxf]5f/ cflzdfnf .
? s'df/ u'?ª
vl/s'gf, kf]v/f–!^
ld|:of]M– l;/af/L /f l;?
Dxb{M– ªf]N:of] n gf;f ªf] ;]O{ wL+ ;]n
cfvfªO{ s}+ ? ªx] ls So'?
Dxb{M– a; s|]O/f ª km] vO{ bf]lanf
bf]lanf / lKn x|fdf vf]lanf
l;/af/L / l;?
ªf]N:of] n======
ld|:of]M– r' ;}+ Gxf]/L tf] tf] td d}+ /LO{d'
sf};L / l6O{/f Sof]+P Wofg\ ªxof]l/O{d'
l;/af/L / l;?
ªf]nf] hL gf+;d ;]gf wLF ;]nf
cfvfFgf
So'? xfªL s}+?
Dxb{M–gfF;f Gxf]/L nfs'/L w'+ d'gf
k]/]–k]/] g]d]F s'O{ lk|lbgf
l;/af/L / l;? ªf]N:of] n=========
ld|:of]M– k]/f] k]/f] vf] ªf]nf] r w'+O{n]
?dfn nfO{ / ªxof]l/Od' ª em'O{n]
l;/af/L / l;? ªf]nf]hL=========
Dxb{M– rf}tf/L wf}O{ km] vNvfO{ So" w?
Gf/nvfO{ ª ls+ a/ vf] Sof]+ a?
l;/af/L / l;? ªf]N:of]
n==================
ld|:of]M– So' w?n] Gxf]/a] wL+ ª n uf
d|f]O ls cfd|f] 6 l5O{ / of] nf af
l;/af/L / l;?
ªf]nf] hL gf;fd ;]gf wL+ ;]n cfvf+gf
So'? xfªL s}?
2 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

;DkfbsnfO{ lr7\7L
xflb{s z'esfdgf
td" -u'?ª_ x?sf] dxfg kj{
kmf] Nxf];f/÷Nxf]5f/ -d[u ju{_ sf] kfjg
cj;/df b]z tyf ljbz]df /xg'x'g] ;Dk"0f{
g]kfnL bfh'efO tyf lbbLalxgLx?df ;'v,
zflGt, ;d[l4 Pj+ pQ/f]Q/ k|ultsf]
xflb{s d+undo z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .
td" ;+;f/ q}dfl;s klqsF kl/jf/
td" ;+;f/ q}dfl;s
klqsfsf] x/]s c+s
vf]hL vf]hL k9f}+ .
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
td" ;+;f/
3

Nxf] kmn
af}4 Hof]ltif cg';f/ o; jif{ df6f] tTj :qL
d[u/ ;'u'/ -kmf]÷kmfu\ Nxf]_ jif{sf] ju{kmn M–
!_ o; jif{ d[u÷ ;'Fu'/ ju{ -kmf]Nxf]_ x?sf] ju{ rNg] ePsf]
x'Fbf kmf] Nxf] d[u ju{x?nfO{ Nxf] sfu\ cyf{t ;a} eGbf afws
ju{ dflgG5 . To;}n] of] jif{ d[u ju{ kmf] Nxf]x?n] gofF 3/
agfpg x'Fb}g . ljjfx ug'{ x'Fb}g . hUuf hldg lsgj]r ug'{
x'Fb}g . dxËf] u/ u/uxgf lsGg kmfKb}g . u|x zflGtsf] nflu
cfo'sf] kf7k"hf -5]v'u\_ u/L hLjg bfg -5]y/_ ug'{ /fd|f]
x'G5 . t;y{ df5f, k/]jf cflb 5f]8\g' xf]nf . ;s] Xo"FdktL
kf7 -a'd_ jfrg ug{] g;s] l~f7L of Uo]tf]Ëkf kf7 ug]{ /
Uofgfu\ sfu\bf]u cyf{t ju{ rn]sf] a]nf afwf lj3\g kG5fpg]
kf7 u/L Nxf]sfu\sf] hGt/ -a'§L_ nufpg' / n'ª\tf -Wjhf_
6fF;]/ u|x zflGt ug'{xf]nf .
@_ ;k{ ju{ -;k|LNxf]_ ju{x? nfO{ b'G;'/ cyjf ;f9] ;ftsf]
u|x nfUg] x'Fbf of] u|xn] zq', eo, 8fxf, Oiof{ OTolb pTkGg
u/fpF5 . em}+–emu8f ug]{ 7fpFdf ghfg', vfgkgdf hf]lug',
ljjfx gug'{ xf]nf . u|x zflGtsf] nflu bf]dfª\ kf7 jfrg ug'{
cyjf tf]u\;'Ë kf7 ug'{, UoN5]g r]df] kf7 ug'{ 8fNxf k"hf
ug'{ . hGt/ -a'6L_ nufpg' n'ª\tf -Wjhf_ 6fF;]/ u|xzflGt
ug'{xf]nf .
s]6f
jif{ ju{
s]6L
aif{ ju{
# r/f # r/f
!! ufO{ !! ufO{
!( ;k{ !( ;k{
@& r/f @& r/f
#% ufO{ #% ufO{
$# ;k{ $# ;k{
%! r/f %! r/f
%( ufO{ %( ufO{
^& ;k{ ^& ;k{
&% r/f &% r/f
*# ufO{ *# ufO{
(! ;k{ (! ;k{
(( r/f (( r/f
#_ la/fnf] ju{ / e]8f ju{ -Xo'O{Nxf]? v]Gkf] M lz/ nd
/ Nx'Nxf]_ nfO{ y'G;'d u|x ª Yo'O{;'F td" -y'At]g o]z]_
/ s' Yo'O{;'F kfFr / gf} sf] zlg u|x k|d'v nfdf
nfUg]5 . ;fyLsf] ;+utdf hf]lug' af}4 c3f}{+ ;bg
k};fsf] s'/fdf l56f] ljZjf; gug'{, kf]v/f !), /fd3f6
d[tssf] 5]pmdf / lj/fdLsf] 5]pmdf
ghfg' . u|xzflGtsf] nflu UokzL k"hf -Tx]F_ ug'{ 8fNxf k"hf
u/L n'ª\tf -Wjhf_ 6fF;]/ hGt/ -a'6L_ nufpg'xf]nf .
$_ aFfb/ ju{ / af3 ju{ -k|Nxf] / tf]Nxf]_ nfO{ lZo:o] u|x
nfUg] x'Fbf Jofkf/ ug{ kmfKb}g, ;x, ;ftf] sDhf]/ x'G5 . dxËf]
j:t'x? lsga]r ug{ kmfKb}g . u|x zflGtsf] nflu bf]dfª
kf7 jfrg ug]{, 8f]Nd k"hf, wd{kfn k"hf u/L s'a]/sf] k"hf
-ofªv'_ ug'{xf]nf / n'ª\tf 6fF;]/ hGt/ nufpg' xf]nf .
o; jif{ ;a}eGbf /fd|f] df0fL nIf0f af]s]]sf] ju{ ufO{ ju{ /
r/f ju{ -nf]+ Nxf] / Ro Nxf]_ x'Fbf h'g;'s} z'esfo{x? h:t}
M 3/ hu xfNg], gofF 3/df k|j]z, 5]j/ ubf{ skfn sf6\g],
v]tdf lap /fVg] OTofbL sfo{x? oL b'O{ ju{x?df s'g} Pssf]
xftaf6 u/fpFbf w]/} /fd|f] / z'e x'g]5 .
o; jif{sf] kfvf{kmn cg';f/ kmnfd, df6f], kfgL / cfuf];Fu alh{t ju{x? lgDg k|sf/ 5g\ .
!_ kmnfd;Fu alh{t ju{x? M–
4 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

Nxf] kmn
dfly pNn]lvt aif{ / ju{sf] s]6f / s]6Lx?sf] o; jif{ kfv{ -bRofd_ klZrd lbzf kmnfdsf] 3/df a;]sf] x'Fbf pQ/
lbzf alh{t 5 . ;fy} o; jif{el/ kmnfdsf] sf/f]af/ ug{ kmfKb}g . t;y{ uf8L tyf ;jf/L ;fwgfx?sf] lsgj]r gug'{
xf]nf .
@_ df6f];Fu alh{t ju{x?
s]6f
s]6L
jif{ ju{ aif{ ju{
@ s's'/ $ afFb/
!) af3 !@ d';f
!* 3f]8f @) lu4
@^ s's'/ @* afFb/
#$ af3 #^ d';f
$@ 3f]8f $$ lu4
%) s's'/ %@ afFb/
%* af3 ^) d';f
^^ 3f]8f ^* lu4
&$ s's'/ &^ afFb/
*@ af3 *$ d';f
() 3f]8f (@ lu4
(* s's'/ !)) afFb/
dfly pNn]lvt aif{ / ju{sf] s]6f / s]6Lx?sf] kfv{ -vf]G;f_ blIf0f, klZrd lbzf df6f]sf] 3/df a;]sf] x'Fbf k"j{ lbzf alh{t
5 . hUuf hldg lsga]r ug]{ / 3/sf] hu xfNg] h:tf sfo{x? kmfKb}g .
#_ kfgL;Fu alh{t ju{x?
s]6f
jif{ ju{
s]6L
aif{ ju{
% e]8f ! d[u
!# d[u ( la/fnf]
@! la/fnf] !& e]8f
@( e]8f @% d[u
#& d[u ## la/fnf]
$% la/fnf] $! e]8f
%# e]8f $( d[u
^! d[u %& la/fnf]
^( la/fnf] ^% e]8f
&& e]8f &# d[u
*% d[u *! la/fnf]
(# la/fnf] *( e]8f
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
td" ;+;f/
5

Nxf] kmn
pNn]lvt aif{ / ju{sf] s]6f / s]6Lx?sf] kfv{ -vD5o'_ pQ/ lbzf kfgLsf] 3/df a;]sf] x'Fbf klZrd lbzf alh{t 5 .
vf]nf tg]{, kf}8L v]Ng], kfgLsf] em/Ldf lx8\g], hyfefjL kfgL ;]jg ug]{ cfbL gug'{ xf]nf .
$_ cfuf];Fu alh{t ju{x? –
s]6f
jif{ ju{
s]6L
aif{ ju{
! d[u % e]8f
( la/fnf] !# d[u
!& e+]8f @! la/fnf]
@% d[u @( e]8f
## la/fnf] #& d[u
$! e]8f $% la/fnf]
$( d[u %# e]8f
%& la/fnf] ^! d[u
^% e]8f ^( la/fnf]
&# d[u && e]8f
*! la/fnf] *% d[u
*( e]8f (# la/fnf]
(& d[u
pNn]lvt aif{ / ju{sf] s]6f / s]6Lx?sf] kfv{ -lnd]_
cyf{t blIf0f lbzf cfuf]sf] 3/df a;]sf] x'Fbf pQ/ k"j{sf]
lardf alh{t 5 . cfuf] lbg], v]nfpg] rnfpg] sfdx?
gug'{xf]nf .
gf]6 M ;a} ju{ / kfv{ kmnx? oxF pNn]v u/]sf] 5}g .
o; jif{sf] dxTjk"0f{ ju{ / kfv{ kmnx? dfq oxfF pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 . cGo ju{kmn tyf kfv{ kmnx?sf] af/]df af}4
Hof]ltif cg';f/ nfdfu'?x?;Fu ;Nnfx lng'xf]nf .
cGtdf :jb]z tyf ljb]zdf /xg' x'g] ;Dk"0f{
dxfg'efjx?df td"x?sf] dxfg kj{ -kmf] Nxf]5f/_
@)&% ;fnsf] pknIodf xflb{s d+undo z'esfdgf
JoQm ub{5' .
;j{;Tj k|f0fL ;bf ;'vn] o'Qm /xg' .
;j{ b'u{tL ;bf z'Go eP/ hfpg ..
af]wL ;Tjx? h'g e"dL dfu{df lj/hdfg 5g\ ...
pxFx?sf] k|f0fLwfg -k|fy{gf_ lz4 xf]; ...
æejt' ;j{ d+und\ Æ
6 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

lkmNd ljz]if
u'?ª rnlrq
Ps kl5 csf]{ l;nl;n]j/?kdf b]vfpg] lrqx?nfO{
rnlrq elgG5 . cyf{t\ rnlrq eg]sf] yf]/} b[Zox?n] w]/} cy{
a'emfpg], Pp6} zAbn] w]/} cy{ a'emfpg] laDax?sf] k|ltlaDa xf] .
h;n] ;dfhnfO{ dgf]/~hg lbG5, ;';lHht u/fpF5, hfu?s
agfpF5 / 1fg / l;k k|]lift u5{ . t;y{ rnlrq ;fdflhs
?kfGt/0fsf] ;+jfxs xf] / ;+:s[lt lgdf{0f / k|j4{gsf] ;+oGq /
k|s[of xf] . rnlrq lgdf{0f ug{ ;lhnf] 5}g . o;sf] lgdf{0f
ubf{ lgb]{zs / lgdf{tfx?nfO{ laifo j:t'sf] 1fg k|ljlwsf] r]t
/ ;dfhsf] efjgfsf] af]w x'g'kb{5 .
lj=;+= @))& ;fndf l8=lj= kl/of/n] snsQfdf
lgdf{0f u/]sf] …;To xl/ZrGb|Ú klxnf] g]kfnL rnlrq xf]
-kl/of/÷@)$@_ . @)!# ;fndf /fhf dx]Gb|sf] /fHoleif]sdf
cd]/LsL rnlrq lgdf{tf gf]j]n yf]d;n] /fHoleif]ssf]
j[Qlrq / ;r{ km/ Kof/f8fO{h rnlrq agfPsf lyP . @)!(
df b]xf/fb'gsf lx/fl;+x vqLnfO{ dx]Gb|n] cfk\mgf] hGdf]T;j
/ …ljsf;sf] af6f]df g]kfnÚ gfdsf] j[Qlrq agfpg nufPsf
lyP -d}gfnL @)^!, #_ . @)@@ ;fndf tTsfnLg lgb]{zg
dGqfnosf] k|rf/k|;f/ ljefun] lgdf{0f u/]sf] rnlrq …cfdfÚ
g]kfndf ag]sf] klxnf] rnlrq xf] . of] rnlrq klg /fhf
dx]Gb|n] g} agfpg nufPsf lyP . o;/L lj=;+= @))& ;fnaf6
;'? ePsf] g]kfnL rnlrqsf] Oltxf; xfn;Dd cfOk'Ubf
cgluGtL rnlrqsf] lgdf{0f e};s]sf] 5 . tfklg clwsf+z
g]kfnL rnlrq lxGbL rnlrqs} gSsn ug]{ / o;}sf] ;]/f]km]/f]df
cNdln/x]sf] lj1x? atfpF5g\ .
k|hftGqsf] k'g{axfnL kfO{ hghfltx?n] klg cfk\mgf]
dft[efiffdf rnlrq lgdf{0f ug{ yfn] . d"nwf/sf] ;+rf/df
7fpF gkfO/x]sf cfk\mgf hftLo tyf ;fF:s[lts w/f]x/ tyf
laDax?nfO{ rnlrqsf] dfWodaf6 ;zQm ?kdf k|:t't u/]/
cfk\mgf klxrfg :yflkt u/fpg yfn] . oxL sf/0fn] ubf{
dft[efifL rnlrq lgdf{0f cleofg g} ;'?
eof] . g]kfnL rnlrqn] Pp6f ;d"xsf]
dfq} ;fF:s[lts kl/j]znfO{ lrq0f
u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] ablnbf] /fhg}lts,
;fF:s[lts kl/b[Zodf ;a}n] cfk\mgf] 5'§}
? Ps]Gb| u'?ª
td" ;+;f/
;Nnfxsf/ a]nfot
klxrfgsf] ck]Iff u/]sf] cj:yfdf rnlrqdfkm{t cfk\mgf] efiff,
;+:s[ltnfO{ :yflkt ug]{ p2]Zon] ljleGg dft[efiffdf rnlrq
lgdf{0f ug{ yflnPsf] xf] . ljqmd ;Djt @)$$ ;fndf lgdf{0f
ul/Psf] g]jf/L rnlrq …lzn'Ú g} k|yd dft[efifL rnlrq
xf] . @)$^ ;fndf k"j]{nL yf? Effiffdf …s/dÚ lgdf{0f eof] .
@)%@ ;fndf du/ efiffdf …nª\3gÚ, tfdfË efiffdf …;]dd/L
5f]/ªfgÚ / u'?ª efiffdf ‘kft]Ú -dfOnL_ ag]sf] lyof] . u'?ª
efiffsf] rnlrq lgdf{0fsf] >]o lk|td u'?ªnfO{ hfG5 . @)%@
;fnd} kf]v/faf6 :j= ldg axfb'/ u'?ª / nf]s axfb'/ u'?ªsf]
k|of;df …GxfD:of] Gxf]/LÚ -s'lx/f] lrq_ lgdf{0f ePsf] lyof] .
oL ;a} rnlrq lghL nfugLdf agfOPsf x'g\ . gofF
cj;/sf] vf]hLdf dflg;x? cfk\mgf] yftynf] 5f8]/ ;'ljwf
;DkGg 7fpFdf a;fO{ ;g{ yfn] . u'?ª klg a;fO{ ;g]{ k|s[ofaf6
c5'tf] /x]g . gofF 7fpFdf a;fO{ ;bf{ u'?ªx?sf] efiff, ;+:sf/
/ ;+:s[lt nf]kf]Gd'v cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 . efiff, ;+:sf/ zf:qL
cg';f/ efiff, ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f / k|j{4g ug{ rnlrq
;zQm dfWod xf] . cyf{t\ ;flxTo, snf tyf rnlrqsf]
dfWodaf6 efiff / ;+:s[ltnfO{ hf]ufpg ;lsG5 . cfk\mgf]
efiff / ;+:s[ltnfO{ /fli6«o klxrfgsf] cjwf/0ff leq :yflkt
u/fpg klg cfk\mgf] dft[efiffdf rnlrq lgdf{0f ug{ yflnPsf]
xf] . rnlrq lgdf{0f cfk\mgf] efiff, snf / ;+:s[ltnfO{ gofF
k':tfnfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;lhnf] pkfo klg xf] . t;y{ l;ldt
ahf/sf] afah'b klg u'?ª efifL w]/} rnlrqx? lgdf{0f ePsf
x'g\ . kft] -dfOnL_ / GxfD:of] Gxf]/L -s'lx/f] leq_ @)%@ af6
;'? ePsf] u'?ª efifL rnlrq cfh ;Dd !@* j6f lgdf{0f
e};s]sf 5g\ -lhkmfg_ .
;+ejt hghfltx?df ;a}eGbf w]/} dft[efifL rnlrq
u'?ª efiffdf lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . lj=;+= @)%@ ;fnaf6 ;'? ePsf]
u'?ª efifL rnlrq Ps aif{df ;/b/ (÷!) j6f ;Dd lgdf{0f
x'G5 . ufpF zx/, 3/b]z k/b]z ;a} 7fpFdf u'?ª efifL rnlrq
lgdf{0fdf k|lt:kwf{ g} eO/x]sf] 5 . cfk\mgf efiff, e]ife"iff, snf
/ ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f / pTyfg ug{sf nflu rnlrq lgdf{0fdf
nfu]sf] a'lemG5 . u'?ª rnlrq lgdf{0f ubf{ u'?ª ;+:s[ltdf
cfwfl/t g]kfnL efiffdf klg rnlrq lgdf{0f ul//x]sf 5g\ .
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
td" ;+;f/
7

g]kfnL efiffdf rnlrq agfpF5g\ / u'?ª lkmNd P;f]l;Pzgdf
btf{ u/fpF5g\ . u'?ª lkmNd P;f]l;P;g -lhkmfg_ u'?ª rnlrq
;+/If0f / k|j4{g ug]{ ;fy} Jojl:yt / dof{lbt agfpg :yflkt
ePsf] ;+:yf xf] . @)^$ ;fndf :yfkgf ePsf] …lhkmfgÚ u'?ª
rnlrqsdL{x?sf] ;femf ;+:yf xf] . rnlrq lgdf{0fdf b[Zon]
e]ife"iffn] ;txL / xNsf cnsfl/tf dfq lbG5 . laifoj:t',
syf / ts{n] rnlrqsf] ;+/rgfsf] ?k lbG5 . clego, uLt
;+uLt / b[Zon] rnlrqnfO{ cfTdf lbG5 . cfTdfn] k|f0f e5{ .
bz{sn] gh/af6 g;f g;fdf ;dflxt agfpF5 . rnlrqdf
snfsf] ;+/rgfeGbf :yflgotfnfO{ d'Vo cfwf/ dflgG5 .
rnlrqsf] efiffdf :yflgotf eg]sf] ;fdflhs oyf{t\ xf] .
u'?ª efiff ;+:s[ltdf w]/} :yfgLox? kfOG5 . /f]wL+ / /f]wL+;+u
;DalGwt laDax? :yflgotfsf] cfwf/ / ;|f]tx? x'g\ . u'?ª
efiff / ;+:s[ltsf] ;xL JofVof k|of]u / Joj:yfkg gePdf unt
laifox? ;+k|]if0f x'G5g\ . kl/0ffd ;d'bfodf ljs[lt / lj;+ultsf]
;+b]; k|jfx x'G5 . ;dfh ljeflht / ljvl08t x'g] ;+efjgf
x'G5 . o;af6 k|i6 x'G5 u'?ª rnlrq u'?ª efiffdf g} lgdf{0f
eof] eg] :yflgotfsf] e/k"/ k|of]u x'G5 . u'?ª efiffsf] laDax?
g]kfnL efiffdf d]n gvfg klg ;S5 . u'?ªx?sf] cfk\mg} vfnsf]
efiff, ;flxTo / ;fF:s[lts k/Dk/f 5 . xfd|f] cfk\mgf] df}lns
uLt 5 . ufog 5, efsf / no 5 . jfBjfbg 5, ;f+uLlts w"g
5, k/Dk/fut g[To / g[To z}nL 5 . cfk\mg} ljlzi6 e"uf]n 5 .
o:sf] ;+of]hgaf6 lgdf{0f ePsf] snf g} df}lns / j}1flgs
snf xf] . h'g rnlrq lgdf{0fsf] cr"s ;'q xf] . o:sf] k|of]u
Pl/s Eoflnn] …Sof/efgÚ lgdf{0fdf u/]sf] lyof] . …Sof/efgÚ
n] Pl/s EoflnnfO{ ;+;f/e/ lrGxfof] . gfos lyGn] ;fwf/0f
kfqdf dfq} l;ldt agfof] .
u'?ª efiffdf w]/} rnlrq lgdf{0f x'g'df u'?ªx? cfk\mgf]
efiff ;+:sf/, ;+:s[ltsf] / ;+/If0f / k|j4{g ug'{k5{ eGg] r]tgfn]
ubf{ xf] . u'?ªx? a;fO{ ;/]/ kf]v/f, lrtjg, sf7df08f}+ / aflx/
hfkfg, x+us+u, ci6«]lnof, o's], cd]l/sf, o'/f]k, vf8Ld"ns,
dn]l;of, ef/t hxfF a;] klg dft[efiffsf] rnlrqdf cfk\mgf]
ufpF, 7fpF, efiff / ;+:s[lt;+u ;fIffTsf/ x'g] x'Fbf cl;d ;Gt'li6
k|fKt u5{g\ . 8fo:kf]/fsf u'?ªx? efiff, snf / ;+:s[lt ;+/If0f
/ k|j4{g ug]{ lhDd]jf/L cfk\mgf] klg ;DemG5g\ . To;}n] rnlrq
lgdf{0f u5{g\, c?n] agfPsf] rnlrqnfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ sf]lz;
u5{g\ . o;/L ;a}n] cfk\mgf] If]qaf6 ;fy / ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf]n]
k|To]s jif{ (÷!) j6f rnlrq lgdf{0f ug{ ;kmn ePsf] xf] .
kmn:j?k u'?ª hftLo / ;fF:slts klxrfgdf ;xof]u k'u]sf]
5 . efiff, snf, ;flxTo / ;+:s[lt k|a{4g ePsf] 5 . o;sf
nflu rnlrq lgdf{0fdf cxd e"ldsf v]Ng' x'g] ;a} wGojfbsf
kfq x'g\ . pxfFx? x'g'x'G5 lk|td u'?ª, :j= ldgaxfb'/ u'?ª -8fFkm]
snf_, :j= nf]saxfb'/ u'?ª, uf]/] u'?ª, s];axfb'/ u'?ª, ;'jf;
u'?ª, ef]h axfb'/ u'?ª, s/0f u'?ª, j]baxfb'/ u'?ª -Zofd_,
lkmNd ljz]if
dfcf]T;] u'?ª, s[i0fs'df/ u'?ª, k[YjLdfg u'?ª, v'; axfb'/ u'?ª,
;'lgtf u'?ª, anaxfb'/ u'?ª, dgf]h u'?ª, lnnaxfb'/ u'?ª,
o'u u'?ª, u'~haxfb'/ u'?ª, dgf]h u'?ª, lhtdfg u'?ª, h;'
u'?ª, lbk]; u'?ª, hgs u'?ª, pdfg l; u'?ª, gf} h+Ë u'?ª,
cf]d k|sfz u'?ª -lhkmfg_, o; cnfjf lgdf{tfx?, uLtsf/,
;+uLtsf/, snfsf/ ;a}nfO{ ;Demg' kg]{ x'G5 . ;+;f/e/sf
bz{sx?, z'elrGtsx? ;a}nfO{ ;Ddfg JoQm ug{'k5{ h;n] u'?ª
rnlrqnfO{ dfof / ;fy lbg'eof] .
jf]g wd{ cg';f/ o; jif{sf] d[u
ju{ -kmf] Nxf]_ Nxf] kmn
? tf]/g 6' SNx]k|L td"
ltnf]td gu/kflnsf !$ l6s'nLu9 ?kGb]xL
;lrj, td" Kx] Nx' ;+3 s]lGb|o SNx]k|L ;ldlt g]kfn
Pj+ ?kGb]xL lhNnf v]uL k|d'v
jf]g wd{ cg';f/ d[u ju{ cfpFbf o; ju{sf dflg;x?
xlNssf] d'vdf a:5g . /IffaGwg ug'{ . gfu ju{ ;ftf}+df
/x]sf]n] g/fd|f] x'G5 . e]8f / la/fnf] ju{ kfFrf} / gjf}+df kg]{
x'Fbf g/fd|f] x'g]5 . u?8 ju{nfO{ b'Mv ljdf/ x'g]5 . s's'/
ju{ nf;sf] dfly a;]sf]n] g/fd|f] x'g]5 . 3f]8f ju{nfO{ klg
g/fd|f] 5 /IffaGwg nufpg' :jl:t zflGt ug'{ . d[u ju{ cfpFbf
o;ju{sf dflg;nfO{ v]uLn] ;xsf] k"hf u/L 5jfª lstfa
k9L clez]s ug'{ ?kf nufO{ :ofO{ ug'{ . gfu ju{ ;ftf}df k5{
g/fd|f] x'G5 x]/rfx u/L ?kf nufO{ af/a]/ ug'{ .
e]8f ju{ / lj/fnf] ju{ ly;F' ªx}df] 5 . oL b'O{ ju{nfO{
ly;'F kbf{ ;q' a}/L p7\nf dgn] lrtfPsf] gxf]nf tfs]sf] s'/f
k'/f gxf]nf . SNofK;L k"hf ul/ zflGt ug'{xf]nf . ly+;' kbf{
pNsf u|x x'G5 . ;fjwfgL / xf]l;of/L ckgfpg' xf]nf . d'k|L
Nxf] -u'?8_ ju{nfO{ rf]6 k6s nfUnf gofF sfddf xft gxfNg' .
?k cfo'ug'{ ;+s6 u|x nfUb5 . bf]dª v]ljbf] u|x sf6g' xf]nf .
r/f ju{nfO{ /fd|f] x'g]5 . s's'/ ju{ / 3f]8f ju{nfO{ ?kf cfo'
ul/ /f]vaf/ 3/af/ a]/af/ ug'{xf]nf . oL b'O{ ju{nfO{ g/fd|f]
x'G5 . /IffaGwg nufpg' : jl:t zflGt ug'{xf]nf .
8 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

snf÷;flxTo
;f}Gbo{, snf / ;flxTo
;f}+Gbo{, snf / ;flxTosf] ;DaGw lqkIfLo /x]sf]
x'G5 . ;f}Gbo{ cfkm}+df k"0f{ 5 / Jofks 5 . ;flxTosf] pTklQ
x'g' cufj} ;f}Gbo{ lyof] . ;flxTosf] hGdkZrft s|dzM k|fof]lus
?kdf Nofpg ;d]t yflnof] . ;f}Gbo{ cgGt lyof], cgGt 5 /
cgGteO{ g} /xg] 5 .
;f}Gbo{sf] lgs6tf ;'vfg'e"lt ;Fu /xG5 . ;DejtM
;'v, cfgGb / /dfx6 cflb . ev{/ ue{af6 hlGdPsf] lzz'df
Tof] ?k b]vf kb{5 . ;+;fl/s ;f}Gbo{tf cgluGtL 5g\ . laxfgLsf]
;"of]{bosf] ;'Gb/tf /lËg ls/0fx?, OGb|]0fLsf] ;'Gb/tf klg cfkm}
df k"0f{ 5 . k"j{df b]lvg] nflndf cem /fd|f] b[ZodfGg ;lsG5 .
To;af6 dflg;nfO{ ;'vsf] cg'ej x'G5 . ;f}Gbo{n] xfdLnfO{
cjZo klg cfsif{0f ub{5 . laxfgLdf l9nf] u/L ;'Tg]n] Tof]
;'v k|fKtug{ ;Sb}g . em/gf, vf]nf, gfnf, jiff{, km"n, e~Hofª,
8fF8fsfF8f, kxf8, kj{t, lxdfn, jghËn, tfn, tn}of, ;d'Gb«,
dxf;fu/, ;"of]{bo cflb .
;f}Gbo{ d"ntMk|fs[lts j:t' g} xf] . ;+;f/d} cToGt
;'Gb/ j:t' k|s[lt g} xf] . ljzfn cGtl/If, tf/fd08n, dxfb]z,
;d'Gb« cflb . hf] sf]xL xif{ ljef]/ eO{ nfnflot x'g]5g\ .
:jR5, ;kmf, lgd{n, s~rg, cfsif{0f o;sf ljz]iftf x'g\ .
;/n efiffdf eGg'kbf{ cg'xf/ cfs[lt, ?k, lhp8fn, ;+/rgf
cflb eGg] a'lemG5 . s;}n] ;kgfnfO{ klg ;'Gb/ a:t'sf ?kdf
lnPsf] kfOG5 . dflg;sf] pTklQ x'g' klxn] tL j:t'x? oyfjt
lyP t/ z"Gotf b]lvGYof] . ;f}Gbo{sf af/]df xfdLnfO{ yfxf
ePsf] s'/f olt g} xf] . cem of] eGbfklg a[xt ?kdf lyP
eGg] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . dflg;x? cr]tg cj:yfaf6 r]tg
cj:yfdf cfPkl5 tL j:t'sf] s|dzMcg'e"lt ug{ yfn] eGg
;lsG5 . ;f}Gbo{sf] cg'e"ltug'{ dfgjLo :jefj xf] .
hLjg?kL o; k|s[ltdf ;f}Gbo{sf] 7"nf] :yfg dfGg
;lsG5 . o; k|s[ltdf ljzfn ;f}Gbo{ 5 . xfdLn] yf]/} dfqdf
pkof]lutf lnO/x]sf 5f}+ . k|s[ltdf ePsf] ;f}+Gbo{ kl/jt{gzLn
5 . k|s[ltdf cfPsf] kl/jt{g / ljsf;n] o;sf] cfsf/ k|sf/df
kl/jt{g NofPsf] b]lvG5 . olb ;a} lxdfnx? sf/vfgfsf O§f
h:tf] Ps} k|sf/sf x'g] eP ToxfF sxfF ;'Gb/tf e]l6GYof] / <
;a} km"n Ps} k|sf/sf eP ;fob ;'Gb/tf sd g} x'GYof] xf]nf .
;'Gb/tf eGg' ljljwtf klg xf] . xfd|f] b]z g]kfndf ! ;o @%
hflt / ! ;o @# efiffx? /x]sf 5g\ . To;/L g} ( cf]6f
wd{x? /x]sf 5g\ . cg]stfdf Pstf
eGg'sf] cy{ oxL g} xf] . xfdL dfgj
hflt k|s[ltsf] pkh xf}+ . k|To]s JolQm
cfkm}df s]xL g s]xL u'0fn] ;DkGg 5 .
? s]o/l;+x u'?ª
3fd|fª ndh'ª
df};d klg kl/jt{gzLn 5 . slxn] lxd gbLx? km'6\5g\ /
axG5g\ . 5fnx? p8\5g\, ;d'Gb|sf Hjf/ef6fx? cfkm}df crDd
nfUbf 5g\ . l5gl5gdf kfgL kg]{, 3fd nfUg], ?vkft emg]{,
knfpg], gofF lj?jfx? pd|g] cflb . ;Dk"0f{ k|s[lt?kL j:t'n]
;f}Gbo{sf] k|ltlglwTj ul//x]sf x'G5g\ . PsPs ;'Gb/tf hf]8]/
g} clt ;'Gb/tfsf] k|ltsfTds b]v kb{5 . dflg; klg k|s[lts}
Ps pkxf/ xf] . of] k|s[ltsf] pkl:ylt lagf dflg;sf] s]lx
cl:tTj /xg] g} lyPg . xfjf / kfgLsf] cefjdf xfdL afFRg
;lsGg . ef]hgsf] cefjdf xfd|f] hLjg /xg ;Sb}g . xfdL
k|s[ltd} lge{/ /xG5f}+ . ;+;f/s} >]i7 j:t' dflg; xf] . dflg; /
k|s[ltsf] ;+of]un] g} 7'nf7'nf k|ult ug]{5g\ eljiodf . ;dfhdf
JofKt nf]s uLt, ;flxTo, nf]s g[Tox? xfd|f cd"No lgwL x'g\ .
gofF gofF cf}hf/sf lgdf{0f / gofF gofF snfs[ltsf /rgfx?
k|ultsf] ;+jfxs x'g\ . ;DaGw, dfof, k|]d, ljjfx, rf8kj{,
ldqtf, e]63f6, ;xof]u cflb .
dflg;x? zAb pRrf/0fsf] ;§f Wjlgsf] ;xfotfn] jf
;+s]tn] cfk;df cfbgk|bfg ub{y] . pgLx? k|fs[lts cj:yfdf
x'Fbf klg cfgGbfg'e"lt ub{y] . To;a]nf klg dfoflk|tL lyP
xf]nfg\ . pgLx?n] agfPsf lznflrqx? cem} xfdL ;fd' b]Vg
kfOG5g\ . ;f}Gbo{t klxn]b]lv g} lyof] eGg] cg'dfg nufpg
;lsG5 . jf:tjdf s'g} klg cg'e"lt rL/ :yfoL x'Fb}g . k|s[lt /
:t/ cg';f/ cg'e"lt klg a]Un} x'G5 . uLtsf/ :jf=nf]s axfb'/
u'?ªn] …laxfgLsf] klxnf] ls/0f oxL pbfFp5Ú egL ;f}Gbo{sf]
uLt n]v]sf 5g\ . o;/L g} …So" b] yF'n]g b'Mv d'gf jiff{ d'nf/LÚ
td" cflbslj :jf=xs{ axfb'/ u'?ªsf] nf]slk|o uLt xfdL ;fd'
;w} u'l~h/xG5 . u'?ª efiffsf ljåfg wgaxfb'/sf] …cfwf/e"t
u'?ª Jofs/0f -@)%#_ xfdL ;fd' pkxf/ :j?k /x]sf] 5 .
:j= d]s l;ª 3n]sf] td" efiff / ;+:s[lt l;Sg] cfwf/ k':ts
-@)%(_, nf]s axfb'/ u'?ª÷ Zofd u'?ªsfs|d' lw+ / o'Dkf]
b]p/fnL, lk|td u'?ªsf] kft], h;' u'?ªsf] sd{ SofF ef]h axfb'/
u'?ªsf] d}l/df], dgf]h u'?ªsf] lz/dfx|fgL s[i0f s'df/ u'?ªsf]
…an]gLÚ s'zaxfb'/ u'?ªsf] …5}nLd'gf lhGbuLÚ dfcf]T;] u'?ªsf]
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
td" ;+;f/
9

snf÷;flxTo
z;St clego, uf]/] u'?ªsf] g[To, d]nfjb]jL u'?ª, s[i0f u'?ª
/ wgaxb'/ u'?ª, dgf]h u'?ªsf :j/x? td" hutdf gd"gf x'g\ .
;fdflhs, wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts ;f}Gbo{tf cfkm}df pTs[i6
;Dkbf x'g\ . xfd|f u'?ª ufFpx? 3n]ufFp, 3fGb|'s, lz?af/L, wDk';,
l;Sn];, e'h'Ë, k;ufFp / l;ª\bL cflb gd"gfsf ?kdf e]l6G5g\ .
cfh w]/} ko{6sx? oxfF cfFp5g\ / oxfFsf lrhlahdf Wofg
lbG5g\ . oxfFsf dlGb/, u'Daf, eUgfjz]if, k'/ftflTjs j:t' x]g{
nfos j:t' x'g\ . s'g} klg j:t' ;dfg ?kn] ;dfg ;'gb/ x'g
;lsGg . of] t b[li6sf]0f / cg'e"ltdf e/ kb{5 . s'g} j:t'
cfkm}df k"0f{ x'g ;Sb}g . s'g} cg'e"ltleqL ?kdf x'G5g\ eg] s'g}
cg'e"ltjfx\o ?kdf x'G5g\ . o2lk of] ljzfn x'G5 .
w]/} klxn]b]lv g} nf]slut, nf]sgfr, nf]ssyf, ;+lut,
gfr, sljtf, syf, pvfg 6'Ssf, dxfsfAo, pkGof;, lrqsnf
cflbdf cfkm\gf ;f}Gbo{ k|ltlalDat ePsf] kfOG5 . o;df cfkm\g}
k|sf/sf pkdf, laDa, /; / cfnªsf/x? kfOG5 . ;flxTon]
o;nfO{ pGglt, k|ult / ljsf;tkm{ 8f]¥ofPsf] kfOG5 . ;flxTon]
o;nfO{ cy{k"0f{ / 5n{Ë agfOlbG5 . Ps afnssf] ?jfO{, xfF;f]
/ v]n, ls;fgsf] v]tLkftL, snfsf/sf] lrq, d"lt{ / jf:t'snf
cflb ;f}Gbo{sf k|lts dflgG5g\ . oL ljljw kIfx?sf] lrq0f
ug'{ / ltgnfO{ sljtf syf pkGof; gf6s, v08sfJo, dxfsfJo
/ rnlrqdf jf:tljs hLjgdf eGbf s}of}+ u'0f ;'Gb/ o;n]
agfOlbG5 . To;}n] ;flxTo ;fWo klg xf] / ;fwg klg xf] .
rf/}lt/sf] xl/ofnLsf] ;'Gb/tf, pkTosfsf] ;'Gb/tf, j:tLsf]
;'Gb/tf, o;/L g} b/af/ :Sjof/ / ;+u|xfnosf] ;'Gb/tf, 1fg,
s'zntf, df}lts ;fdu|L, ufFp3/sf] 7fF6L, kf6Lkf}jf, wf/f, kFw]/f,
af6f]3f6f], cfFug, 6f}Fjf, ds};'nL, rf}tf/L, 8f]sf], gfDnf], /f8L,
kfvL, gfª\nf], dbfgL, 3'/f]{, uf]7fnf] / uf]7fngLsf] ;'Gb/tf cflb
cfkm}Fdf k"0f{tf /x]sf 5g\ .
cg]s ;flxlTos s[ltx?? 6fN;6fosf …z'4 / zflGtÚ
b]jsf]6fsf] …d'gfdbgÚ, /ljGb«gfysf] …uLtf~hnLÚ lrQw/sf]
…;'ut–;f}eÚ, z]S;lkosf] …xfDn]6Ú, o;/L g} ?;L, t'n;Lbf;,
hf]g ldN;g, aflNdsL, gfN6]o/, uf]y], bfFQ], rfN;{ l8s]G;,
bf]:tf]oe:sL, uf]sL{, k|]drGb / g]kfnsf cflbslj efg'eSt
;f}Gbo{, snf / ;flxTos} dxf/yLx? dflgG5g\ .
;+uLtsf] w"g, em/gf, gbL / 5fnx?, 5rlNsPsf
x'G5g\ . oL j:t' ;'/, tfn / nodf lglxt x'G5g\ . jfBoGqx?
;Ltf/, uLtf/ xfdf{]lgod, dfbn, afF;'/Laf6 Ps} k|sf/sf cfjfh
lgl:sP lg/f; x'G5 . ljljwtf eGg' g} ;f}Gbo{ xf] . ld7f] cg'e"lt
xf] . s'g} ufosn] Pp6} :j/ dfq pRrf/0f ub{5 eg] To;sf]
s]lx cy{ g} x'Fb}g . :j/, Wjlg / cfjfhdf ;w} tfnd]n ePsf]
/ uLtx? pRr lsl;dsf efjgfx? pTk|]l/t eP /fd|f] x'G5 .
s'g} ;flxTosf/n] ;Dk"0f{ ljZjsf] ljifoa:t' Ps;fy k|:t't ug{
;lsGg . p;n] t ;fgf sljtf, nw'syf, d'Sts, xfO{s"’ jf
pvfgx?df klg 7"nf] efj n's]sf] x'G5 .
td" kf}/fl0fs syfx?df gf/L k|wfg syfj:t' kfOG5g\ .
…l/+ b] do'FÚ syf …z]:o{ Sn]Ú syf, …Rxhfsf]gf/LÚ syf, …cafSxgf{Ú
syf cflb x'g\ . o;/L g} xfd|f /f]wLF 3/, x'/L, kdf{, Nxf]5f/,
v]Fdf y]Faf, km}n', 6\f]Tx]F cflb . xfd|f ;d’bfosf ax’k|rlnt
clnlvt Oltxf;, d"No dfGotf, rfnrng, /xg;xg, rf8kj{
cflb . ljljwtf P+j ;dfj]zLsf cjwf/0ff x? xfd|f k"v{n]
Sxf]nf;f]yf/df x'Fbf g} canDag u/]sf s'/fx? ;fdflhs syf /
Ko]tfF Nx'Ftfdf kfOG5g\ . u'?ª hfltdf Psn, k|lts Pj+ cfk;L
d]nldnfkx? ePsf k|z:t pbfx/0f kfOG5g\ . u'?ªx?sf ufFpx?
em'Dd k/]/ Ps} 7fFpdf df}/L em}F a:gfn] klg ;fdflhs Psn
/ ;b\efj ePsf] b]lvG5 . lxhf]sf] bfz{lgs kIf, P]ltxfl;s
36gfn] cjZo klg jt{dfg / eljionfO{ ;'Gb/ ;dfhsf]
kl/sNkgf / cfbz{ d"No dfGotfsf Joj:yfx? :yflkt x'Fb}
hfg]5g\ eGg ;lsG5 . ctM ;flxTodf ;f}Gbo{k"0f{ ;+/rgf,
ljljat, k|ltsfTds b[li6ljGb', p2]Zo ePsf x'g'kb{5 . tadfq
;flxTo la:tf/} k"0f{tftkm{ df]l8G5 .
jf:tjdf cfhsf] ;dfhdf JofKt ljljw k|sf/sf
c;ªult, ljs[lt, a]lylt, zf]if0fnfO{ ;DemfO{ a'emfO{ sd u/fO{
la:tf/} ;'vL / ;DkGgtfsf] ;fdflhs w/ftn lgdf{0f ug'{ g}
;'vfg'e"lt xf] . o;/L ;f}Gbo{snf / ;flxTonfO{ cGt/ ;DalGwt
?ddf x]g{ ;lsG5 . o;n] xfd|f] ;'Gb/tfnfO{ k|fs[lts / ;f+:s[lts
?kdf dfq gx]/L ax'kIfLo b[li6sf]0fn] x]g'{kb{5 . cjZo klg o;n]
xfd|f] klxrfg, Pstf, dfgjtf cflb k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 . xfdL
dfgjsf lar kmf6f] xf]Og, ;xcl:tTj nfO{ sfod u/fpg' klg
o;sf] p2]Zo xf] . xfdL ;a}hgf Pp6} gf6ssf ljleGg kfqx?
Xf}+ . ljZja|fDx08, b]z tyf ;fdflhs ;f}Gb{ox?nfO{ snf /
;flxTo ;Fu hf]8]/ x]g'{kb{5 . logLx? Ps csf{sf ;xfos tTjx?
X'g\ . ;f}Gbo{tf xfd|f] hLjg xf] . snf ljlxg hLjg, ;flxTo
ljlxg hLjg k'R5/ lagfsf] kz' ;dfg x'G5 . xfdL klg ;lx
efjgfn] cf]tk|f]t eO{ :jtGq, ;f}Gbo{ / snfTds ;flxTosf]
cjnDag u/f}+ . ho ;f}Gbo{tf, ho snfsfl/tf, ho ;flxTo .
10 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

lnlk
ef/tdf v]df lnlk / u'¿ª efiffsf]
ljsf;qmd / af]nrfnsf] cj:yf
Pp6f hflt ljz]ifn] JolQmut clg ;d"xut ¿kdf
;/n tl/sfn] af]lng] / To;nfO{ a'lemg] cj:yfnfO{ efiff
elgG5 . efiff ;/n / z'4 eP l56f] a'em\g / l;Sg ;lsG5 .
To:t} u'¿ª hfltn] cfkm\gf] 6f]n, ufpF, ;dfh / 3/df af]lng]
af]nrfnsf] efiffnfO{ u'¿ª cyjf td" efiff elgG5 . u'¿ªx¿n]
o;nfO{ …td" Sxo"O{’ eGb5 . k|To]s efiffsf] cf–cfkm\g} eflifs
ljz]iftf x'G5. h'g b'O{ lsl;dsf /x]sf 5g\ n]Vo / sYo . u'¿ª
efiff af]nrfndf dfq l;ldt ePsf]n] o;nfO{ sYo efiffsf]
yfGsf]df /flvPsf] kfOG5 . of] efiff sYo ¿kd} /x] tfklg nf]s
syf / pvfg t'Ssfx¿sf] nf]s ;flxTosf] 9's'6L ;d[4 5 .
b]z, sfn / kl/l:yltcg';f/ g]kfn afx]s cGo b]zx¿ ef/t
/ e"6fgdf eg] u'¿ª efiffsf] cj:yf n'Ktk|fo lyof] / clxn]
cfP/ hftLo ;r]tgfsf] sf/0f efiffsf] ;+/If0f / ;Daw{g ljifo
w]/} kxnx¿ z'¿ ul/Psf] 5.
efiffnfO{ gbL;Fu t'ngf ul/Psf] kfOG5 . h;/L Pp6f
gbLdf ljleGg vf]N;f, emg{f ldl;P h:t} Pp6f efiffdf ljljw
efiff eflifsfsf ljz]iftfx¿ ldl;Psf] kfOG5 . To:t} u'¿ª efiff
ef]6 ad{]nL kl/jf/sf] efiff ePsf]n] lxdfnL e]sdf a;f]af;
ug{] ltAatL, tfdfª, z]k{f ;fy} dËf]n kl/jf/sf] efiff;Fu w]/}
ldn]sf] kfOG5. efiff hLljt dfG5]n] af]Ng] ePsf]n] o;sf]
;DaGw dfgj dg / r]tgf b'j};Fu ufFl;Psf] x'G5 . dflg;
To;} klg r~rn / ;+j]bgzLn x'G5 eg] r]tgfn] gofF–gofF
s'/f l;ls/x]sf] x'G5 . o;}n] dfG5]n] cfkm\gf] hftLo efiffeGbf
;dfhdf k|rlnt efiffnfO{ l56f] u|x0f ub{5 / cfkm\gf] efiff
oxfF :jod lsgf/Ls[t eO/x]sf] cj:yf x'G5 . of] clxn] xfd|f]
o'jf lk9Ln] OG6/g]6 / df]afOnsf] efiff l56f] l;s]sf] / k|of]u
u/]sf]n] g} k|dfl0ft ub{5 .
o:t} u'¿ª efiffsf] ljsfzqmdsf] Oltxf; x]g{] xf]
eg] u'¿ª hflt ztflAbsf] hGd x'g'eGbf xhf/f}+ jif{ cl3 g}
ltAatsf] e"ldaf6 g]kfnsf] pQ/, dgfª ef]6, d':tfª ef]6 /
nfs{] ef]6df k|j]z u/]sf] df}lvs Oltxf; kfOG5 . u'¿ª hflt
lzsf/ v]Ng] / s[lifaf6 cfkm\gf] hLjg ofkg ug{] hft ePsf]n]
hxfF cGgx¿ kmNg ;Sg] / kz' r/0f ko{fKt ePsf] 7fpFdf uf]7
a;fO{ ;g{] ub{y] . o:t} a;fO{ ;b{} s[lif ub{} lxF8\bf xhf/f}+ o'ux¿
lzsf/ v]n]/, kz'kfng u/]/ hLjg latfPsf] u'¿ªx¿ lxdfnaf6
dw]z x'Fb} ef/t e"ldsf] cf;d, b]x/fb'g, bfh{lnª, l;lSsd
/fHo / e"6fg /fi6«df klg a:g cfOk'u]sf] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 .
ToxL eP/ u'¿ªx¿ ltAataf6 g]kfn / ljleGg l5d]sL b]zsf]
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
e"–efux¿df k|j]z x'Fb}, efiff, wd{ /
;+:s[lt afx]s c¿ s]lx Nofpg ;s]gg\ .
To;}n] u'¿ª efiffut lnlk lagfsf] hflt
? k|bLk u'?ª
ufGtf]s l;lSsd
ef/t
aGg k'u]sf] xf] . t}klg u'¿ªx¿sf] kRo' / SNx]a|Lsf] df}lvs
wd{ zf:qx¿n] ub{f u'¿ª hfltsf] efiff, wd{ / ;f+:s[lts
k/Dk/fnfO{ h:tfsf] t:t} hLljt /fVg ;lsPsf] 5 . ltAatdf
klg lnlksf] vf]h 5}6f}+ ztfAbLlt/ ePsf] Oltxf;n] atfPsf]
5 . bzf}+ ztfAbLlt/ k'/fgf] efiffnfO{ b]jtfsf] efiffsf] dfGotf
lbP/ o;nfO{ k':tsdf l;ldt /fVg] / Jojxf/df k|of]u ug{ gofF
efiff agfpg'k5{ egL csf]{ efiffsf] lgd{f0f u/]sf] Oltxf;n]
atfpF5 . otf u'¿ª hfltn] o;a]nf;Dd klg lnlksf] vf]h
jf lgd{f0f ug{ ;s]sf] lyPg . gofFsf] lgdf{0f / ljsf; x'g
;fy k'/fgf] j:t' gi6 x'g] ;[li6sf] k/Dk/f /x]sf] 5 . t/ u'¿ª
hfltn] gofF efiffsf] ljsf; ug{ g;s]s} sf/0f k|frLg efiff,
wd{ / ;+:s[lt h:tfsf] To:t} hLljt /x]sf] a'lemG5 . cfh
u'¿ª hfltsf] efiff, wd{ / ;+:s[ltsf] Oltxf; kN6fof}+ eg] kRo'
SNx]a|Ls} df}lvs wd{ zf:q …Ko] tfF Nx' tfF’ afx]s c¿ vf]Hg]
dfWod 5}g .
cfkm\gf] lnlk / Aofs/0f gePsf] x'gfn] cfkm\gf]
efiffsf] df}lvstfnfO{ arfO{ /fVof}+ . df}lvs tyf cfkm\g}
lnlkdf xfd|f] dxfg u|Gy …So]n{f]’ klg b]jgfu/L lnlkd} n]lvPsf]
Oltj[lQ xfdLn] k9]sf 5f}+ . …So]n{f]’ h:tf] dxfg u|Gy, hxfF
xfdL u'¿ªx¿sf] ;[li6, j+zqmd, y/ uf]q ljefhg / P]ltxfl;s
efiffsf] lqmofsnfk ePsf] k':tsnfO{ cfkm\g} df}lvs lnlkdf
n]v]/ /fVg g;Sbf ef/t, e'6fg t s] g]kfnd} klg ;fwf/0f
af]nrfnsf] xfd|f] efiff sYo x'g uof] . o;}sf] k|efjn] lhNnf
lhNnfdf km/s 9+u / njh cg';f/ af]lnPsf] kfOG5 . lnlka4
gePsf] efiff / Jofs/l0fs z'4tfdf gaf]lnPsf] efiff jif{fsf]
clgolGqt e]n h:t} xf] h'g Jojl:yt 9n gx'Fbf htf ;lhnf]
Tot} au]sf] x'G5 . u'¿ª efiffsf ljåthgn] klg of] s'/fnfO{
cfTdaf]w ub{} :jLsf/]sf] klg 5 . To;}n] cfh lnlksf]
cfjZostf af]w ub{} s;}n] b]jgfu/L, s;}n] /f]dg, s;}n]
v]df / s;}n] ;fdaf]6f lnlk x'g'k5{ eg]/ cf–cfkm\gf] ts{ k]z
ul//x]sf lyP . t/ xfdLn] a'em\g' kg{] d"ne"t s'/f s] 5 eg] s'g}
klg hfltsf] efiff p;sf] df}lns ;[li6, l/ltl/jfh, ;+:s[lt /
k/Dk/f;+u ;Da4 /fVb}g eg] Tof] lnlk ckgfpg'sf] s]lx cf}lrTo
/xFb}g . u'¿ª efiffsf zAbx¿df cg'gfl;s Wjlgsf] w]/} k|efj
/x]sf] sf/0f /f]dg / ;fdaf]6f lnlk ckgfpg ;Sg] s'g} af6f]
td" ;+;f/ 11

5}g . o;}n] cfkm\g} df}lnskg af]s]sf] v]df lnlknfO{ ckgfP/
To;cg'¿k efiffnfO{ lnlka4 ug{'k5{ eg]/ ljleGg clwj]zg
/ sfo{zfnflt/ k|:tfjgf NofPsf] lyof] . o;cg'¿k @)$&
sf] sf7df8f}+ dxflwj]zgn] v]df lnlknfO{ dfGotf lbOof] .
otf of] lnlkaf/] u'¿ª efiffljb\ tyf lnlksf/ afn
g/l;+x u'¿ªHo"sf] dGtJo o:tf] lyof], …xfdLn] s] cg'ej u/]sf
5f}+ eg] u'¿ª efiffnfO{ g]kfnLdf pRrf/0f u/fpg ufx|} 5 To;}n]
xfdL cfkm\g} lnlksf] vf]hLdf nflu k/]sf 5f}+ . cfkm\g} df}lns
lnlk / efiffdf k':ts k|sfzg ug{ kfP ;lhnf] x'g] lyof].Ú
o;}n] @)$& df g]kfnsf] ¿kGb]xL lhNnfaf6 u'¿ª hfltsf]
j+zfjnL :j 6]sg Kx}d" u'¿ªsf] lgb{]zgdf k|sfzg ePsf] …
So]n{f]’ lnlksf] cefjsf] sf/0f b]jgfu/Ldf k|sfzg ePsf] tYo
xfdL kfpF5f}+ . kl5 @)$(–%) b]lv eg] g]kfnsf] u'¿ª afx'No
hUufx¿af6 ;+:yfsf] dfWodaf6 kqklqsflt/ km6fs km'6's
v]df lnlksf] x:tlnlks n]vx¿ 5flkg ;'¿ u/]sf] k|dfl0fs
n]vx¿ kfpF5f}+ .
g]kfndf z/0ffyL{ hLjg latfO/x]sf e"6fgL s]lx ;r]t
gful/s ju{n] klg efiff / v]df lnlkdf cWoog ul//x]sf]
cj:yfdf cfkm\gf] df}lns lnlkdf g} efiffsf] ;+/If0f / ;Daw{g
x'g] ljrf/ ljleGg kq klqsf dfkm{t 5flkPsf n]vx¿af6
hfgsf/L kfpF5f}+ .
otf !(($ df tTsflng e08f/L ;/sf/ ;QfRo't
ePkl5 jt{dfg ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf] /fhg}lts jrg k"/f ub{} u'¿ª,
/fO{, z]k{f, tfdfª, du/, g]jf/ / d'lvof efiff;Fu ;DalGwt
lnlknfO{ 27 dfr{ 1997-df ;/sf/L cflwsfl/s dfGotf k|bfg
u¥of] . dfGotf;+u;+u} efiff ljsf;sf] Pp6f /fd|f] jftfj/0f
;[hgf eof] / efiff ljsf;sf] lglDt sf]if klg k|bfg ul/GYof] .
o;cGtu{t v]df lnlksf] dxTj a9]/ klg uof] clg ;+;f/d}
v]df lnlk / u'¿ª efiffn] ;/sf/L dfGotf kfPsf] :yfg l;lSsd
xf] . h'g P]ltxfl;s dflgPsf] 5 . of] s'/fnfO{ yk k'li6 ug{
v]df lnlksf/ >L afn gf/l;+x u'¿ªHo"n] …td" Xo'n 5f]+h wLF’
u'?ª /fli6«o kl/ifbsf] kIfaf6 cfkm\gf] dGtJo /fVb} eGg'x'G5,
lnlk
æv]df lnlksf] hGd g]kfndf eof] t/ o;nfO{ x's{fpg] a9fpg]
/ kfng kf]if0f l;lSsdaf6 ePsf] 5 . h'g ljZjsf u'¿ªx¿sf]
lglDt v';Lsf] s'/f xf] .Æ l;lSsd ;/sf/n] efiffsf] ljsf; ug{
ljleGg txaf6 jftfj/0f pknAw u/fPsf] 5 . dfgj ;+;fwg
ljsf; ljefun] 2002, 2004 / 2008- df lzIfs lgo'Qm u/]/
lzIf0f k4ltdf Pp6f csf]{ dfOnv'l§ ufl8lbPsf] 5 .
o;/L g} l;lSsd ljwfg ;efdf klg ;g\ 1995-df
cg'jfbs lgo'Qm u/]sf] 5 eg] ;"rgf tyf hg ;Dks{ ljefudf
klg efiffsdL{ lgo'Qm ul/Psf] 5 . o; qmddf ;dosf] dfu /
hgcfsf+Iffsf] ;"rgfk|ltsf] a9\bf] cfsif{0fnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/
;"rgf ljefun] cfkm\gf] j]a;fO6, 6\jL6/, km];a's csfp06,
x]/n\8 Pk / o"6"jdf ;dfrf/ a'n]l6g k|;f/0f z'¿sf] 5 . o;sf
;fy} ljefun] efiffsf] ljsf;sf ;fy} OG6/g]6 / df]afOn
kmf]gdfkm{t hghgsf] xftdf hfgsf/L k'¥ofpg] sfd ;'¿ u/]sf]
5 . u'¿ª efiff ljsf;df of] Pp6f ;/fxgLo sbd cl3 a9]sf]
5 . h;cGtu{t of] ljZjs} OG6/g]6 / df]afOn d}qL ljBfyL{b]lv
lnP/ o'jf, jo:s ;a}n] xft}df u'¿ª efiffsf] ;dfrf/ k9\g,
;'Gg / x]g{ ;Sg] k|of]hg 5 . To;f] t u'¿ª efiff sYo efiff
ePsf]n] 7"nf 7"nf k':ts n]Vg / kfpg g;ls/x]sf] cj:yf
lyof] eg] clxn] sd;]sd efiffsf] ;dfrf/ n]Vo k/Dk/fdf
z'¿ ug{ l;lSsd ;/sf/, ljefu / ;DalGwt JolQm cyjf
sd{rf/Lsf] 7"nf] of]ubfg /x]sf] pNn]v ug{ ;lsG5 .
ljleGg ;d:ofx¿nfO{ h;f]t;f] ;dfwfg ub{} cl3 a9\g'
g} u'¿ª efiffsf] ljsf;qmd cl3 a9]sf] / o;nfO{ cem cl3
a9fpg ;+3;+:yf / x/]s JolQmsf] st{Jo aGb5 . o;f] u/] dfq
ljBfno, dxfljBfno / ljZjljBfno;Dd cWoog ug{ kfpg]
jftfj/0f tof/ x'g ;S5 . clxn] ef/ts} Oltxf;df l;lSsd
;/sf/n] n'Ktk|fo efiffx¿sf] ;+/If0f / ;Djw{g ug{] h'g lg0f{o
lnof] o;n] u'¿ª efiffsf] cl:tTj;Fu} u'¿ª hfltsf] lrgf/L
lbg] sfd u/]sf] 5 eg] hghfltsf] dfudf of] klg yk dfkb08
xf] . of] dxt lg0f{o / pbf/ gLltn] l;lSsd /fHo cfh ef/tsf]
hlt klg k|ltli7t ljZjljBfnox¿af6 efiff ;+:s[lt / lnlkdf
zf]wsfo{ ug{] ljBfyL{x¿ 5g\ . pgLx¿sf] lglDt zf]wsf] pQd
s]G› ePsf] sL6fgsf ;fy eGg ;lsG5 . ;fob l;lSsd afx]s
ef/tsf s'g} klg /fHo ;/sf/n] u'¿ª efiff / lnlknfO{ dfGotf
k|bfg ub{5 eg] Tof] t ;'gdf ;'uGw g} x'g] 5 . t/ of] ;a} ug{
b[9 /fhg}lts OR5fzlQmsf] cfjZostfsf] vfFrf] kb{5 .
jt{dfgdf l;lSsddf u'¿ª efiffdf hDdf #) j6f
kf7zfnfdf u'¿ª efiff dft[efiffsf] ¿kdf u'¿ª ljBfyL{sf]
lglDt clgjfo{ u/]/ sIff bz;Dd cWoog eO/x]sf] cj:yf
5 . l;lSsd ;/sf/ clwg:y /fHo ljZjljBfnosf lzIff
lgb{]zsn] dxfljBfno / ljZjljBfnodf cWoog ug{ ;lsg]
of]hgf ;kmn u/fpg] kxn eO/x]sf] 5 . o;f] x'Fbf l5d]sL
/fHo klZrd a+ufnsf] bfhL{lnª, sflnDaf]ª, l;nu9L If]qsf
12 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

u'¿ª efiffk|]dL ljBfyL{n] lzIffh{g ug{ ;lsg] eflifs jftfj/0f
alg/x]sf] 5 . cfh l;lSsds} u'¿ª efiffsf] kf7\ok':tsnfO{
cfwf/ agfP/ g]kfnsf] s]xL 7fpFdf u'¿ª efifL ljBfyL{x¿ klg
cWoog ul//x]sf 5g\ .
u'¿ª efiffsf] ljsf; / af]nrfnsf] qmdsf] s'/f ug'{
eGbf klxnf u'¿ª hfltsf] klxrfg ag]sf] …/f]wLF’ zAbnfO{
af]nrfnsf] dfWod efiff dfGg'k5{ . /f]wLF zAb u'¿ª efiffaf6
pTklt ePsf] zAb xf] / of] b'O{ cIf/sf] ;lGw -/f]+ wLF=/f]wLF_
af6 ag]sf] xf] . …/f]’ sf] cy{ a'Gg' cyjf ;'Tg' …wLF’ sf] cy{ 3/
a'lemG5 . o;/L /f]wLFsf] zflAbs cy{ cfwf/af6 x]b{f o;af6
b'O{cf]6f cy{ nfUg ;S5 . Pp6f cy{ a'Gg] 3/ / csf]{ ;'Tg]
3/ xf] . k|frLg o'udf ufpF3/df sk8f a'Gg] cfw'lgs d]lzg
pknAw gePsf] sf/0f cfkm\g} 3/df tfg /fvL vfbL, kf+uf,
:of+af, aSv', /f8L, kfvL cflb j:qx¿ cfkm} a'g]/ nufpg]
rng lyof] h'g ufpF3/sf a'Gg l;kfn' lbbLalxgLx¿ e]nf
eO /f]wLFd} tfg yfkL a'Gg] rng a:of] . To;/L g} ufpFdf s'g}
a'9fa'9Ldfq eO{ 5f]/f5f]/L gePsf] cj:yfdf To; 3/nfO{ /f]wLF
agfpg] ul/GYof] / kl5 To; 3/sf] a[4 bDkltsf] b]xfj;fg kl5
3/ aGb gxf];\ egL /f]wLF;fl/ o'jf o'jtL e]nf eO{ enf s';f/L
ug{], uLt ufpg] / gfRg] ub{} yfs]/ ToxL+ ;'Tg] rngn] /f]wLFnfO{
;'Tg] 3/ elgPsf] k|df0f kfOG5 .
o;/L /f]wLFsf] a;fOn] u'¿ª o'jf o'jtLdf cfkm\gf]
;Dks{ efiff / uLtx¿ klg cfkm\g} efiffdf ufpFb} hfFbf efiff
af]Ng] ljsf; ePsf] xfdL a'em\g ;S5f}+ . otf 3'dGt] o'udf
s[lifhGo 7fpF x]b{} ef/t, e'6fg k;]sf u'¿ªx¿n] klg cfkm\gf]
efiff, ;+:s[lt / /Lltl/jfh ;Fu} lnP/ cfPsf]n] e]8f / u'¿ª
Ps csf{sf] kof{o ePsf] pbfx/0f k|z:t} 5 . e]+l8vs{x?lt/
uf]7fnfx¿n] cfkm\gf] e]+8fx¿sf] u0fgf / pwf}nL pFef}nLsf] j0f{g
uLtsf] dfWodaf6 efiffdf ufOGYof] / e]8f r/0fdf uf]7fnf]x¿sf]
;Dks{ efiff cfkm\g} efiff x'GYof] . o;/L hxfF hxfF u'¿ªx¿n]
cfkm\gf] a:tL a;fn] ToxfF /f]wLFsf] rng n'Ktk|fo g} eP tfklg
tfg, r/vf, :oflª, rfSnf] cflb zAb eflifs ¿kdf clxn]
c¿ hftn] a'em\g] / af]Ng] u/]sf] kfOG5, eg] …xg .. t'F t d]/f]
cfkm\g} kf] /};,Ú …u}l/ ufFpsf] emf]+s] lg df]l/; .Ú egL nfdf]
efsf tfg]/ af]n]sf] ;'g]/ klg of] u'?ª g} eg]/ 7Dofpg s;}nfO{
a]/ nfUb}g . la:tf/} c¿ hft;Fu s'6'Da a9\b} hfFbf / chft
cfdfsf] efiff / ;+:s[ltsf] k|efjn] u'¿ª efiffsf] af]nrfn
Go"g x'Fb} uPsf] xf] eGg ;lsg] y'k|} pbfx/0fx? kfOG5 . o;sf]
cWoog g]kfnsf] 3gf u'¿ª ufpF / cfkm\g} ;xhfLt cfdfsf]
t'ngfdf chft cfdf ePkl5 eflifs / ;f+:s[lts k|efj xfjL
ePsf] oy]i6 k|df0f 5 . ToxL eP tfklg …/f]wLF’ …n's'gL’, 5f/k],
e';], rfSnf] cflb ;f+:s[lts cf}hf/sf] k|of]un] oL eflifs
zAbx? cem} klg k|of]udf 5 .
l;lSsddf ef/tsf] hg u0fgf 1901, 1951 clg
lnlk
2001 cg';f/ u'¿ª efiffnfO{ cfkm\gf] dft[efiff clg af]Ng]sf]
;+Vof Psbd} Go'g e]l6Psf] 5 . jif{ 1921-df Pshgf, 1961-
df hDdf ^% hgf u'¿ª dft[efiff af]Ng] egL Gazetteer of
Sikkim 2013-df clÍt ul/Psf] 5 . jif{ 2001-df klg
ef/t ;/sf/sf] hgu0fgf ePsf] lyof] t/ g]jf/L, du/, ;'g'jf/
efiff;Fu} u'¿ª efiff af]Ng]sf] cfFs8f k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5}g .
ef/tLo efiff ;DalGwt ;j{]If0fsf] 2009-sf] ;j{]If0fcg';f/
u'¿ª efiff k|of]u ug{]sf] ;+Vofdf lu/fj6 ePsf] tYo phfuf/
u/]sf] 5 . of] lu/fj6sf] y'k|} sf/0fx¿ dWo] Pp6f ljz]if sf/0f
xf] 1975 df ef/t u0f/fHodf l;lSsd /fi6«sf] ljnokl5
ePsf] Jofks ptf/r9fpx¿ h:t} cfly{s ultlzntf, ;fOj/
cftÍjfb, clwefjL clg 7"nf] ldl8of hf]lvd cflbn] u'¿ª
efifLx¿ klg d'Vo ;Dks{ efiff g]kfnL af]Ng z'¿ u/]sf] cg'dfg
nufOG5 . u'¿ª efiff af]nrfnsf] qmd vl:sg' hftLo cl:tTj
vt/fdf kg{' xf] . ha efiff af]lnFb}g / ;Dks{df cfpFb}g ta
o'jf k':tfdf x:tfGt/0f x'Fb}g . df}lvs ¿kdf afFr]sf] efiffnfO{
n]Vo k/Dk/fdf 9fNg efiffljbx¿n] 7"n} s;/t ug{'kg{] b]lvG5 .
lnlkn] efiff aFrfpF5, efiffn] ;+:s[lt, l/ltl/jfh, k/Dk/f /
hflt arfpF5 / hflt arfpg ;fj{ef}lds ?kdf ;a} Ps /
;r]t x'g' cTofjZos 5 .
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
td" ;+;f/ 13

JolQm JolQmTj
;fdflhs sfddf lg/Gt/ cl3 a9\b} b'uf{ ldng td"
– ldgf yfkf du/÷kf]v/f
ldng kmfp08]zg / b'uf{axfb'/ u'?ª -ldng_ gfd
g;'Gg] ;fob sd} xf]nfg\ . ;+:yfut ?kdf ldng kmfp08];gn]
;fdflhs If]qdf h] hlt ;]jf ub}{ cfPsf] 5 Tof] eGbf klg w]/}
JolQmut ?kdf ;fdfh ;]jfdf b'uf{ axfb'/ u'?ªsf] of]ubfg 7'nf]
5 . x'g t ;fdflhs If]qdf pxfFsf afaf klg plQs} ;lqmo
x'g'x'GYof] . ;dfh;]jL afafsf] k|]/0ff / kfl/jfl/s jftfj/0fsf
sf/0f ;fdflhs sfo{df ?rL a9]sf] u'?ª atfpg'x'G5 .
afaf g/axfb'/ u'?ª / cfdf ;fljqL u'?ªsf] sf]vaf6
;g\ !(^& df kj{t lhNnfsf] afh'ª uflj;df hGdg'ePsf u?ª
^ hgf lbbLalxgL larsf] PSnf] 5f]/f] x'g'x'G5 . a[l6; cfdL{af6
l/6fo8{ ePkl5 afaf g/axfb'/ u'?ª ufpFsf] j8fWoIf x'g'eof] .
;fdflhs sfo{df ;w}+ cu|;/ u'?ª kl/jf/n] g]kfnsf ljleGg
b'u{d a:tLdf ljleGg If]qdf ;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . cfˆg}
ufpFsf] l;4fy{ k|fylds ljBfno lgdf{0fdf afaf gu/axfb'/
u'?ªsf] 7"nf] of]ubfg /x]sf] 5 . afafsf] ;fdflhs efjgfaf6
k|]l/t eP/ ;dfh;]jfdf g} ;dlk{t u'?ª eGg'x'G5 ædflg;
;fdflhs k|f0fL ePsf]n] cfˆgf] nflu dfq xf]Og ;dfhs} nflu
afFRg'k5{ / ;dfhs} nflu ug{'k5{ eGg] p2]Zon] d ;dfh ;]jfdf
nfu]sf] x'F .Æ
x'gt pxfFsf] sfo{If]q xªsª xf] . ljb]zdf /x]/ klg
cfˆgf] dft[e"ld / hGde"ldsf] nflu s]xL ug{ rfxg] u'?ªnfO{
ljb]zdf /x]/ dft[e"lddf ;]jf ug{ s]xL cK7\of/f] dxz'; ePg .
;g\ !((^ df xªsª k'u]sf u'?ª ToxfFsf] Jo:t ;do / cfˆgf]
8\o'6Lsf] cnjf xªsªdf klg ljleGg ;fdflhs ;+3;+:yfdf
lqmoflzn x'g'x'G5 . pxfF ldng kmfp08]zg g]kfnsf ;+/Ifs
x'g'x'G5 . To;}u/L ldng t]SjfGbf] 8f]hfª afh'ªsf ;+:yfks,
g]kfn cflbjf;L hghflt dxf;ª xªsªsf pkfWoIf, u'?ª
lkmNd Pzf]lzP;g xªsªsf ;Nnfxsf/ / afh'ª ;dfh
xªsªsf cWoIf ;d]t x'g'x'G5 . g]kfndf cfˆg} ;+:yf ldng
kmfp08]zg lqmoflzn 5 eg] xªsªdf klg ljleGg ;+3;+:yfdf
pxfFsf] lqmoflzntf plQs} 5 .
pxfFsf a[4f afaf, >LdtL u+ufdfof, 5f]/f ljqmd,
a'xf/L c~hgf, 5f]/L lahof, gflt tyf ;–kl/jf/ xªsªdf
g} 5g\ . kl/jf/sf] ;fy / ;xof]un] ;fdflhs sfo{df nfUg
cfkm"nfO{ phf{ ldn]sf] pxfF atfpg'x'G5 . ;dfh;]jfnfO{ cfkm\
gf]sd{ dfGg] u'?ª eGg'x'G5 æljbfsf] lbg tyf sfdaf6 ar]sf]
;dodf ;fyLefO e]63f6 tyf ;fdflhs sfo{df ;xefuL x'G5' .
hlt Jo:t / ysfg ePklg ;fdfhsf] nflu / g]kfnLx?sf]
nflu ;]jf ug{ kfpFbf cf/fd ldn]sf] dxz'; x'G5 .Æ
u'?ªn] ldng kmfp08]zg :yfkgf ug{'cl3 lj=;+= @)&)
;fndf cfˆgf] hGdynf] afh'ªdf …Ps 3/ Ps wf/fÚ sfo{qmdsf
nflu ?= rf/ nfv gub ;xof]u ug{'ePsf] 5 . !& nfvsf] pQm
of]hgf ;DkGg u/fO u'?ªn] vfg]kfgL pkef]Qmf ;ldlt agfP/
;d'bfonfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug{'eof] . o;}u/L @)&! ;fndf ;fljs
afh'ª uflj;df $@ nfvsf] nfutdf lzjfno dlGb/ lgdf{0f
eof] . pQm dlGb/ lgdf{0fsf] nflu u'?ª kl/jf/ PSn}n] !& nfv
?k}ofF ;xof]u u¥of] . ;f]xL jif{ l;4fy{ k|f=lj= df # sf]7] ejg
agfOlbP . nfoG; Snj ckm df]bLsfnL kj{tsf] cGt/fl{\i6«o
sfo{qmd ;+of]hs x'Fbf u'?ªn] s'Zdf ahf/df cfFvf lzlj/ ;d]t
;~rfng ug{'ePsf] lyof] . oL afx]s u'?ª kl/jf/n] ljleGg
7fpFsf af6f3f6f lgdf{0f sfo{df klg plQs} ;xof]u u/]sf] 5 .
JolQmut ?kdf ljleGg If]qdf ;xof]u ub}{ cfpg'ePsf
u'?ªn] cfˆg} kxndf lj=;+= @)&! ;fndf kj{t lhNnf
k|;fzgdf ldng kmfp08];g gfds ;+:yf btf{ u/L u/]/ g]kfnsf
u|fld0f a:tLdf ljz]ifu/L lzIff tyf :jf:Yo If]qdf ;xof]u ub}{
cfPsf] 5 . u'?ª pQm ;+:yfsf] ;+/Ifs x'g'x'G5 eg] cWoIfdf
b'uf{sL >LdtL u+uf u'?ª x'g'x'G5 . Ps ;Nnfxsf/, Ps
;/+Ifs;lxt !# hgf kmfpG8]zgsf] l6ddf 5g\ . kmfpG8]zgdfkm{t
14 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

JolQm JolQmTj
u'?ªn] lrtjgsf] k;f{df cGtbf]o ldng t]SjfGbf] 8f]hfª
:yfkgf u/]/ ToxfFsf ! ;o @) hgf ljBfyL{nfO{ kf];fs tyf
v]ns'b ;fdu|Lx? klg x:tfGt/0f ug{'ePsf] 5 . :yfgLo r]kfª
ljBfyL{x? dfq cWoog/t ;f] ljBfnodf $ nfv a/fa/sf]
lhG;L ;xof]u ug'{ePsf] 5 .
o;}u/L kmfpG8]zgsf] kxndf kfNkf ;'?d 8fF8fdf
cjl:yt dx]G› cfwf/e"t k|fylds ljBfnodf ldng
k':tsfnosf] :yfkgf ug{'sf ;fy} ljBfyL{nfO{ o'lgkmd{, sDo'6/,
lk|G6/ u/L % nfv a/fa/sf] ;xof]u k|bfg ul/;s]sf] 5 eg]
ut jif{ !@@ hgf cWoog/t ljBfyL{, lzIfs tyf sd{rf/LnfO{
8]8 nfv a/fa/sf] :jL6/ tyf 6f]kL ljt/0f ;d]t u/]sf] lyof] .
kmfp08]zgsf] ;xof]un] ljBfyL{ / ljBfnosf] cj:yfdf lgs}
;'wf/ cfPsf]df cfkm"x?nfO{ xif{ / uj{ nfu]sf] ljBfnosf
k|wfgfWofks bnaxfb'/ l;+hfnLn] u'?ªk|lt xflb{s cfef/ k|s6
;d]t u/]sf 5g\ .
kmfpG8]zgn] kj{tsf] df]bL ufpFkflnsfsf afh'ª
:jf:Yo rf}sLnfO{ c:ktfnhGo pks/0fx?, XjLnlro/, :6]r/,
On]S6«f]lgs An8k|];/ d]l;g, cf}iflwx? k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . of]
jif{ kmf]6f]skL, :Soflgª d]l;gx? k|bfg u/]sf] u'?ªn] hfgsf/L
lbP . o;}u/L cfˆgf] ufpFdf 8:6ljg ljt/0f u/L ;kmf / :jR5
gd'gf ufpFsf] ?kdf lrgfpg'ePsf] 5 . pxfFsf] x/]s sfo{df
:yfgLoaf;Lx?sf] ;fy / ;xof]u ldn]sf] atfpg'x'G5 . o;}u/L
u'?ªsf] ;xof]u / of]ubfgsf sf/0f cfkm"x?sf] hLjgofkgdf
;'wf/ / ufpFs} ljsf; ePsf]df pgLx? klg v';L 5g\ . o;}u/L
pxfFn] kj{tsf] Hofld/]b]lv rf}tf/f;Dd hf]8\g] 8]9 ;o ld6/sf]
df]6/af6f] lgdf{0f ug'{ePsf] 5 . pxfFn] $ nfv nufgLdf lgdf0f{
ePsf] pQm af6f] !! ld6/ rf}8f, 8]9 ;o ld6/ nfdf] 5 . pQm
af6f]sf gfd ldng ky /flvPsf] 5 . df]6/af6f]sf] ;'ljwf gx'Fbf
ToxfFsf afl;Gbfn] ;f:tL v]Kg'k/]sfn] cfkm\g] PSn} k|of;df
ePklg pQm sfo{ u/]sf] pxfF atfpg'x'G5 .
kmfpG8]zgn] ljz]ifu/L kj{t, sf:sL, ndh'ª, uf]vf{,
kfNkf clg afUn'ªsf b'u{d a:tLx?df ;]jf k'¥ofO;s]sf] 5 .
u'?ª kl/jf/sf] ;fd'lxs nufgL / k|of;af6 ;~rflnt ldng
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
kmfp08];gn] :jf:Yo / lzIffsf] If]qdf lg/Gt/ ;xof]u hf/L
/fVg] / cem k|efjsf/L sfo{qmdx? ug]{ of]hgf /x]sf] 5 .
%) nfvsf] cIfo sf]if :yfkgf u/]/ ldng
kmfpG8]zgnfO{ bL3{sfnLg ?kdf ;~rfng u/fpg u'?ª kl/jf/
nfluk/]sf] 5 . of] jif{ …ldng 6«i6Ú :yfkgf u/]/ !) nfv ?k}
ofF ;+sng ul/;s]sf] 5 .
cfk\mgf] hftLo ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[ltdf em'sfj /fVg]
b'u{faxfb'/ cfkm\gf] efiff ;+:sf/;+:s[lt ;+/If0fsf] nflu klg
plQs} nfUg'ePsf] 5 . cfkm\gf] efiff, ;+:sf/ ;+:s[lt efjL
k':tfnfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug]{ p2]Zo]n] pxfFn] cfkm\g} nufgLdf rnlrq
lgdf{0f ug'{ePsf] 5 . ldng 8LhL OG6/g];gn k|fln gfds cfkm\g}
k|f]8S;g xfp; vf]n]/ k|flnaf6 xfn;Dd tLgj6f lkmNdx?
lgd{f0f ug'{ePsf] 5 . an]gL rnlrq 8LhL OG6/g];gnsf]
klxnf] k|:t'lt xf] . u'?ª ;+:sf/, ;+:s[ltdf cfwfl/t rnlrq
So' Kx|f] 5] -e]8L uf]7fn]_ bf];|f] / t];|f]df afh'ª ef}uf]lns
tyf ;f+:s[lts j[Qlrq /x]sf] 5 . ;a} rnlrqsf sfo{sf/L
lgd{ftf cfkm}+ x'g'x'G5 . rnlrq k|bz{gaf6 p7]sf] /sd klg
;fdflhs sfo{d} vr{ ug'{ePsf] 5 . rnlrq zf] u/]afktsf]
/sd kmfpG8]zgn] glnPsf] a? Rofl/6L cfof]hs ;+:yfnfO{ g}
;xof]u ub}{ cfpg'ePsf] 5 .
;dfh / /fHosf nflu hLjge/ nflukg]{ c7f]6
lng'ePsf u'?ª xªsªdf b'Mv u/]/ sdfPsf] /sdsf] s]xL
c+z ePklg ;fdflhs sfo{df ;xof]u ug{ kfpFbf v';L / uj{
nfu]sf] atfpg'x'G5 . kmfpG8]zg dfkm{t ;fdflhs sfo{x?df
vr{ dfq xf]Og, ljleGg sfo{qmdx? u/]fkt /fHonfO{ s/;d]t
ltb{} cfpg'ePsf] 5 .
/fHon] ug'{kg]{ sfo{ Pp6f JolQmn] ubf{ klg p;sf]
of]ubfgnfO{ /fHon] sb/ ug{ g;s]sf]df pxfFsf] u'gf;f] 5 .
;fdflhs sfo{ ubf{ b'uf{axfb'/ u'?ªnfO{ cg]s cf/f]k k|Tof/f]k
klg gcfPsf xf]Ogg\ t/ ;a} cfnf]rsx?sf] k|ZgnfO{ pxfFn]
cfkm\gf] sfo{ / bIftfn] 5fk8 lbg'ePsf] 5 . u'?ª eGg'x'G5 æd}
n] ;dfhsf] nflu s]xL ug{ ;s]+eg] d afFRg'sf] cy{ x'G5, To;}
n] d}n] cfkm";Fu w]/} bf}nt eP/ c?nfO{ ;xof]u u/]sf] xf]Og,
cfkm"n] sdfPsf] /sdsf] s]xL c+z dfq ;dfh ;]jfdf nufgL
u/]sf] x'F . h;n] h] h;/L ;S5 To;/L g} ;dfhsf] nflu ug]{
xf] eg] oxfF hf] sf]xL klg alQd'lgsf] cWof/f]df afFRg' kb}{g .Æ
;fFRr} cfh pxfFn] ubf{ s}of}+ b[i6L u'dfPsfx?n] pHofnf] Hof]tL
kfPsf 5g\, gfª\uf afnaRrfx?n] Ps;/f] ePklg nfpg kfPsf
5g\, ckfª\utfx?n] ;fxf/f kfPsf 5g\, b'u{d e]usf ljBfyL{x?n]
ljleGg v]ns'b ;fdfu|L tyf sDKo'6/sf] ;]jf ;'ljwf kfPsf 5g\
. ;dfhdf o:tf ;xof]uL efjgf ePsf JolQmx? sd} e]l6G5g\ .
o:tf JolQmx?nfO{ ;a}n] k|f]T;fxg ug'{kb{5 / /fHon] klg
pgLx?sf] of]ubfgsf] sb/ ug'{kb{5 .
td" ;+;f/ 15

Oltxf;
td" hfltsf] pTklQ tyf ljsf;sf]
;+lIfKt Oltxf;
dfgjsf] pTklQ lzsf/L o'u, s[lif o'u, ;Eotfsf]
ljsfz, a;fO{ ;/fO{ h:t} td" hftLsf] pTklQ / ljsfzaf/]
eGg'kbf{ cfheGbf %) jif{ cl3 ;Dd td" hftLsf] lnlvt
b:tfj]h gePsf]n] Oltxf;} 5}g eGg] ;Ddsf] l:ylt lyof] t/
o; lardf xfd|f] wd{ u'?sf] :d[ltufyf -Ko]_ sf] j0f{g td"
lj4fgx?sf] k|of;n] s]lx hfgsf/Lx? k|sfzdf cfPsf] 5
eg] yk cfpFb} klg 5g . td" hftLsf] pTklQ tyf oL hftLx?
g]kfn e"lddf sxfFaf6 cfPsf x'g eGg] af/]df rf/ a]Unfa]Un}
dt kfOG5 M
!_ td"x? u08s If]qdf cfpg' eGbf cl3 d+uf]lnofaf6 rLg,
ltAat x'Fb} klxn] ef/tdf a;f]af; ul/ sfnfGt/df u08s If]q
k|j]z u/]sf] atfOG5 .
@_ td"x? st}af6 cfPsf xf]Ogg\ g]kfns} kxf8L If]qdf pTklQ
/ ljsf; eP/ ;g\ !!)) eGbf klxnf g} u08s If]qdf /fHo
:yfkgf u/]sf] atfOG5 .
#_ g]kfnsf] ajzfjnLdf td"x? ef/t sGgf}haf6 cfPsf
cfo{ x'g eg]sf 5g\ .
$_ ax';+Vos td" lj4fgx? d+uf]lnofaf6} rLg, ltJat x'b}
g]kfnsf] d':tfª, dgfªaf6 u08s k|b]z k|j]z u/]sf] ljZjf;
u5{g .
pk/f]St rf}yf] cjwf/0ff cg';f/ cfheGbf cf7, gf} xhf/ jif{
klxn]af6 g} td" ;Eotfaf/] aofg u/]sf] kfOG5 . tTcg';f/
td"sf k'vf{x? gf} xhf/ jif{ klxn] d+uf]lnofdf b]vf k/] kl5
æ5f]Æ gf;f eGg] 7fpF -;'Gb/ tfnsf] 5]pdf_ klxnf] a:tL a;fnL
pjf -ux'F h:tf]_ cGg pdf/]sf] j0f{g 5 . To;kl5 td"x?
la:tf/} æ;Æ gf;f æTxf]æ gf;f æ;LÆ gf;f / æs|f]Æ gf;f x'b}
blIf0f lt/sf] Gofgf] / pj{/f e"ld tkm{ cl3 a9]s]f pNn]v 5 .
gf;fsf] cy{ td" efiffdf ufpF xf] . 5f] gf;f eGg] 7fpF wfld{s
tj/n] kljq / s|f] gf;f s[lif pTkfbgsf] nflu pko'St ePsf]
elgPsf] 5 . pSt gf;fx? rLgsf] lSjgxfO{, l;r'of, o'jfg
k|fGtdf /x]sf] cg'dfg 5 . td"x? gf;f -ufpF_ df / ;d"xdf
a;f]af; u/]sf] b]lvPsf]n] xfd|f] k'vf{x? cf7 gf} xhf/ jif{
klxn] g} s[lifo'udf k|j]z u/]sf] k|dfl0ft x'G5 .
td"sf] So]nf]{ -pTklQ zf:q_ cg';f/ d+uf]lnofdf g}
gf}+ 8fF8fFdf gf} u'? / ;ft tfndf ;ft dftf -DxfF ªL_ pTklQ
eP/ td"sf] a+z rn]sf] eGg] ls+jbGtL 5 . d+uf]lnofdf tfnnfO{
g"/, rLgdf gf]/ / ltAatdf 5f] elgG5 .
td"sf] d[To' ;+:sf/df d[t JolQmsf] cfTdfnfO{
tfn} tfn ePsf] 7fpFdf v] gf;f
? u'dfgl;+x u'?ª
a'9flgns07–*,
sf7df08f}+
-lkt[ nf]s_ k'¥ofO{ cfˆgf] k"vf{x?sf]] cfTddf lng u/fpg]
eGg] ;]uf{ lut Oltxfl;s / dfld{s 5 . a;fO;/fOsf] s|ddf
td"x?sf] Ps ;d"x sf]sf]gf]/ -rLg_ af6 5ofDªf] eGg] 7fpF
-a;fO{ ;/fO{sf] d'n4f/ rf/ kfFr xhf/ jif{ k'/fgf] ufpF ePsf]
7fpF oxfF tLg gbLsf] lqj]0fL klg kg]{ 7fpF, k|frLg rLgsf] /]zd
dfu{sf] ldng laGb' kg]{ 7fpF_ eP/ l;ufT;] -clxn] g]kfnsf]
/;'jfu9L gfsfsf] pQ/df kg]{ 7fpF_ eP/ d':tfª k'u]sf] / csf]{
;d'x sf]sf]gf]/af6 nf]vf eGg] 7fpF -a|xdk'q gbLsf] ;]/f]km]/f] /
clxn] Nxf;f cGt/fli6«o ljdfg :yn glhs_ eP/ l;ufT;]df
b'j} ;d'x e]6 eP/ d':tfª cfPsf] elgG5 . o;} ;d"xsf GofqL
rGkf] -gf]rgsf !#cf}+ k':tf_ n] O{zf k'j{ #)) tfsf n]fvfsf]
/fhf eP/ /fHo u/]sf] j0f{g kfOG5 . d+uf]lnofaf6 td"nfO{
d':tfª -yfsvf]nf_ k'Ug kfFr, 5 xhf/ jif{ / b'O{, tLg ;o
k':tf nfu]sf] x'g ;S5 .
l;+ufT;]af6 Ps ;d'x jt{dfg afUdtL If]q k|j]z u/]sf
td"hftLx? sfnfGt/df tfdfª sxlnP / yfsvf]nf k'u]/ Tolx
a;]sf td"x? ysfnL ag]sf] Oltxf; 5 . oL b'O{ ;d'x td"af6
tLg xhf/ jif{ klxn] 5'l§Psf] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . yfsvf]nf
-l7gL UoN;f_ af6 ax';+Vos td"x? ;g\ !%))–@))) lt/
sf:sL lhNnfsf] Sxf]nf ;f]+y/ eGg] 7fpFdf a:tL -/fHo_
:yfkgf u/]sf] eugfjz]if clxn] ;Dd oyfjt 5 . Sjf]nfaf6
;g\ !)))–!%)) lt/ l;Sn]z -lrnLUoN;f_ sf] af6f] eP/
u08s k|b]zsf] cg]s If]qdf /fHo :yfkgf u/]sf] Oltxf; 5 .
u08s If]q eGgfn] clxn]sf] u08sL k|b]z cGt{ut sf:sL,
nDh'ª, uf]vf{, tgx'F, :ofªhf, kj{t, dgfª, d':tfª lhNnf
x'g . td"n] o; If]qdf k|j]z ubf{ o; If]qdf cGo s'g} hftLsf]
a;f]af; geP klg kmf6km'6 s';'08f hftL /x]sf] elgG5 .
ef/tdf ;g\ !#)) lt/ d'l:nd cfs|d0faf6 lj:yflkt
eO{ lxGb"x? g]kfnsf] t/fO{ If]q eP/ ;g\ !$))–!%)) df
u08sL k|b]z k|j]z u/L td"x?;Fu hDsf e]6 ePsf] lyof] .
7s'/L /fhf hulht vfg zfxn] cg]s if8oGq / hfg em]naf6
td" /fHosf] lj:yflkt u/L u08s k|b]zsf] w]/} If]q 7s'/L zfx
/fhfsf] cwLgdf k'Ug uof] . kl5 td"x? ;g\ !&))–!*)) df
16 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

7s'/L /fhf k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] uf]vf{nL ;]gfdf ;lDdlnt eO{
g]kfn Plss/0f s|ddf g]kfnsf] k'j{–klZrdsf cg]s 7fpFx?df
km}lng k'u]sf] b]lvG5 . lj=;= @)@@ ;fndf t/fO{df cf}nf]
pNd'ng eP kl5 td"x? t/fO{sf] ljleGg efudf k'u]sf 5g .
To:t} uf]vf{ elt{sf] s|ddf ef/tsf] l;nfª, b]x/fb'g, wd{zfnf
nufot ljleGg 7fpFdf k'Ug'sf] ;fy} td"x? l;+ufk'/, xªsª,
a]nfot cflb ljZjsf ljleGg b]zx?df a;f]af; ug{ k'u]sf
5g\ .
td" / u'?Ë Pp6} hftLnfO{ hgfpg] zAbx? x'g\ . ætÆ
sf] cy{ ah| cyjf dfly / æd'Æ sf] cy{ cfsfz xf] . To;}n]
td"sf] cy{ cfsfzsf] ah| ;lDemg' plrt x'g]5 . csf]{ egfO{df
Sjf]g] td"sf] a+zfjnL k|ltj]bg cg';f/ :ofªhf lhNnfsf] Ps
gfd rn]sf] j:tLsf] gfd u?xFaf6 sfnfGt/df u'?Ë ePsf]
ljZjf; ul/G5 . hft, kft, pFr, lgr, 5f]O{ l56f] gdfGg] s'n
wd{ / a'4 wd{ dfGg] td"x? lxGb'x?sf] ;Dks{df cfP kZrft
pgLx?sf] cfb]z, nfndf]x/ / Ps b]z, Ps wd{, Ps efiffsf]
gLltn] lxGb" wd{ dfGg afWo kfl/of] . of] s|d @)) jif{ / ;ft,
cf7 k':tf;Dd hf/L /xg uPsf]n] td"sf] efiff, wd{, ;+:s[lt /
O{ltxf; g} nf]k x'g] l:ytLdf k'u]sf] xfdL b]lv/x]sf 5f}+ .
clxn] g]kfn u0ftGq / wd{ lg/k]If /fHo ePsf]
5 . td" hftLx?n] dfGb} cfPsf] a'4wd{ / s'n -af]g_ wd{sf]
ljsf; / td"x?n] dfGb} cfPsf] rf8sf] klg cfsif{0f kl/kf6L
ldnfpg' / tTg';f/ dfGg' klg 5 . h;n] ubf{ xfd|f] td"x? cGo
hfltx?sf] wd{lt/ g9lNsof]; . td" hfltx?n] dfGb} cfPsf]
tyfkL dfGg] s|ddf /x]sf] rf8x? lgDg 5g\ M
!_ td" Nxf];f/ -!% kf}+if_, td" hfltsf] gofF jif{ km]l/g] / Nxf]
klg km]l/g] lbg . of] td"hftLsf] k|d'v rf8 xf] .
@_ df3] ;+s|fGtL -k|s[tL k"hf_ . of] kj{df wtL{, cfsf;, rGb|,
;"o{sf] k"hf ug]{ / jif{ lbgel/ ul/g] sfdsf] 3/ ;Nnfx tyf
of]hgf agfpg] lbg .
#_ df3 dlxgfsf] cf}+;L DxfF ªL k"hf . of] ;ft dftfsf] gfd
lnP/ ;fd"lxs k|fy{gf ug]{ dlxnfx?sf] kj{ xf] . of] lbg dlxnf
/ r]nLx?sf] ;'/Iff, dfg ;Ddfg ug]{ sfo{s|d agfpg] / ;+rfng
ug]{ ul/G5 . g]kfnu+h / td" Xo'n 5f]+h wL+ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf
lrjf÷cu'jfn] eGg] M
td" efiffdf
Oltxf;
of] kj{ dgfpFb} cfPsf] 5 .
$_ a}zfv k"l0f{df÷a'4 hoGtL M a'4 hlGdPsf] O{=k'= ^@# ,
1fg k|fKt u/]sf] O{=k'= %**, a'4 kl/lgjf{0f ePsf] O{=k'= %$# .
pSt 36gf 36]sf] ldlt km/s km/s ePtf klg ltyL Pp6} lyof]
Tof] xf] a}zfv k"l0f{df . of] kj{df a'4sf] zflGtsf] ;Gb]; lbg]
ljleGg sfo{s|dx? ul/G5 .
%_ c;f/ k"l0f{df M of] wd{rs| k|j{tg lbj; xf] . a'4n] a'4
uofdf 1fg k|fKt u/] kZrft ;f/gfy uP/ k|yd k6s cfkm'n]
k|fKt u/]sf] 1fg rf/ cfo{ ;To, ci7dfu{ / zLnaf/] kfFr
r]nfnfO{ k|jrg lbPsf] lbg . o;} lbg leIf'x?sf] tLg dlxg]
jiff{jf; klg k|f/De x'G5 .
^_ ;fpg] ;s|fGtL M -k|s[tL k'hf_, /f]u, Joflw, af9L klx/f]k|lt
;ts{tf k|ofj/0f z'4 /fVg] k|of; . j[Iff/f]k0f tyf ;'/Iff ug]{ .
&_ 6\xf] 6\x]F -ufFp k"hf_ M of] kj{ >fj0f dlxgfsf] clGtd
dËnaf/sf] lbg dgfOG5 . ufpF, 6f]nsf] ;'/Iffsf] pkfo ckgfpg]
. ljs[tL / lj;+utL x6fpg] h:tf sfo{s|dx? ug]{ . of]
kj{ r}q dlxgfdf klg dgfOG5 .
*_ cflZjg z'Sn ;KtdL M v]df -lkt[_ k"hf . of] k"hf vf;
u/L 3/df ul/G5 t/ clxn] kl/dflh{t ul/Psfn] 3/df, u'Daf
cyjf Sxf]Ojf]df sf6df/ gul/ lkq[nfO{ kmnkm"n, vfB kbfy{
r9fP/, alQ afn]/, ;fd"lxs k|fygf ug]{ ul/G5 . o;} kj{df
cf–cfkm\gf] k'vf{sf] avfg ug]{ h:tf k|ltof]lutf u/L gofF
;GttLx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] a+zsf] hfgsf/L u/fpg] klg ul/G5 . of]
k"hf g]kfnu+hdf ul/G5 .
(_ cflZjg k"l0f{df M leIf'x?sf] jif{fjf; ;dfKt x'g] lbg .
of] k"l0f{dfaf6 sflt{s k"l0f{df ;Dd sl7g rLj/ bfg sf] sfo{
ul/G5 a'4 wd{df bfgsf] 7"nf] dxTj 5 of] Ps dlxgfel/
leIf'÷nfdfnfO{ bfgug]{ ;df/f]x x'g] ub{5 .
!)_ :of]/L TxL+ M of] td"x?sf] rf8÷kj{ cfudgsf] ;"rgf lbg]
kj{ xf] . of] kj{ d+l;/ dlxgfsf] clGtd xKtfb]lv k'if dlxgfsf]
klxnf] xKtf;Dd ufpF÷6f]nsf a'9fkfsf, o'jfo'jtL e]nf eP/
nf}+ xfd|f] rf8 Nxf];f/, DxfF lª cflb cfof] eGb} hfgsf/L lbg'sf]
;fy} lgDtf] lbg], rGbf ;+sng ;d]t ug{ ;lsG5 . Ps k|sf/n]
b]p;L , e}nf] v]n] h:t} xf] .
;d"xn] eGg]
!_ :of]/L vhL 5\ofHofnf] :of]/L v]Ng cfof}+, gd:sf/ :o]f]/L vhLdf]
@_ Ro' lª Nxf] n} 5\ofHofnf] afx| ju{ cfof] gd:sf/ :o]f]/L vhLdf]
#_ DxfF ªL n}+ 5\ofHofnf] ;ft dftfnfO{ gd:sf/ :o]f]/L vhLdf]
$_ wL+ a] NSx] n} 5\ofHofnf] 3/ wgLnfO{ gd:sf/ :o]f]/L vhLdf]
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
td" ;+;f/ 17

Oltxf;
pk/f]St k|fy{gf kZrft cfkm\gf] tof/L cg';f/ gfr, ufg, snf, sf}zn cflb k|b{zg ul/;s]kl5 3/ kl/jf/af6 bfg
blIf0ff k|fKt kZrft lbg] df]no -cflz{jfb_ M
lrjfn]
;d'xn]
!_ ªof] wL+ DxL n} of] 3/ kl/jf/nfO{ 5\ofjf tlhu} -z'e xf];_
@_ ªof] wL+ DxL n} of] 3/ kl/jf/nfO{ XFofjf tlhu} -nfe xf];_
#_ ªof] wL+ DxL n} of] 3/ kl/jf/nfO{ s}8f] tlh u}+ -k|utL xf];_
$_ ªof] wL+ DxL n} of] 3/ kl/jf/nfO{ tfFg 5\ofld u}+ -;j{ d+un xf];_
pk/f]St rf8x?df s]lx gofF ?k lbg] k|of; ul/Psf]
5 . ;[li6 sfndf rf8sf] h'g ?k lyof] To;df w]/} kl/jt{g
ePsf] 5 . lxhf]cfh O{;fO{, d'l:ndx?n] xhf/f}+sf] ;+Vofdf ug]{
k|fy{gf kl5sf] ljsl;t ?k xf] h'g klxn] lyPg . cflbd o'udf
dfG5]sf] ;Dd anL lbOGYof] . To:t} r}t dlxgfsf] a8f bz}nfO{
c;f]h dlxgfdf ;f/]sf] xfdLnfO{ 1ft g} 5 . lzsf/L o'udf
s'g} rf8kj{ lyPg . s[lif o'u / ;d"xdf a:g nfu]kl5 dfgjn]
agfPsf rf8kj{x? x'g\ . rf8kj{df wfld{s k"hf, dfGohg tyf
kfl/jfl/s e]6ef6 cflb ul/G5 . rf8kj{df x'g hfg] ljs[tLnfO{
x6fpFb} hfg] / ;sf/fTds kIf yKb} hfg' / rf8kj{sf] vf]hL
lgtL u/L dfGg' klg td"x? s} st{Jo xf] .
td"x?sf] pTklQ / g]kfndf cfudgsf] s'/f M
!_ rLg, ltAat, ef/t xF'b} g]kfn lelqPsf] elgPsf]df ef/tsf]
s'g 7fpFdf a;f]af; u/]sf x'g\ < To; 7fpFdf s'g} cjz]if /
sf]xL ;GttL 5g\ <
@_ g]kfnd} pTklQ / ljsf; elgPsf] 5 . To;f] eP g]kfndf
ls/ft sfn / lnlR5jL sfndf td"x?sf] l:ylt s:tf] lyof] <
#_ ef/t sGgf}haf6 cfPsf cfo{sf ;Gtfg x'g eGg]df
td"x?nfO{ 7'nf] / ;fgf] agfP/ km'6fpg] if8oGq dfq b]lvG5 .
$_ rLg, ltAat, d':tfª, dgfª clg u08s If]qsf] klg
sl7g e'agf]6 ePsf] 7fpFdf cfpg lsg afWo x'g'k¥of] < rLg,
ltAatsf] Tof] If]qdf td" hfl dfly s'g} 7"nf] cfs|d0f eP/
lj:yflkt x'g' k/]sf] k|df0f kfOb}g . o:tf sltko ljifox? 5g\
h;sf] dfly uxg cg';Gwfg / vf]hsf] cfjZostf 5 . ltly
ldlt ;lxtsf] td" hfltsf] Oltxf; xfdLn] xfd|f ;GttLnfO{
lbg ;Sg'k5{ t;y{ o;tkm{ ;j}sf] Wofg hfg' h?/L 5 . td"sf]
Oltxf; c?n] vf]hL u/L b]nf / n]lvPnf eGg' 7'nf] e"n x'g]5 .
;Gbe{ >f]t M
!_ td" So]nf]{ -pTklQ zf:q_ M 6]sg Ax}Od' td"
@_ td" hfltsf] pTklQ / wd{ ;+:s[tL M xf]df td" ysfnL
#_ Sof]g] td"sf] a+zfjnL k|ltj]bg M Sjf]g] td" ;dfh
$_ td"sf] Oltxfl;s a[tfGt M 8f= hudfg td"
%_ td" kj{ / ;+:s[tL M jfng/l;x td" .
td" -u'?ª_ x?sf] dxfg kj{ kmf] Nxf];f/÷Nxf]5f/ -d[u ju{_ sf] kfjg cj;/df b]z tyf ljbz]df /xg'x'g]
;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL bfh'efO tyf lbbLalxgLx?df ;'v, zflGt, ;d[l4 Pj+ pQ/f]Q/ k|ultsf]
xflb{s d+undo z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .
Prem Gurung
98041-32124
9846513850
SUPER UNIQUE FILMS PVT. LTD.
Bhadrakali Chowk, Pokhara-13, 061-527174
E-mail- grg_love97@yahoo.com
c Film Shooting c Music Video c Editing c Design c Documentry
c Videography c Photography
18 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

;flxTo
;|:6f uf}/L td" / pxF“sf] ;d}+ b{afgLsf] ;dfnf]rgf
uf}/L td" ljut 8]9 bzscl3b]lv ;flxTo / ljljw
;flxlTos ultljlwx?df ;ls|o x'Fb} cfPsf o'jf dlxnf ;flxTosf/
x'g\ . logsf] hGd lj=;= @)#( ebf} dlxgfsf] @* ut] gjnk/f;L
lhNnfsf] u}F8fsf]6df a'jf 6]s axfb'/ / cfdf 5lndfof u'?ªsf]
dflxnL 5f]/Lsf] ?kdf hGd]sL x'g\ . logn] lqe'jg ljZjljBfnoaf6
g]kfnL ljifosf :gfQsf]Q/ tx -g]kfnL ;flxTo_ / Pn=Pn=lj=
-sfg'g_ cf}krfl/s lzIff dfkm{t klg ljljw ljifosf] cWoog
k"/f u/]sL 5g\ . lj=;= @)%& ;fnb]lv g} gjnk/f;Ldf cjl:yt
sflnsf Pkm=Pddf sfo{qmd ;~rflnsf eO{ sfd u/]sL 5g\ .
lg/Gt/ cWoog Pj+ s8f ldlxg]t kZrft lj=;= @)&) ;fnsf]
lzIfs ;]jf cfof]udf gfd lgsfNg ;kmn ePsL uf}/L td" xfn
;fd'bflos ljBfnodf lzIfssf] ?kdf cWofkg/t l5g\ .
g]kfnL ;flxTo cfsfzsf ;|i6x? dfFemdf uf}/L td"sf]
;ls|o ;xeflutf ljz]iftM @)&# r}qdf u'?ª ;flxlTos d~r
g]kfnsf] :yfkgf u/L o;sf] cWoIf eO{ ;flxlTos ultljlwx?
;~rfng ub}{ cfPsL l5g\ . ;d}F baf{gLnfO{ kf]v/f ln6«]r/ km]l:6en
a]:6 a's ckm lb Oo/ …d]njf b]jL u'?ª ;DdfgÚ -u'?ª efiffsf]
s[lttkm{_, b'wkf]v/L td" ;dfh kf]v/f af6 ? !) xhf/ gub
;lxt ;kmn gf/L ;Ddfg / td" Ko] Nx'F b'aO{af6 sb/–kq ;Ddfg
cflb k|fKt ePsf] 5 . ;fy} pgL @)&% ebf} @# ut]sf lbg …
cGt/Ë d'Qms /fli6«o ;Ddfg @)&%Ú af6 ;Ddflgt ePsL 5g\ .
kf]v/fsf] ;flxlTos klja[Qdf uf}/L td"n] pT;fxk"j{s pkl:ylt
b]vfO;s]sL l5g\ . pgL cfkm\gf] hftLo efiff / /fi6«efiff g]kfndf
;dfg ?kn] l;h{gzLn l5g\ . k|:t't d'Qms ;~rognfO{ d pgsf]
ax'eflifs r]tgfsf] ;do;fk]If k|of]u eG5' . hLjg / ;dfhsf
ljleGg /ªnfO{
pgn] rt'lbo
d'Qms :j?k
u/L Ps leGg /
p2]Zok"0f{ /rgf
wld{tf b]vfPsL
l5g\ . pgsf]
o; ;Tk|of;n]
eflifs
lgs6tfsf] b]z
lgdf{0f ug]{ nIo
lnPsL 5g\ . d
o; ;Tk|of;sf]
;/fxgf ub}
{ pQ/f]Q/
pGgogsf] sfdgf
ub{5' . ;?eQm
s'nklt -g=]=;+=
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
tyf gf=k|=k|=_
pgL l;h{gftkm{ d'Qms, syf,
sljtf, uLt, /rgf ;flxlTos kqsfl/tfsf]
lgsf;tkm{ ;dfg ?kdf ;ls|o x'Fb} cfPsL
? s]o/l;+x u'?ª
gf/L k|ltef x'g\ . long] xfn klg cfkmgf] 3fd|fª ndh'ª
;flxTo ofqf /f]s]sL 5}g . To;}n] g]kfnL ;flxTo l;h{gf /
td" ;flxTodf ;d]t logsf] of]ubfg lhDd]jf/Lk"0f{ b]lvG5 .
;flxTosf ;h{s, efiff ;Dkfbs ;ªu|xsf ;+:yfks k|ltefx?sf]
;Ddfgstf{ nufotsf cg]s ;xof]ux?df logsf] e"ldsf /x]klg
logsf] klxrfg d"ntM d'Qmssf/ tyf ;flxlTos kqsf/sf ?kdf
:yflkt l5g\ . lognfO{ :yflkt u/fpgdf ;jf{lws e"ldsf bfloTj
…td";+;f/Ú klqsfsf] 5 . …td" ;+;f/Ú logn] efiff ;Dkfbs ub}
{ cfPsL ;flxlTos klqsf xf] . jt{dfg ;dodf ;flxTo / uf}/L
td" Pscsf{sf kof{o ag]sf 5g\ .
;flxTosf/ uf}/L td"sf] cgf}krfl/s ;flxTo ofqf
:s'n] hLjgb]lv g} ;'? ePsf] xf] . cfkm\gf 5f]6f sljtfx?
n]vL ;flxTodf k|j]z u/]sL logsf] cf}krfl/s ;flxTo ofqf eg]
d'Qmsaf6 ePsf] b]lvG5 . lj=;= @)%% ;fndf sIff * df k9\
bfb]lv g} pgsf] afafsf] xft ;dfpb} ;flxlTos sfo{qmddf hfg]
/ kqklqsfx?df ;ls|o ?kdf ;flxTo k|sfzg u/]sf] b]lvG5 .
logsf] klxnf] k|sflzt k':ts eg] …;d} baf{gLÚ -d'Qms ;+u|x
@)&$_ xf] . ljleGg ;dofg's'n To;kl5sf lbgx?df logsf]
k|sfzgx? sflGtk'/ /fli6«o b}lgs Pe/]i6 6fOd a]nfot, td";+;f/
q}dfl;s klqsf cflb klqsfx?df km'6s/ ?kdf k|sflzt eO{ g}
/x]sf 5g\= .
lj=;= @)&$ ;fn uf}/L td"sf nflu ;flxlTos ofqfsf]
pj{/sfn ag]sf] 5 . o;} ;fn logsf] klxnf] s[lt d'Qms ;+u|x
…;d}F baf{gL @)&$Ú k|sflzt eof] . ;d}F baf{gLsf] cy{ s] xf]
< g]kfnL efiff ;flxTo cfkm}df ;d[4 5 . To;f] t g]kfnL efiff
;flxTodf d'Qms Oltxf; kfFr bzs cl3b]lvsf] dfq dflgG5 .
ca klg xfdL d'Qms s] xf] < o;sf] ;+/rgf / l;4fGt s] x'g\
< s:tf] x'g'k5{ < eg]/ cNdlng' kb}{g . @)&) ;fndf kf]v/df
ePsf] d'Qms ;DaGwL a[xt ;Dd]ng / ;Dd]ngaf6 hf/L ul/Psf
kfFr a'Fb] 3f]if0fkqn] ca d'Qmssf] cfkm\gf] :ki6 vfsf sf]l/;s]sf]
b]lvG5 / xfd|f] u'?ª ;d'bfo efiff / ;flxTo lgs} k5fl8 k/]sf]
b]lvG5 . u'?ªx?df g]kfnL ;flxTodf snd rnfpg] ;h{sx?
cToGt Go'g 5g\ . To;f] t u'?ª efiff clxn] ;ª\s6u|:t cj:yfdf
5 . w]/} u'?ª zAbx? nf]k eO;s]sf 5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf
u'?ª ;flxlTos d~r g]kfnsf] ;+:yfks cWoIf /x]sL uf}/Lsf]
lhDd]jf/L af]wn] pgL cfkm}Faf6 ;'?jft ub}{ o; d'Qms ;ª\u|xnfO{
u'?ª slj, n]vs P+j u'?ªefiffljb\ s]o/ l;+x u'?ªsf] ;xof]udf
s]xLnfO{ cg'jfb / w]/}h;f] d'QmsnfO{{ efjfg'jfb u/]sf] b]lvG5 .
u'?ª efifdf g]kfnL efiffdf h:tf] w]/} zAbe08f/x? 5}gg\ . g]kfnL
td" ;+;f/ 19

efifdf k|of]u x'g] sltko tT;d, tbej, cfuGt's / k|ljlws
zAbx? u'?ª efiffdf 7\ofSs} e]6\g ufx|f] ePsf] pgL atfpl5g\ .
sltko zAbx? u'?ª efifsf] zAbsf]zdf ;d]t kfOb}gg\ . t;y{
o; s[ltdf u'?ª efiffdf efjfg'jfb ubf{ s]xL gofFgofF zAbx?
;d]t k|fof]lus ?kdf b]lvG5g\ .
o;/L g} gofF gf}nf zAbx? k|of]u ug]{ ;Gbe{df Sxf]nf
;f]+y/ ufFpkflnsf leq a;f]af; ug]{ afafcfdf x?n] Jojxf/df
k|of]u ug]{ td" zAbx? ;d]t e]l6G5g\ . ctM o; d'QmsnfO{
;dofg's'n u'?ª efifdf efjfg'jfb ug'{ d'Qmssf/sf] p2]Zo /x]sf]
b]lvG5 . b]jgu/Ldf ePklg u'?ª efiffsf sl/a rf/ xhf/ zAbx?
o; s[ltdf s]lGb|t ePsf kfOG5g\ . k|:t't s[ltsf] gfd u'?ª
efiffdf lsg t < lsg eg] u'?ª Ot/ efifLn] klg u'?ª zAbx?
hfg'g\ / a'em"g\, zAbsf]ifdf ;d]t ofL zAbx? n]lvo"g\ . oxL ;f]+r
/ lhDd]jf/L af]wn] u'?ª efiffdf g} o;sf] gfd ;d]t h'/fPsf
b]lvG5 . ;flxTo n]vg ;w}+ ;w}+ ;do, ;dfh / kl/j]zeGbf 6f9f
uP/ sbflk n]lvb}g . o; d'Qmsleq logn] k|s[lt, b]z, ;fdflhs
ljs[lt, lj;ªult, dfofk|]d, gf/Lsf ljifox?nfO{ ;d]6]/ n]lvPsf]
kfOG5 . o;}sf/0f o; ;ªu|xsf] gfd …;d}F baf{gLÚ jf ;dosf] bk{0f
/flvPsf]df ;fy{s P+j cy{k"0f{ b]lvG5 . ;do ;w} kl/jt{gzLn
5 . o'ux? km]l/;s]sf 5g\ . clxn]sf] ;do a9L g} dxTjk"0f{
x'G5g\ . t;{y jt{dfg ;dofg's"n cl3 a9\g ;s]df ;'gdf ;'uGw
x'G5 g} . oL d'Qmsx? ;do sfnv08 ?lr, cfjZostf, ?lr,
rfnrngm gofFd"No dfGotfdf ;d]t lge{/ /xG5 . oxfF logn] ;a}
:j/sf d'Qmsx? h:tfsf] t:t} k:s]sL b]lvG5g\ . pgsf] k}lt;f}F
hGdf]T;j kf/]/ !#% j6f d'Qmsx? kf7s ;fd' k:s]sL b]lvG5g\ .
casf lbgx?df cem /fd|f pTs[i6 s[ltx? k:sg] l5g\ eGg]df s'g}
;Gb]x 5}g .
yf]/} ;dodf / rf]l6nf z}nLdf hLjgsf] Pp6f tLa| cg'e"ltnfO{
oxfF k|:t't ul/Psf] b]lvG5g\ . ;flxTosf cGo ljwfdf nflu
k/]sf ;|i6fx? ;d]t xfn cfP/ d'Qms ljwfdf k|j[Q x'g yfn]sf
5g\ . ;fob o; d'Qmsdf ;dlk{t uf}/L td"n] klg o;} k|efjdf oL
d'Qmsx? n]v]sL x'g\ . k|:t't ;ldIff logsf] …;d}F baf{gLÚ ;ªu|xsf
s]xL kIfx? dfly b[li6 lbb} tof/ kfl/Psf] 5 .
slt lbG5;\ 7Ss/ b] lhGbuL,
b'Mv lk8f geP t s] lhGbuL <
slxn] t n8fpF5;\ slxn] d tFnfO{,
n8\b} p7\g l;s]sf] 5' c/] lhGbuL
hLjgdf k|ToIf ?kdf ef]u]sf cg'e"ltx? cjZo klg
oyfy{ x'G5g\ . jf:tjdf b'Mv kL8f gePsf] dflg; g} xF'b}g .
;don] ubf{ dflg;nfO{ ;fdfGob]lv ljlzi6 k'¥ofpFb5 . olt dfq
xf]Og ljlzi6af6 ;fdfGodf em/]sf klg y'k|} pbfx/0fx? kfOG5g\ .
o;/L pgn] hLjgdf ;ª\3if{sf kfOnfx? a6'n]sL 5g\ .
d'Qmssf k|rlnt lgod kfngf u/]/ n]v]sf o;
d'Qmsx? /fd|/L ldn]sf b]lvG5g\ . ;flxTo ;dfhsf] bk0f{ xf] .
;flxTo ;dfhsf] 7"nf] zlSt xf] . o;n] ;dfh / /fi6«nfO{ cl3
a9fpg zlSt k|bfg ub{5 . o;n] kf7snfO{ dg k|km'Nn agfp5 .
cfgGbfg'e"lt k|s6 u/L c;n dfu{df lxF8\g clek|]l/t u/]sf] x'G5 .
;flxTo
;dfhdf /x]sf ljt[i0ff, lj;ª\utL, lj5f]8 ;a} ljifo j:t'x?nfO{
;d]6]/ d'Qms n]v]sL b]lvG5g\ . ;dfhdf lbgk|ltlbg x/fpFb}
uO/x]sf] dfgjtfaf/] pgL d'Qmsdf 8'a]sL b]lvG5 .
lw+/} Kxf}+uL lvFhLd}bL lSx|;L tf] nd'
xflb{of/ x|f]+;}+bL lk| r' ;+;f/ 6\xf];L tf] nd'
efO ltofO{ c?O{ n'l6O{ a]nf/]F tfF Sxf]g ls
x|f];}F x\o'nf/L ld km'P;L tf] nd' <
sljtf, l;4fGt lgodaf6 cnu eP/ n]lvPsf] klxnf], bf];|f], rf}yf]
kfp t's ldn]sf] x'G5 eg] t];|f] kª\ltdf cGTofg'k|f; eª\u ePsf]
x'G5 . yf]/} zAbdf klg w]/} s'/f JoSt ug{ ;lsg] dgsf b'Mv,
/f]bg, eo, tLa| rf]l6nf JoªUok"0f{ d'Qmsx? oxfF n]lvPsf 5g\ .
km]pnL d' d'Rxf]/ d|f]Fn] kbL{d
cfu'd} cfªL x|f];}+ ªxf] x|f];}+ lKxn}+ kbL{d
k|alDx Kn]n vfFd] /f]a NxfuL Kn]nF kbL{d
;kmn ta/ lhGbuL/ ;d:of v]lKbn klb{d .
jf:tjdf ;kmntfsf] lzv/df k'Ugsf nflu ;kgfx?
cjZo g} a'Gg'k5{ . efUodf xfF:g] xf]Og sd{df xfF:g' kb{5 .
/fi6«sf] ef]lnsf] sfd s'/fsf nflu x/avt cl3 a9\g} kb{5 .
dgdf x/xd];f ;Dem]/ n]lv/xg] dflg;n] g} n8fOx? lhTg]5g\
eGg ;lsG5 . ldlxg]tsf ;fy r9]sf ;kgfx? cjZo pSng
;kmn x'g]5g\ . ;dfhdf c;Dej eGg] j:t' ;fob zAbsf]ifaf6
g} x6fOlbP klg x'G5 . cfkm\gf d'Qmsx?nfO{ ;a}hgfn] km/flsnf]
dgn] lnOlbgx'g pgL ;a} kf7sx?nfO{ xflb{stf k|s6 ul5{g\ .
o;/L kf]v/fnfO{ cfkm\gf] sd{ynf] agfO{ cl3 a9]sL d'Qmssf/
uf}/L td" ;zQm gf/L x:tfIf/sf ?kdf b]vk/]sL 5g\ . ;d}F baf{gLsf]
cfudg;Fu d'Qms ;+;f/df gf/L ;|i6fx?sf] Oltxf;df Ps sf];]9'Ëf
;flat ePsf] 5 .
klxnf] k6sd} uf}/L td"sf d'Qmsx? ;'Gg] afgL kl/;s]sf
kf7sx?nfO{ cem emg\ gofF 5fk lbg] g} 5 eGg ;lsG5 .
;d;fdlos kl/j]z, >[Ëfl/stf, b]zk|]d, gf/L j]bgf efjgfx? Rf/
x/kmdf JoSt ug{ ;kmn ePsL uf}/L td"sf] jfrgz}nL klg cem
bdbf/ rf]l6nf 5 . d'Qmsdf JoªUo efj snfz}nL zAbzlQmaf6
JoSt ug{ ;kmn gf/L x:tIf/ x'g\ pgL . o; s[ltleq ulxl/P/
x]bf{ a]Unfa]Un} ;ldIff ug{ ;lsG5 . ;DejtM oL d'Qmsx? g]kfnL
;dfhsf ljleGg If]qdf b]vf k/]sf ;fdflhs, /fhg}lts, g}
lts nufotsf ljleGg ;d:o / ljs[ltx?nfO{ ljifoj:t' agfP/
n]lvPsf 5g\ . To;}n] ;d;fdlotf g} d'Qmssf] g]kfnL ;dfhsf
ljleGg If]qdf b]vf k/]sf ;fdflhs, /fhg}lts, g}lts nufotsf
ljleGg ;d:of / ljs[ltx?nfO{ ljifo j:t' agfP/ n]lvPsf
5g\ . To;}n] ;d;fdlotf g} d'Qmssf] ljz]iftf b]lvG5 . efiffsf]
;/ntf rf]l6nf ;Dk|]if0fLotf n]vgsf] ;f]2]Zotf g]kfnL ;dfh /
g]kfnLkgsf] d'Qmsfo{ k|xf/ 5g\ . z}nLut rdTsfl/tfsf] k|oTg
b]lvG5 . cem g} oL d'Qms x?df k|f}9tf P+j kl/isf/tkm{ nfUg
cem} s;/t ul/g'kYof]{ eGg] cj:yf b]lvG5 . tfklg o; d'Qmsfo{
;fwgfdf /x]sL uf}/L td"n] d'Qms n]vgdf b]vfPsf] ?lr / of]
k|z+;fgLo sfo{sf lglDt :jfutof]Uo eGg] 7fGb5' .
20 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

;+:sf/
ndh'ªdf d[t cfTdfnfO{ :ju{ tfg{
ce}m lhp“bf] r/fsf] k|of]u
u'?ª ;d'bfodf Pp6f cgf}7f] rng 5 . dl/;s]sf
JolQmsf] cfTdfnfO{ :ju{ tfg{ lhp“bf] r/f 5f]l8G5 . lhp“bf]
r/f ;dfltG5 s;/L < r/f ;dfTg dWo/ft h+undf uP/ Ko]
-zf:q_ kl9G5 . ToxL zf:qaf6 r/f nl6\7G5 . ToxL r/fnfO{
laxfg NofP/ d[ts JolQmsf] cfTdf agfO{ af“;sf] ln+uf]af6
5f]l8G5 . zf:qnfO{ nl7Psf] r/f af“;sf] uf“7f]–uf“7f]df r9]/
v'l8\snf] kf/ ub}{ bfof“afof“, tndfly x]/]/ 6'Kkf]df k'u]kl5dfq}
p8\5 . crDd nfu]klg ndh'ªdf u'?ª ;d'bfon] oxL k/Dk/f
o'uf}+b]lv rnfp“b} cfPsf 5g\ . t/, of] lxhf]cfh la/n} dfqfdf
b]Vg ;lsG5 . of] k/Dk/f nf]k x'“b} uPsf] 5 . of] sfo{ u'?ª
k'/f]lxt SNx]k|L -£ofa|]_n] ug]{ u5{g\ . £ofa|] u'?ª ;d'bfosf
dflg;sf] d[To' ePkl5 clGtd ;+:sf/sf nflu rflxg] k'/f]lxt
xf] . ndh'ªsf] d:of{ªbL ufp“kflnsf @, l3d|fªsf ^) aifL{o
£ofa|] u'? rGb|dfg u'?ªsf cg';f/ wgL, v]uL -j]b k9]/ x]/larf/
ug]{, hfGg]a'em\g]_, rf]uL -;dfhsf cu'jf,
sfd s'/f ldnfpg]_, k}+8L -kl08t_,
ljleGg zf:q tyf j]bsf u'?, gfd rn]sf
lzsf/Lsf] d[To' ePkl5sf] c3'{+ ubf{ r/f
? cfz u'?ª
cWoIf
kqsf/ dxf;+3 ndh'ª
5f]8\g] ul/G5 . …r/f 5f]8\g] eg]sf] pxf“x?n] cfkm\gf] hLjgdf
u/]sf kfkx? s6fpgsf] nflu xf] . kfk kvfn]/ :ju{ tfg{sf]
nflu xf]Ú pxfFn] eGg' eof] . …oL sfo{ ubf{ :ju{ tl/G5, :ju{
k'luG5 eGg] xfd|f] zf:qdf 5 .Ú pxfFsf cg';f/ zf:qdf k[YjL
uf]nf] 5 elgPsf] 5, lzsf/ o'u, v]tLsf] o'u / clxn]sf o'uaf/]
j0f{g ul/Psf] 5 .
xfn} ndh'ªsf] 3gkf]v/f /f]Kn]kmf“6sf ;'ljgnfn
u'?ªsf] c3'{+ ubf{ r/f 5f]l8Psf] lyof] . rGb|dfgsf cg';f/ oL
sfo{ lj/n} x'G5g\ . r/f 5f]8\g] £ofa|] u'? kfpg 5fl8;s] . ;j}sf]
lgwgkl5 o:tf sfo{ ;+s6df kb}{ uPsf] 5 . s/La & aif{cl3
lgwg ePsf pgL u'?ª ;+:sf/sf] c'3{+ ubf{ gflrg] ;]sf{ gfrsf
u'? lyP . pgL ;]sf{df k|of]u ul/g] yf}+b" -7"nf] dfbn_ sf] tfn
ahfpg] u'? lyP . hf] s;}n] tfn ahfpg ;Sb}gg\ . s/La *$
aif{sf] pd]/df lgwg ePsf pgsf] c3'{+df r/f 5f]l8Psf] £ofa|]
u'? ;Gtf]if u'?ªn] atfpg' eof] . pxfFsf cg';f/ c3'{+ ug{{ k}+8L
-u'?ª kl08t_ ;Fu lbg x]/fOG5 . oxL a]nf k}+8Ln] r/f 5f]8]/
c3'{+ ug'{kg]{ jf Sxf]So' -e]8f_ /fVg'kg]{ 5'6\ofp“5 . …tf]lsPsf]
lbg c3'{+ ;'? ePkl5 Pshgf £ofa|]n] /fte/ zf:q k9\g ;'?
u5{ . Pshgf £ofa|] /ftL !@ ah] r/f dG5fpg h+undf k:5 .
Pshgf £ofa|] af“;sf] ln+uf] sf6\g hfG5 . …r/f dG5fpg / af“;
sf6\g 8]9b]lv @ 306f vlr{G5g\ . zf:q k9]/ sfd ul/G5 . r/f
dG5fpg]n] cfkm\gf] If]q tf]S5 . af“; sf6\g]n] lnP/ cfp“5 . r/f
5f]Kg ef]lnkN6 laxfg o'jfx?nfO{ v6fOG5Ú pxfFn] eGg'eof] .
pxfFsf cg';f/ n]sdf kfOg] ( y/L / a]+;Ldf kfOg] (
y/L u/L !* y/Lsf r/fsf] gfd lgsfn]/ k|fs[lts b]jLb]jtf;+u
lhp“bf] r/f dfluG5 . r/f dfUbf lbg x]/]/ agfOPsf] hf“8af6
tof/ kfl/Psf] # kfg] sf]bf]sf] /S;L klxnf]k6s lgsflnPsf] /
/f]6L rflxG5 . bf];|f]k6s lems]sf] sf]bf]sf] /S;L / /f]6L af“;sf]
ln+uf] sf6\g] £ofa|]n] r9fp“5 . t];|f]k6s lems]sf] /S;L / /f]6L
eg] r/f ;dfGt]nfO{ k7fOG5 . klxnf] / bf];|f]k6s lems]sf]
/S;L b]ptfnfO{ r9fOG5 . t];|f]k6s lems]sf] /S;L / /f]6L r/f
;dfTg hfg]n] k"hfkf7 u/L k|fs[lts b]ptfnfO{ r9fpg'sf ;fy}
cfkm}+ vfP/ r/f vf]Hg yfN5 . …bfof“afof“ lkm“lhPsf o'jf;Fu
s'g} g s'g} r/f glhs x'g vf]H5 . To;nfO{ wkfP/ ;dfpg]
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
td" ;+;f/ 21

xf] . ;dfpg ;lhnf] x'G5 . lxhf]sf] dGqn] r/f nl7Psf] x'G5Ú
pxfFn] eGg'eof], …clxn];Dd o:tf] sfo{df r/f ge]l6Psf] /]s8{
5}g . u'?x?n] klg To:t} eGg] u5{g\ . laxfg uPsf o'jfx?
Psl5gkl5 r/f lnP/ kmls{G5g\ . Tolta]nf;Dd 3/af6 Kn
-5fof“cfTdf_ / af“; lnP/ £ofa|];lxtsf] 6f]nL c3'{+ ;]nfpg]
7fp“df k'lu;s]sf] x'G5 .Ú pQm 7fp“df rf/}lbzfdf 3f]rf uf8]/
gd|' -r/f 5f]8\g] hUu]_ agfP/ af“;sf] ln+uf] 78\ofOPsf] x'G5 .
Kn -5fof“cfTdf_ nfO{ 3/af6 cflzjf{b yfk]/ NofOPsf] x'G5 .
cfTdfnfO{ dGqdfkm{t r/fleq k;fOG5 . glhs} v]s' dfªL
-u'?ª hfltsf] k"vf{_ n] kfk ug]{x? :ju{ cfpg /f]s nufp“5 .
cfTdfn] zf:qd} ;kmf;'U3/ eP/ ( 8f“8f s6]/ cfp“5' h:tf
afSosf] cg'go ljgo u/]kl5 r/fnfO{ la:tf/} af“;sf] ln+uf]df
r9fOG5 . To;kl5 af“;sf] uf“7f]–uf]7f]af6 kml8\s“b}, rf/}lbzf,
tndfly cfkm\gf kl/jf/nfO{ x]b}{ af“;sf] ln+uf]sf] 6'Kkf]df k'u]/
r/f p8\5 .
td" Ko] Nx' ;+3sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;d]t /x]sf 6' SNx]k|L
s]Gb|Lo ;Nnfxsf/ dx]Gb| u'?ªn] u'?ª hfltsf] zf:q cg';f/
r/f 5f]8\bf kljq eOg] atfpg'eof] . …xfdL hfgLghfgL slt
kfk sd{ u5f}{+ . c?nfO{ b'Mv lbG5f}+ . e]befj u5f}{+ . r/f 5f]8\g]
sfo{ kfk kvfNgs} nflu xf] . x'g t r/f 5f]8]sf hltn] kfk
u/] eGg] xf]Og . slx+st} uNtL ePdf o;n] kfk kvfn]/ wd{sf]
af6f] ;dfTb} :ju{df k'u]/ lbj+ut kl/jf/;Fu ldng u/fOlbG5 .
of] xfd|f] zf:qdf pNn]v 5Ú pxfFn] eGg'eof] .
;+:sf/
uhn
?k|lbk s'df/ u'?ª
xfnM cd]l/sf
d]/f] hLjg ;fyL o:tf] ;dembf/ agf];\ .
lhÞGbuL latfpg] e/ kbf]{+ cfwf/ agf];\ .
lx/f df]lt s]xL rflxFb}g dfof eP k'U5
pgL / d]/f] hf]l8sf] ;'Gb/ ;+;f/ agf];\ .
pgsf] ;'Gb/tf 9sds e} km'n]sf] a]nf
cK;/f klg pgnfO{ x]/L nfrf/ agf];\ .
xfd|f] dfofsf] au}+rfdf km"nx¿ km"Nbf
:ju{h:tf] ;fgf] ;'Gb/ kl/jf/ agf];\ .
afr'Gh]n xfF;L v';L hLjg sf6\g]5f}+
d[To'kl5 klg afFRg] xfd|f] Kof/ agf];\ .
22 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

uhn
P dfG5]
sljtf
d]/L cfdf
? k|sfz u'?ª
nfFUbL kj{t, xfn M o'=s]=
P dfG5] lsg u5f}{ cxª\sf/ of] hLjgdf
g/fVg' dgdf Oiof{ / ljsf/ of] hLjgdf
d} vfpF d} nfpF d} gfrf}+ d} afFrf}+ eG5f} ;w}+
;Dem]/ dnfO{ nfU5 lwSsf/ of] hLjgdf
dfof / k|]d g} cr"s cf}ifwL xf] zflGtsf]
nfU5 l/; / /fu ;a a]sf/ of] hLjgdf
ld7f] x'G5 kmn ;b}+j kl;gf / kl/>dsf]
a9\g' cl3 ;w}+ eP/ OdfGbf/ of] hLjgdf
dfG5] dfqf Pp6f o:tf] k|f0fL xf] ;+;f/df
h;n] kf5{ ;kgfx? ;fsf/ of] hLjgdf
/fd|f] sfd ug{ kl/cfP b]zsf] nflu dg'{ /
ug]{5 ;an] ltd|f] ho hosf/ of] hLjgdf .
uhn
? ;'Gb/ u'?'ª
l5gfdv' – *, sfÍfª\, ef]hk'/
xfn M ax/fO{g
ls hflgG5 k/]/ g}, ls hflgG5 k9]/ g}
gul/ t s] kf] x'G5 < s]xL x'G5 u/]/ g} ..
afwf c8\rg kf/ u/]/}, xft nfU5 x/ ;kmntf
kmnfd v's'/L ag]sf] xf], cfuf]sf] /fk ;x]/ g} ..
c;n sd{ ug{ vf]Hbf, nfUg ;S5g\ 7];x?
lbof]n] lg k|sfz 55{, cfkm" cfFkm} hn]/ g} ..
lagf Tofu / b'Mv oxfF, gfd sdfpg] sf] xf]nf / Û
gfd sdfP k'vf{n] lg, b':dg;Fu n8]/ g} ..
dg]{x? xhf/f} 5g\ s:sf] lx;fa x'G5 oxfF <
zlxb cd/ ePsf x'g\, b]zsf] vflt/ d/]/ g} ..
?lji0f' u'?ª
‘PstfÆ
kf]v/L, wDk';
d]/L cfdf lx/fs'df/L hGd]sf] 7fpF
d]/f] kof]{ ;'Gb/ ler's dfjnL ufpF
klxnf] ;Gtfg eP/ d'lvofsf] 3/df
;a}sf] xfOxfOdf x'ls{PsL lt cfdf
sGofbfg efGhfnfO{ cfkfsf] /x/df
hGd3/ ler'saf6 sd{3/ wDk';df
hLjg latfpFb} ;'vb'Mvsf] ;+3f/df
lztn wDk';b]lv dw];sf] udL{df
xDsfpFbf lt 3df}/fdf k+vf xfdLn]
?g'x'GYof] cfdf kxf8sf] ;Demgfn]
rf/sf]z] emf8L df8Lsf] Tof] s'gfdf
ug{'x'GYof] lk/ ;w} 5f]/L w]/} efsf]df
t/ s;nfO{ yfxf s] n]Vof5 efUodf
TolxF 5f]/Ln] ubf{ ;of]{ a;fO{ kf]v/fdf
dfO{tLsf] ;Ddfg / dfofsf] wgL cfdf
efUodfgL ls ceflugL Tof] lhGbuLdf
b'vkl5 ;'vsf] cg'e"lt ug{ gkfpFb}df
hfg'ef] ;+;f/ 5f]8L eujfgsf] sfvdf
t/ afFrL/xg]5 ;w} lt cfdfsf] ;Demgf
gftf /xg]5 of] /utsf] of] ;f; /x];Dd
kf/L x]bf{ 3fG›'s a]zL pQ/ nfG›'s ufpF
uj{ nfU5 dnfO{ ler's d]/f] dfjnL ufpF
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
td" ;+;f/ 23

td" Sj]
dfbL :of]FdL alUbaf ;nn
ªnf df:of] d|f]lbaf emnn
r}t DxOg/L
tn] Sof]F cfva, ªn Sxf]Og/L
l;p/f] gfF; d' ªnf ;FOtf]a
ªnf df:of] v}dP cfTxf]a
r}t DxOg/L
tn] Sof]F cfva, ªnf Sxf]Og/L
Sof]+nf ld+km' abdL d'd}F
df:of] Sof]n ªof]Olbd' ª y'd}
r}t DxOg/L
tn] Sof]F cfva, ªnf Sxf]Og/L
lnDxf]/f Sof]nf nlgbf]n] k|]af
tn] df:of] Sof]+ ªb] cx+]a
r}t DxOg/L
tn] Sof]F cfva, ªnf Sxf]Og/L
SNxd} kf/n] alUbaf dfbL:of]F
jiff}{ k}lbP v}dP cfvf Sof]F
r}t DxOg/L
tn] Sof]F cfva, ªnf Sxf]Og/L
l/d}F d}OdL tflan]g labf]
ªn DxOdL -dfof_ v}dP cfDn]bf]
r}t DxOg/L
tn] Sof]F cfva, ªnf Sxf]Og/L
Nxf];f/ uLt
ª\of] td"n v}df] y]+jf rf8 Nxf];f/
:of] s}+ r;L Dxflwn] /f]X;] /f]X;] 6\xf]/
cflzdfnf d' tfg td"d}n} 5\ofFaf tlbu]
vg/ l6n]g ª\of] /f]X;] Xo'n} do nlbu]
/Xaf lKx{af tlbu] 5\ofFaf SofF/ k|lbu]
tfg td"d} ª\of]O /f]X;] Ko] 5\of /lXbu]
y]jf Rof]+jf clen] ª\of] tfg 3|L t}/ k|n]
/f]X;] td"na] :of]+Da} tfF emf]uf] /Xn] :on]
? ;'dg td"
cfFwLvf]nf @
Dxf]/f]F gf; :ofª\hf
?t]h t8\kg
la?jf uf=kf=–@,
:ofª\hf
xfn; b'aO{ o'PO{
sljtf
sljtf
cf] zx/sf] dfG5]
ltd|f] Tof], zx/
dfg, dof{bf / OHht a]r]/} ePklg
k};fs} nfuL x/bd,
x/avt t5f8d5f8
ul//xG5, em}emu8f ul//xG5
dfgljotf / ;+Dj]bgfx?
lj:tf/} w'ldn kf/]/
PsnJo ?kdf vf]lh/xG5
dfq k};f k};f k};f
ltdLsxfF o:tf];Dd e};Sof] ls
p7]klg k};f nfU5
a;]klg k};f nfU5
;'t]klg k};f nfU5
k};f geP ltd|f] zx/df
afRg] clwsf/ s;}nfO{ lbFb}g
To;}n], d eG5'
cf] zx/sf] dfG5]
cfp ef] d]/f] of] ufpFdf
lsgsL
d]/f] ufFpdf
k};f gePklg
dfG5] afRFg ;lsG5
d]/f] ufFpdf :jR5 xfjf kfOG5
sfnLvf]nfsf] s~rg kfgL
c3fp~h]n vfg kfOG5
u'G›'ssf] emf]n;Fu g} lsg gxf];\
k]6e/L l98f] vfg kfOG5
b'w, bxL, kmnkm'n cfbL cg]sy/L
ld7f] dfg]/ vfg kfOG5
lk9Ldf g} lsg gxf];\
cfgGbn] lgw{Ss;Fu
;'Tg kfOG5
Tof] klg l;Q}df
7'nf] ;Ddfgsf ;fy
lsgsL,
d]/f] ufFpdf
kfx'gfnfO{ eujfg dflgG5
To;}n], d eG5'
cf] zx/sf] dfG5]
cfp ef] d]/f] of] ufpFdf .
?lrq ;f]lN6 GxfG;L td"
OR5fsfdgf–^, lrtjg
24 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

;dfrf/ ultljlw
td" wL+ o'=s]=sf] gjlgjf{lrt sfo{ ;ldltnfO{ kf]v/fdf
ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfsf] ;Ddfg
td" ;+;f/ ;+jfbbftf kf]v/f
a]nfotdf cToGt} lqmofzLn ;+:yf td" wL+ o'=s]=sf]
xfn} ;DkGg bzf}+ clwj]zgaf6 lgjf{lrt gofF sfo{ ;ldltnfO{
kf]v/fdf ut d+l;/ !) ut] Ps sfo{qmdsf aLr ;Ddfg tyf
:jfut ul/Psf] 5 . u'?ª ;flxlTos d~r g]kfn, cleofg
lkmNd; k|f=ln=, :6f;{ :6'l8of] g]kfn / td" ;+;f/ q}dfl;s
klqsfsf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf pQm ;Ddfg tyf :jfut sfo{qmd
cfof]hgf ul/Psf] xf] .
sfo{qmddf td" wL+ o'=s]=sf jt{dfg cWoIf 1fdaxfb'/
u'?ª, gjlgjf{lrt cWoIf gGbh+u u'?ª, lgj{tdfg cWoIf
/fdrGb| u'?ª -;'h]{_, pkfWoIf 4o h'dsfhL u'?ª / xl/ u'?ª
tyf dlxnf ;ldltsL cWoIf k|]df u'?ª / ;b:o ;GWof u'?ª
/ ndh'ª ;]jf ;ldlt xªsªsf k"j{ cWoIf tyf cleofg
lkmNd;\ k|f=ln=sf lgdf{tf lblnkl;+x u'?ªnfO{ u'?ª k/Dk/f
cg';f/ ;]tf] l6sf, k]m6f, k"mn dfnf / a's]n] kfx'gfsf] :jfut /
;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} td" wL+ o'=s]=sf jt{dfg
cWoIf 1fdaxfb'/ u'?ªn] cfkmgf] sfo{sfndf ljleGg If]qaf6
;xof]u ul/ ;kmn agfpg] ;a} td" ;d'bfo / ;+3 ;+:yfnfO{
cfef/ JoQm ug'{eof] . o:t} gjlgjf{lrt cWoIf gGbh+u u'?ªn]
ljutdf h;/L cfpg] lbgdf klg td" wL+ o'=s]= ;a} td"x?;Fu
;xsfo{ u/]/ cl3 a9g] eGb} ;a}sf] ;fy / ;xof]usf] ck]Iff
cfk"mn] u/]sf] atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf cleofg lkmNd;\ k|f=ln=/
:6f;{ :6'l8of]sf snfsf/x?sf] tk{maf6 ljleGg g[Tox? k|:t't
ul/Psf] lyof] eg] u'?ª ;flxlTos d~rsf] tk{maf6 ;b:ox?n]
sljtf, d'Qms, uLt nufotsf] /rgf jfrg u/]sf lyP .
o;}aLr ;f]lx sfo{qmddf td" wL+ o'=s]=sf gjlgjf{lrt
pkfWoIf Pj+ td" ;+;f/ klqsfsf ;Nnfxsf/ h'dsfhL u'?ªn]
cfkmgf] JolQmuttk{maf6 cleofg lkmNd;\ k|f=ln=sf lgdf{tf
lgb]{zs tyf snfsf/ j]baxfb'/ u'?ª -Zofd_ / cleofg
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
lkmNd;\sf] Jofg/df lgdf{0f ePsf] rnlrq ‘ªof]P gf; 6\xf]’
-xfd|f] ufpF3/_ b]lv kl5Nnf] rnlrq ‘o'Dkf] b]p/fnL’ -9'Ë]
b]p/fnL_ ;Dd lg/Gt/ pTs[i6 clego ub}{ cfpg' ePsf td"
rnlrqsf jl/i7 snfsf/ anaxfb'/ u'?ªnfO{ k]m6f nufP/
;Ddfg ug'{eof] . ;fy} pxfFsf] snf / k|ltefsf] pRr ;Ddfg
ub}{ snfsf/ anaxfb'/ u'?ªnfO{ pkfWoIf h'dsfhL u'?ªsf]
tkm{af6 gub & xhf/ pkxf/ :j?k k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
;f]lx sfo{qmddf :6f;{ :6'l8of]sf] Jofg/df ev{/}
lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg u/]/ k|bz{gdf cfpg nfu]sf] rnlrq ‘Dn]
So'’ -la;f{pg] kfgL_ df ;dfj]z /x]sf] uLt æv} labf] tf] labf]Æ
sf] k|rf/sf] nflu cfof]hgf ul/Psf] se/ 8fG; k|ltof]lutfdf
k|yd k'/:sf/ k|fof]hg ug'{ePsf o'=s]= lgjf;L td" wL+ o'=s]=sf
;Nnfxsf/ Ps]Gb| u'?ª, jl/i7 pkfWoIf lxtsfhL u'?ª, pkfWoIf
h'dsfhL u'?ª, ;b:o tyf jl/i7 kmf]6f]u|fkm/ ldng td", td"
wL+ o'=s]=sf lgj{tdfg cWoIf /fdrGb| u'?ª -;'h]{_ / uf]vf{
lsrg o'=s]=sf ;~rfns eLd u'?ª4f/f k|fof]hg ul/Psf] gub
? &% xhf/ / ;f]lx ;d"xn] g} :6f;{ :6'l8of]sf] bf];|f] jflif{s
pT;jsf] cj;/df k|fof]hg u/]sf] ?= $) xhf/ /sd k|fof]hsx?
dWo] ;f] ;dodf g]kfn cfpg' ePsf h'dsfhL u'?ª / /fdrGb|
-;'h]{_ u'?ªn] ;+o'Qm ?kdf :6f;{ :6'l8of]sf ;~rfns tyf
rnlrq lgb]{zs h;' u'?ªnfO{ x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] .
sfo{qmddf u'?ª ;flxlTos d~r g]kfnsf ;lqmof
;b:o lbj; u'?ª $@ lbgsf] ;fOsn ofqf k'/f u/L kf]v/f
kmls{Psf] cj;/df ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . cleofg lkmNd;
k|f=ln=sf lgdf{tf lgb]{zs j]baxfb'/ u'?ª -Zofd_sf] cWoIftfdf
ePsf] sfo{qmddf :jfut dGtJo u'?ª ;flxlTos d~r g]kfnsL
cWoIf uf}/L td" / wGojfb dGtJo :6f;{ :6'l8of]sf ;~rfns
h;' u'?ªn] lbg'ePsf] lyof] eg] sfo{qmd ;~rfng td" ;+;f/
klqsfsf ;Dkfbs /f]zgL u'?ªn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
td" ;+;f/ 25

;dfrf/ ultljlw
td" wL+ o's]4f/f kf]v/fdf e]63f6 tyf ;Ddfg ;DkGg
x'd td"÷kf]v/f
o's]df lqmofzLn k|efjzfnL Pj+ cu|0fL ;fdflhs
;+:yf td" wL+ o's]n] ut d+;L/ !) ut] kf]v/fdf e]63f6 tyf
;Ddfg sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . ljutdf :jb]z cfudgsf]
qmddf ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfsf] :jfut / ;Ddfgdf EofO gEofO{
x'g] td" wL++ o's]n] o; k6s cfkm} e]63f6 tyf ;Ddfg sfo{qmd
cfof]hgf u/L kf]v/fdf lqmofzLn ;+3 ;+:yfsf cu'jfx?;Fu
e]63f6 Pj+ ;Ddfg u/]sf] xf] .
td" wL+ o's];Fu lgs6 /xL ;xsfo{ ub}{ cfO/x]sf]
;fdflhs, v]ns'b, ;fF:s[lts, ;+rf/ nufot ljleGg ;+:yfsf
cu'jfx?nfO{ cfdGq0f ul/Psf] pQm sfo{qmdsf cltlyx?nfO{
td" wL+ o's]sf cWoIf 1fdaxfb'/ u'?ª, cfdf ;d"xsL cWoIf
k|]df u'?ª, pkfWoIf Pj gjlgjf{lrt cWoIf gGbh+u u'?ª,
sf]iffWoIf Pj+ gjlgjf{lrt pkfWoIf h'dsfhL u'?ª, k"j{ cWoIf
/fdrGb|-;'o{_ u'?ª, k'j{ dxf;lrj Pj+ gjlgjf{lrt pkfWoIf
x/L u'?ª nufotn] td" wL+ k|j]z;Fu} vfbf nufP/ :jfut
ug'{ePsf] lyof] . kf]v/f ( gofFahf/l:yt td" wL+ g]kfndf
cfof]lht sfo{qmddf td" wL+ o's]4f/f d]h/ nIdLk|;fb u'?ªnfO{
æcfbz{ td" @)!*Æ af6 ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . td" wL+ o's]sf]
;Nnfxsf/ tyf g]kfn k|ltlgwL /xg'ePsf d]h/ u'?ªn] td" lw+
o's]sf] ljsf; tyf pTyfg, td" ;d'bfo Pj+ ;fdflhs If]qdf
k'/\ofPsf] of]ubfgsf] pRr sb/ ub}{ td" wL+ o's]sf cWoIf
1fdaxfb'/ u'?ª / cfdf cWoIf k|]df u'?ªn] cfbz{ td"sf]
;Ddfgkq;lxt km]6f, vfbf, dfofsf] lrgf];lxt ;Ddfg ug'{ePsf]
xf] .
o;/L g} sfo{qmddf ut a}zfv ! ut]b]lv * ut];Dd td"
wL+ o's]4f/f cfof]lht td"x?sf] ;Eotf, ;F:s[lt ljsf; ePsf]
P]ltxfl;s :yn Sxf]nf ;f]+y/ e|d0fdf kf]v/faf6 ;xefuL d]h/
nIdLk|;fb u'?ª -Joj:yfkg ;+of]hs_, 8f=rGb|axfb'/ u'?ª,
x'daxfb'/ u'?ª, o'uaxfb'/ u'?ª, lbks u'?ª / k'gd u'?ªnfO{
;xefuLtfsf] k|df0fkq;lxt ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
kf7zfnf pkGof;dflysf] kl/rrf{df n]vsnfO{ Ps nfvsf] ;Ddfg
td" ;+;f/ ;+jfbbftf kf]v/f
o;jif{sf] dbg k'/:sf/sf nflu
5gf}6df kg{ ;kmn pkGof; kf7zfnf
dfly kf]v/fdf kl/rrf{ sfo{qmd ;DkGg
ePsf] 5 . u'?ª ;flxlTos d~r
g]kfnsf] cfof]hgfdf ut sflQ{s !&
ut] zlgaf/ n]sfnL r'nf]3/df sfo{qmd
;DkGg ePsf] xf] . sfo{qmddf k|:tf]tfsf
?kdf /xg'ePsf k|fWofks, ;dfnf]rs
tyf kqsf/ u'?ª ;'zfGtn] k':tssf
26 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

ljleGg ljifo tyf ;du|df g]kfnL ;flxTo / u'?ª ;flxTosf
ljifodf /x]/ k':tssf n]vs tLy{ u'?ª;Fu ax; ug'{ePsf]
lyof] . ;f] cj;/df n]vs tLy{ u'?ªn] kf7zfnf cfk\mgf]
tk{maf6 g]kfnL ;flxTodf Pp6f lgDtf] kq dfq} ePsf] eGb}
cfufdL pkGof;df ce}m kl/is[t eP/ cfpg] atfpg'eof] .
sfo{qmddf ;xefuL 8f=rGb|axfb'/ u'?ª, rLhsfhL u'?ª, dfof
u'?ª, /f]zgL u'?ª, k|sfz a/fn nufotn] n]vs;Fu kf7zfnf;Fu
;DalGwt ljleGg k|Zg u/]sf lyP .
o;}aLr u'?ª ;flxTos d~r g]kfnn] sfo{qmdsf]
cj;/ kf/]/ n]vs tLy{ u'?ªnfO{ gub ! nfv ! xhf/ ! ;o
!! ?k}of ;Ddfg kq, k]m6f efªu|f / k"mndfnfn] ;Ddfg u/]sf]
lyof] . sfo{qmdsf nflu ljleGg JolQm tyf ;+3 ;+:yfaf6
;xof]u k|fKt /sddWo] sfo{qmdsf] vr{ s6fP/ art ePsf]
/sd n]vsnfO{ ;Ddfg :j?k k|bfg ul/Psf] d~rsL cWoIf
uf}/L u'?ªn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . o;cl3 sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6g ub}{
k|f1 slj tyf ;+:s[ltsdL{ tLy{ >]i7n] Pp6f ;+:yfn] n]vssf]
;Ddfgdf olt 7"nf] /sd ;xof]u u/]sf] g]kfnL ;flxTod} klxnf]
;dfrf/ ultljlw
sfo{ ePsf] bfjL ug'{eof] . o:tf] ;Ddfgn] n]vsnfO{ ;w}+ phf{
ldln/xg] pxfFn] atfpg'eof] .
sfo{qmd ;DkGg ug{sf nflu td" wL+ o's] kl/jf/af6
!% xhf/ cfly{s ;xof]u k|fKt ePsf] lyof] eg] d~rsf k|d'v
;Nnfxsf/ tyf ‘w/tLdf h"g’ / ‘dgsf t/Ëx?’ k':tssf n]vs
Ps]G› u'?ªaf6 !) xhf/, /fdahf/ ;f];fO6L o's]sf cWoIf
Pj+ d~rsf cfhLjg ;b:o h'dsfhL u'?ªaf6 !) xhf/, td"
wL+ o's]sf cWoIf Uofd u'?ªaf6 !) xhf/, td" wL+ o's]sf
pkfWoIf lxtsfhL u'?ªaf6 !) xhf/, td" wL+ o's]sf lgjt{dfg
cWoIf /fdrG› u'?ª -;'h]{_ af6 !) xhf/, td" wL+ o's]sf
;Nnfxsf/4o Sof=/fh' u'?ªaf6 !) xhf/ / >L u'?ªaf6 !)
xhf/, td" wL+ o's]sf k'j{ dxf;lrj xl/ u'?ªaf6 !) xhf/,
jl/i7 kmf]6f]u|fkm/ tyf uLtsf/ ldng td"af6 !) xhf/, uf]vf{
lsrg o's]sf ;+rfns eLd u'?ªaf6 !) xhf/ cfly{s ;xof]u
k|fKt ePsf] lyof] . o:t} O;fg]Zj/ SofDk; ndh'ªsf k|d'v
/d]zrG› l3ld/]af6 % xhf/, ;l/tf u'?ª kmfpG8];gsf cWoIf
Pjd\ d~rsf ;+:yfks sfo{ ;ldltsf ;b:o xfn cd]l/sf
lgjf;L ;l/tf u'?ªaf6 !! xhf/, ;dfh;]jL Pjd\ ;fdflhs
cleofGt nIdL u'?ªaf6 % xhf/, k'jL{ w/fg :yfoL 3/ eO{
xfn a/fOg lgjf;L slj Pj+ d~rsf cfhLjg ;b:o rG›
u'?ªaf6 % xhf/, e'6fgLh u'?ª ;f];fO6L cd]l/sf cWoIf Pj+
d~rsf cfhLjg ;b:o k|lbks'df/ u'?ªaf6 !) xhf/, ef/t
l;nu'8L lgjf;L slj tyf kqsf/ ;'/h u'?ªaf6 !) xhf/,
;f/ËL Go'h 86sdaf6 % xhf/ cfly{s ;xof]u k|fKt ePsf]
lyof] . d~rsL cWoIf uf}/L u'?ªsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ePsf]
sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng dxf;lrj /f]zgL u'?ªn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
sfo{qmddf g]kfnL tyf u'?ª ;flxTonfO{ dfof ug]{ ljleGg If]qsf
JolQmx?sf] Jofks ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
td" ;+;f/ 27

;dfrf/ ultljlw
td" ;f“:s[lts k|lti7fgn] td" ljBfyL{x?nfO{ 5fqj[lQ ljt/0f
td" ;+;f/ ;+jfbbftf, kf]v/f
pRr lzIff xfd|f] eGg] nIosf ;fy sl/a b'Obzs
cl3 hfkfgdf :yflkt eO{ g]kfndf lqmofzLn td" ;fF:s[lts
k|lti7fgn] ut sflQ{s !^ ut] td" ljBfyL{x?nfO{ 5fqj[lQ
ljt/0f u/]sf] 5 . kf]v/f # glbk'/l:yt cGgk"0f{ pRr df=lj=df
cfof]lht sfo{qmddf sf:sL, tgx'F, :ofª\hf / kj{t lhNnfsf
u|fdL0f e]ssf] ;fd'bflos ljBfnox?df sIff ( df cWoog/t
!! hgf td" ljBfyL{x?nfO{ sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly k|lti7fgsf
cfhLjg ;b:o tyf lgnlu/L Olª\Un; af]l8{ª :s'nsL
;+:yfks /fd' td", k|lti7fgsf cWoIf lrhsfhL td" ;lxt
cIfosf]ifbftfx?n] 5fqj[lQ ljt/0f ug'{ePsf] xf] .
sf:sL tfªltªl:yt lxdfno ldng df=lj=sL cfs[lt
td" / ?kfsf]6l:yt rGb|k|ef dfljsL lgld{sf td"nfO{ td" wL+
Pzf]l;o;g o's] 5fqj[lQ, sf:sL cGgk"0f{ dflj l;Sn];sL
sNkgf td"nfO{ cd/axfb'/÷:juL{o z'ef td" 5fqj[lt, df5fk'R5«]
dflj e'h{'Ëvf]nfsf cdf]n td"nfO{ cWoIf td" wL+ g]kfn
5fqj[lQ k|bfg ul/Psf] xf] . o;/L g} tgx'F cfa'v}/]gLl:yt
ldqtf dfljsL k|ldnf td" / ;TojtL dflj alGbk'/sL k'hf
td"nfO{ td" wL+ hfkfg 5fqj[lQ, :ofª\hf la?jfl:yt c/lgsf]
dfljsL hl:dtf td"nfO{ z+s/ td" / lqzlxb dflj k~rd'nsf
cljgf; td"nfO{ dgaxfb'/ tyf OGb|s'df/L td" :d[lt 5fqj[lt,
kj{t e'stfª\n] e'sb]p/fnL dfljsL ;GWof td"nfO{ wgaxfb'/
td" :d[lt 5fqj[lQ, dx]Gb|Hof]lt dflj dxflznfsf ;';g td"nfO{
l6«lg6L Ph's]zg tyf ;fs'/f hfkflgh Njfª\Uj]h / k~rsf]zL
dflj cfy{/sL ;f]lkmof td"nfO{ b'uf{ tyf ;/:jtL zfxL 5fqj[lt
ljt/0f ul/Psf] xf] .
cfufdL rf/jif{sf nflu
5fqj[lQsf nflu 5gf}6
ePsf td" ljBfyL{x?nfO{
* xhf/ gub;lxt
k|df0fkq ljt/0f ul/Psf]
lyof] . *) eGbf a9L td"
ljBfyL{x?nfO{ 5fqj[lt
ljt/0f ub}{ cfO/x]sf]
k|lti7fgn] ndh'ª, uf]/vf,
Ko'7fg, tfKn]h'Ëdf k'uL
ljBfyL{x?nfO{ 5fqj[lQ
ljt/0f ug]{ sfo{qmd /x]sf]
cWoIf lrhsfhL td"n]
hfgsf/L lbg'eof].
td" cfdfx?nfO{ a}lsª ;fIf/tf
td" ;+;f/ ;+jfbbftf kf]v/f
td" lw+ g]kfn s]Gb|Lo cfdf ;ldltn] ;f]daf/ kf]v/fdf
td" cfdfx?nfO{ a}lsË ;fIff/tf ;DaGwL k|lzIf0f ;DkGg u/]sf]
5 . s]Gb|Lo cfdf ;ldlt4f/f dfl;s ?kdf td" cfdfx?nfO{
k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] ljleGg Ifdtf ljsf;, r]tgfd"ns tyf
:j/f]huf/ ;DaGwL sfo{qmd cGt{ut a}lsË ;fIf/tf ;DaGwL
k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] xf] .
kf]v/f ( gofFahf/l:yt td" wL+ g]kfndf cfof]lht
sfo{qmddf kf]v/f kmfOgfG; lnld6]8 Go'/f]8 zfvfsL k|aGw
lgb]{zs tyf k|yd ld; td":of] a'l4nIdL u'?ªn] a}+s s] xf],
a}sn] s;/L ;]jf / ;xof]u u5{, a}+s ;DaGwL /fVg'kg]{ Go'gtd
hfgsf/L nufot ljljw kIfdf k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] .
ca afafx? dfq} xf]Og cfdfx? klg Joj;flos / Jojxfl/s
kIfdf g]t[Tj ug{ ;Ifd agfpgsf nflu a}lsË ;fIff/0f k|lzIf0f
cfof]hgf ul/Psf] cfdf cWoIf xl/dfof u'?ªn] atfpg'eof] .
28 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

;dfrf/ ultljlw
td" v]df lnlksf] k|lzIf0f sfo{s|d b]zJofkL
led u'?ª÷?kGb]xL
td" efiffsf] lnlksf] ?kdf kfl/t lnlk v]df lnlksf]
b]zJofkL k|lzIf0f ;'? ePsf] 5 . @)%@ ;fndf ePsf] tTsflng
td" 5f]+h wL+sf] k|yd /fli6«o dxflwj]zgdf k|:t't u/L
k|:tfljt lnlksf] ?kdf /x]sf] v]dflnlknfO{ nfdf] k/LIf0f
k|lzIf0f kZrft\ td" x\o'n 5f]+h wL+ u'?ª /fli6«o kl/ifb\ s]lGb|o
kfif{b e]nf @)&$ n] td" efiff lnlksf] ?kdf kfl/t u/]kl5
k'g k|lzIf0fn] ltj|tf kfPsf] xf] . ;j{k|yd kf]v/fdf sfo{/t af}
l4s ;+:yf td" k|fl1s d~rsf] cfof]hgfdf gofFahf/df /x]sf]
td" ;+:yfsf] ;efxndf d~rsf cWoIfs]f cWoIftfdf ePsf]
uf]i7Ldf td" efiff tyf v]df lnlk ljsf; s]lGb|o ;ldtLsf
dxf;lrj led td"n] td" efiff / v]df lnlksf] kl/rfofTds
sfo{kq k|:t't ul/ tT;DjGwL 5nkmn ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{s|d
td" af}l4s JolQmTjx?n] d'n's ;+l3otfdf uO;s]sf] cj:yfdf
td" efiff arfpg lnlksf] cfjZostf cf}NofPsf lyP . To;}
u/L g]kfn td" ljBfyL{ 5f]+h wL+ gjnk/f;Lsf] cfof]hgfdf
gjnk/f;Lsf] sfjf;f]ltdf ltglbg] td" efiff tyf v]df lnlk
k|lzIf0f ;DkGg eof] . td" x\o'n 5f]+h wL+ u'?ª /fli6«o kl/ifb
s]lGb|o ;ldtLsf sf]iffWoIf tf} axfb'/ td"sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf
;DkGg ePsf] k|lzIf0fdf gjnk/f;L k|b]z gDj/ rf/sf !^ j6f
OsfO{ ;ldltsf o'jf ljBfyL{x?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
To:t}u/L g]kfn td" ljBfyL{ 5f]+h lw+ sf7df8f}+ lhNnf
;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf s]lGb|o sfo{nosf] k|lzIf0f xndf
sf7df8f} lhNnfdf /x]sf ls|oflzn td" ;+3 ;+:yfx? / td"
ljBfyL{ cGt/utsf SofDk; OsfO{ ;ldltx?sf] ;xeflutfdf
b'O{ lbg] k|lzIf0f sfo{s|d ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . td" x\o'n 5f]+h
lw u'?ª /fli6«o kl/ifb s]lGb|o ;ldtLsf s]lGb|o cWoIf /]zd
td"sf] k|d'v cfltYotf td" efiff ljb /Tgaxfb'/ td"sf] ljlzi6
cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] sfo{s|ddf td" efiff tyf v]df
lnlksf cleofGtf led td"n] k|lzIf0f lbg' ePsf] lyof] . otf
td" x\o'n 5f]h lw u'?ª /fli6«o kl/ifb ?kGb]xLsf] cfof]hgfdf
Ps xKt] td" efiff tyf v]df lnlk k|lzIf0f sfo{s|d ;DkGg
ePsf] 5 . k|b]z gDa/ % sf ;fdflhs ljsf; dGqL dfggLo
z'bz{g a/fnsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] sfo{s|ddf lhNnf
;ldtL cGt/utsf rf/ gu/ ;ldtL @$ j6f OsfO{ ;ldtL /
td" ljBfyL{ 5f]h lw+ cGt/utsf ;ldtLx?af6 ;xeflu /x]sf]
k|lzIf0fdf v]df lnlksf lgdf{tf jfng/l;+x td" / td" efiff tyf
v]df lnlksf cleofGtf led td"n] k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] .
ptf td" x\o'n 5f]+h wL+ u'?ª /fli6«o kl/ifb gjnk/f;L
klZrdsf] cfof]hgfdf ab{3f6 gu/kflnsf s's'/df/fdf ltglbg]
/ ;'gjn gu/kflnsf aGs6\6Ldf b'OxKt] td" efiff tyf v]df
lnlk k|lzIf0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . pQm k|lzIf0f sfo{s|dx?df
k|lzIfssf] e"ldsfdf ;+:sltsf cleoGtf tyf efiffljb\ 7fs'/
h+u td" / led td"n] k|lzIf0f lbPsf lyP . To;}u/L td" x\o'n
5f]h wL+ u'?ª /fli6«o kl/ifb :ofª\hfsf] cfof]hgfdf jflnª
gu/kflnsf /fdjfR5f ;dfh ejgdf ltglbg] td" efiff tyf v]df
lnlk k|lzIf0f sfo{s|d ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . td" x\o'n 5f]h wL+ u'?ª
/fli6«o kl/ifbsf s]lGb|o pkfWoIf
odaxfb'/ td"sf] k|d'v
cfltYotfdf ePsf] sfo{s|ddf
lhNnfel/sf ;Dk"0f{ OsfO{
;ldltx?af6 ;xefuL /x]sf]
cWoIf /lj td"n] atfpg'eof] .
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
td" ;+;f/ 29

;dfrf/ ultljlw
td" wL+ o'=s]=sf] b;f}+ sfo{;ldltsf] g]t[Tjdf gGbh· u'?ª
k'0f{ u'?ª÷nG8g
a]nfotdf a;f]af;/t u'?ªx?sf] ;femf ;+:yf td"
wL+ o's]sf] b;f}+ sfo{;ldltsf] g]t[Tjdf gGbhË u'?ª lglj{/f]w
lgjf{lrt ePsf 5g\ . td" wL++ o's]sf] !& gf]e]Da/sf lbg ;DkGg
;fwf/0f ;efn] pgsf] cWoIftfdf @( ;b:oLo gofF sfo{;ldlt
rog u/]sf] xf] . pgn] cfufdL #) l8;]Da/ @)!* Nxf]5f/sf
lbgb]lv cfufdL b'O{ jif{sf nflu sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg] 5g\ . o;
cl3 *cf}+ / (cf}+ sfo{;ldltsf] pkfWoIfsf] e"ldsfdf /x]/
g]kfnL d]nf / Nxf]5f/ kj{sf] ;+of]hssf] ;d]t pgn] lhDd]jf/L
lnO;s]sf 5g\ . sf:sL l;Sn]; :yfoL 3/ eO{ kmfg{af]/f], o's]df
kl/jf/ ;lxt a:b} cfPsf u'?ª k"j{ la|l6z uf]vf{ cfdL{ ;d]t
x'g\ . To:t}, o; cl3 b'O{ sfo{sfn pkfWoIfsf] e"ldsfdf /x]/
b'O{k6s g]kfnL d]nfsf] ;+of]hssf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ul/;s]sf
gjf}+ sfo{;ldltsf pkfWoIf lxtsfhL u'?ª k'gM pkfWoIfdf
rog ePsf 5g\ eg] cf7f}+ sfo{ ;ldltsf dxf;lrj xl/ u'?ª
/ cf7f}+ sfo{;ldltsf sf]iffWoIf h'dsfhL u'?ª pkfWoIfdf
rog ePsf 5g\ .
;f] gofF sfo{;ldltsf] dxf;lrjdf t'nf/fd u'?ª,
;lrjdf k/z'/fd u'?ª, sf]iffWoIfdf s'df/ u'?ª, ;xsf]iffWoIfdf
sdn u'?ª, v]ns'b ;lrjdf Sof= lktfDa/ u'?ª, k|jQmfdf
/f]lxts'df/ u'?ª, ;f+:s[lts ;lrjdf OG› 3f]tfg] u'?ª, k|];
-j]adf:6/_ df ;ljG›s'df/ u'?ª, k|f]k6L{ ;]qm]6/Ldf g/]z u'?ª,
o'jf ;+of]hsdf /fh]G› u'?ª / dlxnf k|d'vdf hutdfof u'?ª
rog ePsf 5g\ . To:t}, ldng td" u'?ª, ef]haxfb'/ u'?ª,
dgk|;fb u'?ª, hoaxfb'/ u'?ª, sf]nk|;fb u'?ª, 6+sk|;fb u'?ª,
>Lk|;fb u'?ª, o'jg u'?ª, >Laxfb'/ u'?ª, c?0f u'?ª, dbg
u'?ª, njs'df/ u'?ª, ods'df/ u'?ª / eLd u'?ª ;b:odf rog
ePsf 5g\ . gjlgjf{lrt !) cf}+ sfo{ ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L P+j
;b:ox?nfO{ lgjf{rg ;ldltsf ;+of]hs Ps]Gb| u'?ªn] ;ky
u/fpb} k|df0fkq k|bfg kq k|bfg u/]sf lyP .
g]kfnL ;d'bfo a]nfotdf uf]vf{ sk / g]kfnL d]nf
h:tf a[xt sfo{qmdsf] ;kmn cfof]hgf ub}{ cfPsf] td" wL+sf]
xfn;Dd ;+:yfks cWoIf dLgk|;fb u'?ª -@)))—)$_, d]h/
8Da/ 3n] -@))%—)^_, d]h/ nfnaxfb'/ u'?ª -@))&—)*_,
;'jfl;+ u'?ª -@))(—!)_, d'5]q u'?ª -@)!!—!@_, sdn
u'?ª -@)!#–!$_, ;'h]{ -/fdrG›_ u'?ª -@)!%—!^_ ;kmn
g]t[Tj ul/;s]sf 5g\ . To:t}, jt{dfg cWoIf 1fdaxfb'/
u'?ª -@)!&—!*_ n] cfufdL #) l8;]Da/ @)!* sf lbg
gjlgjf{lrt cWoIf gGbhË u'?ªnfO{ g]t[Tj x:tfGt/0f ug]{5g\ .
td" wL+ o's]sf ;Nnfxsf/ Ps]Gb| u'?ª ;+of]hs,
;Nnfxsf/ gf/fo0f u'?ª ;x;+of]hs / ;Nnfxsf/ xl/
s'df/ u'?ª -sfhL_ ;lrj /x]sf] lgjf{rg ;ldltn] !) cf}+
sfo{;ldltsf] 3f]if0ff u/] kZrft gjlgjf{lrt cWoIf gGbhË
u'?ªn] td" wL+ o's]sf] ul/dfnfO{ cem dfly p7fpg] ljZjf;
JoQm u/] . To:t} ( cf}+ sfo{ ;ldltsf cWoIf 1fd u'?ªn]
h;/L cfk"mnfO{ k"j{ cWoIfx?n] ;fy / ;xof]u lbP To;}u/L
cfk"mn] klg !) cf}+ sfo{ ;ldltnfO{ ;Sbf] ;xof]u ug]{ k|lta4tf
JoQm u/] .
30 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

td" ;+;f/ ;+jfbbftf, wflbª
wflbª lhNnfsf] b'u{d If]q ?aL EofnL ufpFkflnsf
j8f g+= ^, vflbªdf td" lw+ o's]4f/f lgld{t ljBfno ejgsf]
ut d+;L/ !# ut] p¢f6g ul/Psf] 5 . @)&@ ;fnsf] j}
zfv !@ / @( ut]sf] e"sDkaf6 Ifltu|:t eO{ v'Nnf d}bfgdf
k7gkf7g ug{ afWo vflbªl:yt lxdfno ;/:jtL cfwf/e't
ljBfnodf td" wL+ o's]n] kfxf/ 6«i6 g]kfnsf] k|fljlws /
:yfgLosf] hg>dbfgsf] ;xof]udf lgld{t % sf]7] ljBfno
ejgsf] p¢f6g u/]sf] xf] .
^) nfv #% xhf/ % ;o !! ?k}ofdf lgld{t ejg
p¢f6g k|d'v cltly td" wL+ o's]sf tTsfnLg cWoIf 1fdaxfb'/
u'?ª / ljz]if cltly kfxf/ 6«i6 g]kfnsf cWoIf rG›axfb'/
u'?ª lznfn]v cgfj/0f u/L ejgsf] p¢f6g ug{'ePsf] xf] eg]
sfo{qmdsf] p¢f6g k|d'v cltly u'?ªn] bLk k|Hjng ug{'ePsf]
lyof]. ejg p¢f6gdf td" wL+ o's]sf lgjt{dfg cWoIf tyf
ejg lgdf{0f ;+of]hs /fdrG› -;'h]{_ u'?ª, td" wL+o' s]sf
gjlgjf{lrt cWoIf gGbh+u u'?ª, gjlgjf{lrt pkfWoIf x/L
u'?ª, gjlgjf{lrt pkfWoIf h'dsfhL u'?ª, sf]iffWoIf bLks
u'?ª, sfo{sfl/0fL ;b:o >Lk|;fb u'?ª, ;b:o led u'?ª
nufotn] ;fy lbg'ePsf] lyof] . pQm ejgsf] @)&% ;fnsf]
a}zfv !@ ut] 1fdaxfb'/ u'?ª nufotn] lznfGof; ug{'ePsf]
lyof] .
sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly td" wL+ o's]sf tTsfnLg
cWoIf 1fdaxfb'/ u'?ªn] e"sDk k|efljt clt b'u{d If]q
vflbªdf ljBfno lgdf{0f u/L ;]jf k'¥ofpg kfpFbf cToGt}
v';L ePsf] atfpg'eof] .
o;}lar pxfFn] lxdfno ;/:jtL cfwf/e't
ljBfnodf cWoog/t lbnfn u'?ªnfO{ cfufdL jif{b]lv td"
;fF:s[lts k|lti7fg;Fu ;dGjo u/L 5fqj[lQ pknAw u/fpg
;dfrf/ ultljlw
e'sDk k|efljt wflbªsf] vflbªdf td" wL+ o'=s]=4f/f lgld{t ljBfno ejg pb\3f6g
kxn ug]{ atfpg'eof] .
ef]lnsf] ;'gf}nf] eljio
afnaflnsf ePsfn] ;a}
n] cfˆgf aRrfx?nfO{
lzIffdf hf]8 lbg cfu|x
ug{'eof] .
ljz]if cltly kfxf/
6«i6 g]kfnsf cWoIf
rG›axfb'/ u'?ªn] dGtJo
JoQm ug{'x'Fb} vflbªdf
e'sDkaf6 Ifltu|:t eO{
k7g kf7gdf ;d:ofnfO{
;dfwfg ug{ bftf ;F:yf
td" wL+ o's];Fu ;xsfo{
ug{ kfPsf]df v'zL JoQm
ug{'eof] . td" wL+ o's]sf lgjt{dfg cWoIf tyf ljBfno ejg
lgdf{0f ;+of]hs /fdrG›-;'h]{_ u'?ªn] z'esfdgf JoQm ug{'x'Fb}
clt cfjfZos ufpFdf ljBfno ejg lgdf{0f ug{ kfpFbf v';L
JoQm ug{'eof] . ;+:yfut ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTj cGt{ut e"sDk
kLl8tx?sf] kL8fdf td" wL+ o's]sf] tkm{af6 yf]/} ePklg dNxdk§L
nufpg] k|oTg u/]sf] atfpg'eof] .
?aL EofnL ufFpkflnsf j8f g+= ^ sf j8fWoIf
g/dfg u'?ªn] z'esfdgf JoQm ug{'x'Fb} td" wL+ / kfxf/ 6«i6nfO{
;xof]usf nflu wGojfb JoQm ug{'eof] . /fHosf] tkm{af6
klg ;xof]usf] kxn cfkm"n] ug]{ atfpg'eof] . :jfut ug{'x'Fb}
k|wfgfWofks u+uf/fd tfdfª / ljBfyL{ lbnfn u'?ªn] v'Nnf
cfsfzd'lg a;]/ k7g kf7g ug{ afWo eO/xFbf td" wL+ / kfxf/
6«i6sf] ;xof]u vflbªaf;Ln] slxNo} gla;{g] eGb} cfef/ JoQm
ug{'ePsf] lyof] . sIff * ;Dd cWofkg x'g] lxdfno ;/:jtL
cfwf/e't ljBfnodf !%^ hgf ljBfyL{, ( hgf lzIfs /
Ps hgf sfof{no ;xof]uL /x]sf] lzIfs lg/ u'?ªn] hfgsf/L
lbg'eof] .
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
td" ;+;f/ 31

32 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

;dfrf/ ultljlw
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
td" ;+;f/ 33

;dfrf/ ultljlw
;dfh ;]jfdf lg/Gt/ cl3 a9b} rGb|b]jL td":of]
gf/fo0f axfb'/ u'?ª;Fu pxfFsf] ljjfx eof] .
tTsfnLg cj:yfdf >Ldfgsf] g]kfnsf] AWC
ef]hk'/df Welfare Officer ePkl5 pxfFn] lrjtg
tyf kf]v/fsf] la|l6z uf]vf{ SofDkdf ;do latfpg'eof] .
To;kl5 xfdL ;g\ @))^ df kl/jf/ ;lxt pxfF a]nfot
a]nfot hfg' eof] To; otf cfkmgf >LdLg l/=Sof=gf/fo0f
axfb'/ u'?ª -MVO_;Fu} ldn]/ b'j} hgf ;fdflhs sfddf
;lqmof /xg'ePsf] 5 . >Ldfgs} k|]/0ffn] cfk"m ;dfh;]jfdf
nfu]sf] pxfF atfpg' x'G5 . ;]jf g} wd{ xf] eGg] d'n dGqnfO{
cfTd;fy ub}{ cfpFg] lbgx? klg ;dfh ;]jfd} nfUg] c7f]6
rGb|b]jLsf] /x]sf] 5 .
nfdf] ;dob]lv a]nfotdf ;–kl/jf/ a;f]af;
ub}{ / ;dfh;]jf ub}{ cfpg' ePsf rGb|b]jL td":of]n] td"
;+;f/ klqsfdf td" efiff / g]kfnL efiffdf ;d]t sljtf
n]Vb} cfpg'ePsf] 5 . ;g !(&) cui6 !* df sf:sLsf]
wDk';df afaf xg]/L hDbf/ cf]daxfb'/ u'?ª / cfdf >Ldlt
h}z'af u'?ªsf] ;Gtfgsf] ?kdf pxfFsf] hGd ePsf] xf] .
wDk';s} pbo df=lj=af6 :s'n] lzIff xfl;n]
ug'{ePsf rGb|b]jL ljBfnodf Ps h]x]Gbf/ ljBfyL{sf ?kdf
/x]sf lyP . ljBfnodf ;~rfng x'g] cltl/Qm lqmofsnfkx?
h:t} v]ns'b, sljtf, lgaGw n]vg, xflh/L hjfkm
nufotsf k|ltof]lutfx?df pxfFn] cfk"mnfO{ ;w} ;Ifd
ljBfyL{sf] ?kdf lrgfpg ;kmn x'geof] .
cfkmgf afaf ef/tLo ;]gfdf sfo{/t /x]sf] sf/0f
pxfFn] hLjg s]lx ;do ef/tsf ljleGg 7fpFxx?df
latfpg'eof] To;kl5 g]kfn kmls{P/ a]nfotL ;]gfsf nfx'/]
rGb|b]lj td":of]
k'/fgf] 7]ufgf cfF6L3/ dG5fk
xfn /fgLkf} !! kf]v/f
xfn Kndl:68 o's]
34 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

;dfrf/ ultljlw
td" wL+ o'=s]=sf] ;kmn g]t[Tj ub}{ ljbf eP – 1fd u'?ª
a]nfotdf a;f]af; ug]{ g]kfnL ;d'bfosf] nflu 1fd
u'?ªsf] gfd gf}nf] xf]Og . td" wL+ o's], rf/e~Hofª td" ;dfh,
kj{t j]nkm]o/ ;f];fO6L eGg] lalQs} pxfFsf] gfd cu|k+lQmdf
cfpg] u5{ . cfh eGbf %) jif{cl3 kj{t lhNnfsf] 7fgfdf}nf
vfN6]df afaf If];/fh u'?ª tyf cfdf lrhf u'?ªsf] sf]vaf6
hlGdg' ePsf 1fd u'?ª ;g\ @)!^ sf] !( gf]e]Da/df ePsf] td"
wL+ o's]sf] gjf}+ clwj]zgaf6 sfo{;ldltsf] cWoIfdf lglj{/f]w
rog x'g'ePsf] lyof] . cToGt} ldng;f/ / ;/n :jefjsf u'?ª
;g\ !(*^ ;fndf la|l6; uf]vf{ cfdL{df etL{ eO{ ;g\ @))%
df cjsfz lng'ePsf] lyof] . cjsfzkZrft a]nfotnfO{
sd{3/ agfO{ cfkmgf] k];f ;Fu;Fu} ;dfh ;]jfdf ;d]t ;do lbFb}
cfpg'ePsf u'?ªn] k[YjLgf/fo0f ax'd'vL SofDk; kf]v/faf6
lj1fg ljifodf k|lj0ftf k|df0f–kq tx;Ddsf] cWoog ug'{ePsf]
5 . ^ uf]vf{ /fOkmN;af6 cfk\mgf] ;}gs hLjg ;'? ug'{ePsf
u'?ªn] ;g\ !(($ kl5 km:6{ /f]on uf]vf{ /fOkmN;df sfd ug'{eof] .
kN6gdf /xFbf l;Ugn Knf6'g cyf{t sDo'lgs]zg l8kf6{df pTs[i6
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
/]l8of] ck/]6/sf ?kdf cfk"mnfO{ pEofpg ;kmn
x'g'eof] . ;}lgs hLjgdf /xFbf klg td" wL+ o's]sf]
ljleGg ultljlwdf efu lnFb} cfpg'ePsf u'?ªn]
;'?df rf/e~Hofª td" ;dfh o's] / td" wL+ s]G6
OsfOsf] dxf;lrj / pkfWoIfsf] lhDd]jf/L lgjf{x
ug'{eof] . To;kl5 td" wL+ o's]sf] ;lrj, dxf;lrj,
pkfWoIf / jl/i7 pkfWoIfsf] lhDd]jf/L;Fu;Fu} td"
wL+ o's]sf] ul/dfdo cWoIf kbdf lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]
lyof] .
td" wL+ o's]df cfa4 ePb]lv g} ;dfh;]jfdf
cWoGt ;lqmo u'?ª xfn Pgcf/PgP o'=s]= otL
P;f]l;ozg o's], ;xf/f o's], kj{t j]nkmo/ ;f];fO6L
o's], a'l4i6 sDo'lg6L ;]G6/ s]G6 / rf/e~Hofª td"
;dfh o's]sf] ;Nnfxsf/ x'g'x'G5 To:t} pxfF td"
wL+ s]G6 OsfO / kmf]S:6f]g g]kfnL sDo'lg6L o's]sf]
ldl8of ;]qm]6/L klg x'g'x'G5 . ;dfh;]jf hLjgsf]
cleGg c+usf ?kdf lnFb} cfpg'ePsf] u'?ªn] td"
wL+ o's]4f/f cfof]lht Nxf]5f/ / g]kfnL d]nfh:tf
a[xt sfo{qmdsf] @÷@ k6s ;+of]hs ul/;Sg' ePsf]
5 . s'g} klg ljifosf] cWoog / n]vgdf ljz]if
?lr /fVg'gx'g] u'?ª ;g\ @))( ;fnb]lv a]nfotsf]
kmf]S:6f]g s]G6df cfkmg} 6«feN; Pjd dgL 6«fG;km/
Joj;fo ;~rfng ub}{ cfpg' ePsf] 5 . pxfF rf/
e~Hofª kj{tdf x's]{ a9] tfklg kf]v/fsf] gofFahf/df
:yfoL 3/ eO{ xfn >LdtL k|]ds'df/L u'?ª @ 5f]/f /
! 5f]/L;Fu a]nfotsf] kmf]S:6f]g s]G6df a:g'x'G5 .
pxfFn] cfkmgf] sfo{sfndf a]nfot tyf
ljb]zdf /x]sf laleGg ;fdflhs, wfld{s, /fhgLlts tyf hghflt
/ g]kfnL ;dfhx¿;+u a'l4dtf k'a{s ;xsfo{ u/L td"lwsf] ;DaGw
k|an / a[xt\ ¿kdf lbuf] agfpg] sfddf dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjfx{s
ug'{eof] . pxfFsf] sfo{sfndf td"lwsf] O{ltxf;df Pltxfl;s
lslt{dfg sfo{x¿ uf]/vfsk, g]kfnL d]nf, r]/L6L sfo{qmd,
td"x¿sf] Pltxfl;s wfld{s :yn Sxf]nf ;f]+yf/sf] cWog e|d0f,
;Kt/L af9L lkl8tsf] nflu !) nfv /fxft ;xof]u, e'sDkn]
Ifltu|:t wflbªsf] vflbª l:yt lxdfno ;/:jtL cfwf/e't
ljBfnosf] % sf]7] kSsL ejgsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg nufotsf
dxTjk"0f{ sfdx? td"lwsf] O{ltxf;df clj:dl0fo /xg]5 . pxfFsf]
oLg} sfdx?n] ubf{ o; jif{ dfq} pxfF a]nfotdf ;Ddfg ul/g] ;a}
eGbf 7'nf] cjf8{ 6k !) ldl8of k;f{gflnl6 cjf8{af6 ;Ddflgt
x'g'eof] . of] ;Fu} pxfF td" ;fF:s[lts k|lti7fg g]kfnaf6 cfb;{
;dfh ;]lasf] kbsaf6 ;Ddflgt x'g'eof] . o;/L ;dfh ;]jf u/]/
slxNo} gyfSg] oL ;kmn g]t[Tjstf{ 1fd u'?ªsf] kfOnf ;dfh
?kfGt/0fsf] lbzfdf ce}m ltj| ultn] cl3 a9;f] eGg] z'esfdgf
JoQm ub{5' .
td" ;+;f/ 35
k|:t'lt M ldng td", o'=s]=

;dfrf/ ultljlw
36 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

;dfrf/ ultljlw
jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
td" ;+;f/ 37

xflb{s awfO{
38 td" ;+;f/ jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)

jif{ !*, c+s ^* d+l;/–df3 @)&% (Nov 2018-Jan 2019)
td" ;+;f/ 39